Comparison on flower, fruit and seed characteristics of tetraploid and diploid watermelons (Citrullus lanatus Thunb. Matsum. and Nakai)

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 704 - 710, 30.12.2022

Pınar Adıgüzel İlknur Solmaz Şenay Karabıyık Nebahat Sarı

https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2022.4.26

Abstract

In this study, the characteristics of tetraploid and diploid watermelon’s flowers, fruits, and seeds were examined, and their differences were investigated. As plant material, tetraploid ST101 and ST82; diploid WL92, WL124, WL134, WL216, WL259-B and WL235 were used. Flower (pollen viability, pollen germination, number of anthers and number of pollen per anther and flower); fruit (weight, length, diameter, rind thickness and TSS) and seed (weight of 1000 seed, length, width, thickness, full seed number, seed yield, embryo/seed ratio, germination and emergence) parameters were investigated. In terms of pollen parameters, diploid watermelon has a higher value than tetraploid watermelon. According to research results, average pollen germination was found to be in diploid watermelons at 74.48% and tetraploid watermelons at 71.62%. Pollen viability was determined highest in WL 235 (95.53%). In fruit parameters, tetraploid watermelons had higher values, but fruit length decreased (diploid 19.32 cm; tetraploid 15.33 cm) significantly. Considering the average values of tetraploid watermelons, a significant decrease occurred in terms of seed germination, full seed number, seed yield and embryo/seed ratio (57.22%, 225.48 seed, 6.33 g/fruit, 57.51% respectively in diploids; 37.31%, 57.67 seed, 4.90 g/fruit, 46.42% in tetraploid), and no difference observed in other seed parameters.

Keywords

Tetraploid, Diploid, Pollen, Watermelon, Seed Germination

Supporting Institution

Cukurova University, Unit of Scientific Researc Projects

Project Number

FLY-2018-10957

Thanks

Authors are thankful to Cukurova University, Unit of Scientific Researc Projects (Project no: FLY-2018-10957). Authors also thank to Antalya Tarım Productive, Consultant and Marketing Co. and Ismail SİMSEK for their collaboration and providing grafted seedlings used in this work.

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