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COVID-19 Vaccination Behaviors, Sources of Information, and Beliefs among Nursing Home Administrators and Other Staff

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 159 - 170, 01.01.2024

Abstract

Vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers is a major health issue. The study objective was to examine the vaccination behaviors, sources of information, and beliefs among a sample of nursing home administrators and other staff. The National Association of Long-Term Care Administrator Boards (NAB) provided their contact list of all 1,159 currently licensed nursing home administrators and assisted living administrators in the United States (US) for this study. A cross-sectional analysis of survey responses was collected in the spring of 2021, and data was analyzed from 1,004 completed surveys of US nursing home administrators and other staff. A subpopulation of long-term care staff who refuse to be vaccinated based on the perceived speed of vaccine development and rollout, among other health concerns. Respondents selected a variety of sources from where they retrieved information about the COVID-19 vaccine. Most respondents trust the COVID-19 vaccine (80.6%), believe that the vaccine is important (82.7%), and are confident in its effectiveness in decreasing the spread of COVID-19 (74.9%). There was a high percentage of respondents who reported getting vaccinated against COVID-19. Of the sample, 85.0% responded “yes” to receiving the vaccine (scheduled but not received, in progress, or completed). Healthcare workers need to use reputable sources to retrieve information about vaccines.

References

  • Berry, S. D., Baier, R. R., Syme, M., Gouskova, N., Bishnoi, C., Patel, U., Leitson, M., Gharpure, R., Stone, N. D., Link-Gelles, R., & Gifford, D. R. (2022). Strategies associated with COVID-19 vaccine coverage among nursing home staff. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 70(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17559
  • Berry, S. D., Johnson, K. S., Myles, L., Herndon, L., Montoya, A., Fashaw, S., & Gifford, D. (2021). Lessons learned from frontline skilled nursing facility staff regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 69(5), 1140–1146. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17136
  • Canning, H., Phillips, J., & Allsup, S. (2005). Health care worker beliefs about influenza vaccine and reasons for non-vaccination: A cross sectional survey. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14(8).
  • Coronavirus. (2021). Coronavirus (COVID-19) update: February 23, 2021. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-february-23-2021
  • Gorges, R. J., & Konetzka, R. T. (2021). Factors Associated With Racial Differences in Deaths Among Nursing Home Residents With COVID-19 Infection in the US. JAMA network open, 4(2), e2037431. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37431
  • Harrison, J., Berry, S., Mor, V., & Gifford, D. (2021). "Somebody like me": Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among staff in skilled nursing facilities. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 22(6), 1133–1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2021.03.012
  • Holahan, T. J., Eber, L. B., Vigne, E., & Clinical Practice Steering Committee of AMDA—The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine (2022). Building Trust in Post- Acute and Long-Term Care: Strategies for Sustainable Change. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 23(2), 193–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2021.12.007
  • Johnson & Johnson. Johnson & Johnson: Content Lab U.S. (2021). https://www.jnj.com/johnson-johnson-covid-19- vaccine-authorized-by-u-s-fda-for-emergency-usefirst-single-shot-vaccine-in-fight- against-global-pandemic#:~:text=The%20EUA%20follows%20a%20unanimous,)%20on%20February%2026%2C%202021.
  • Karlsson, L.C., Lewandowsky, S., Antfolk, J., Salo, P., Lindfelt, M., Oksanen, T., . . . Soveri, A. (2019). The association between vaccination confidence, vaccination behavior, and willingness to recommend vaccines among Finnish healthcare workers. PLoS One, 1-17.
  • La Torre, G., Scalingi, S., Garruto, V., Siclari, M., Chiarini, M., & Mannocci, A. (2017). Knowledge, attitude, and behaviors towards recommended vaccinations among healthcare workers. Healthcare, 13.
  • Larson, H.J., Clarke, R. M., Jarrett, C., Eckersberger, E., Levine, Z., Schulz, W. S., & Paterson, P. (2018). Measuring trust in vaccination: A systematic review. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 1599-1609.
  • Lee, S.K, Sun, J., Jang, S., & Connelly, S. (2022). Misinformation of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. Scientific Reports, 12,1-11. 10.1038/s41598-022-17430-6
  • McGarry, B. E., Barnett, M. L., Grabowski, D. C., & Gandhi, A. D. (2022). Nursing Home Staff Vaccination and Covid-19 Outcomes. The New England journal of medicine, 386(4), 397–398. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2115674
  • Moderna Receives Full U.S. FDA Approval for COVID-19 Vaccine Spikevax. (2022). https://investors.modernatx.com/news/news-details/2022/Moderna-Receives-Full-U.S.-FDA-Approval-for-COVID-19-Vaccine-Spikevax/default.aspx
  • Niznik, J. D., Harrison, J., White, E. M., Syme, M., Hanson, L. C., Kelley, C. J., Porter, L., & Berry, S. D. (2022). Perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare assistants: A national survey. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 70(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17437
  • Siani, A., & Tranter, A. (2022). Is vaccine confidence an unexpected victim of the COVID-19 pandemic?. Vaccine, 40(50), 7262–7269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.061
  • Sinha, S., & Konetzka, R. T. (2022). Association of COVID-19 Vaccination Rates of Staff and COVID-19 Illness and Death Among Residents and Staff in US Nursing Homes. JAMA network open, 5(12), e2249002. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.49002
  • Tan, H. H., & Lim, A. K. (2009). Trust in Coworkers and Trust in Organizations. The Journal of Psychology, 45-66. Taylor, S., Landry, C. A., Paluszek, M. M., Groenewould, R., Rachor, G. S., & Asmundson, G. J. (2020. Oct.). A proactive approach for managing COVID-19: The importance of understanding the motivational roots of vaccination hesitancy for SARS-CoV2. Frontiers in Psychology. 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575950
  • Temkin-Greener, H., Guo, W., Mao, Y., Cai, X., & Li, Y. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic in Assisted Living Communities: Results from Seven States. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68(12), 2727–2734. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16850
  • United States Food and Drug Administration. (2021). FDA approves first COVID-19 vaccine. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-covid-19-vaccine#:~:text=The%20first%20EUA%2C%20issued%20Dec,trial%20of%20thousands%20of%20individuals.
  • Unroe, K. T., Evans, R., Weaver, L., Rusyniak, D., & Blackburn, J. (2021). Willingness of Long- Term Care Staff to Receive a COVID-19 Vaccine: A Single State Survey. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 69(3), 593–599. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17022
  • Vipperman, A., Zimmerman, S., & Sloane, P. D. (2021). COVID-19 Recommendations for Assisted Living: Implications for the Future. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 22(5), 933–938.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2021.02.021
Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 159 - 170, 01.01.2024

Abstract

References

  • Berry, S. D., Baier, R. R., Syme, M., Gouskova, N., Bishnoi, C., Patel, U., Leitson, M., Gharpure, R., Stone, N. D., Link-Gelles, R., & Gifford, D. R. (2022). Strategies associated with COVID-19 vaccine coverage among nursing home staff. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 70(1), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17559
  • Berry, S. D., Johnson, K. S., Myles, L., Herndon, L., Montoya, A., Fashaw, S., & Gifford, D. (2021). Lessons learned from frontline skilled nursing facility staff regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 69(5), 1140–1146. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17136
  • Canning, H., Phillips, J., & Allsup, S. (2005). Health care worker beliefs about influenza vaccine and reasons for non-vaccination: A cross sectional survey. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14(8).
  • Coronavirus. (2021). Coronavirus (COVID-19) update: February 23, 2021. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-february-23-2021
  • Gorges, R. J., & Konetzka, R. T. (2021). Factors Associated With Racial Differences in Deaths Among Nursing Home Residents With COVID-19 Infection in the US. JAMA network open, 4(2), e2037431. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37431
  • Harrison, J., Berry, S., Mor, V., & Gifford, D. (2021). "Somebody like me": Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among staff in skilled nursing facilities. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 22(6), 1133–1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2021.03.012
  • Holahan, T. J., Eber, L. B., Vigne, E., & Clinical Practice Steering Committee of AMDA—The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine (2022). Building Trust in Post- Acute and Long-Term Care: Strategies for Sustainable Change. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 23(2), 193–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2021.12.007
  • Johnson & Johnson. Johnson & Johnson: Content Lab U.S. (2021). https://www.jnj.com/johnson-johnson-covid-19- vaccine-authorized-by-u-s-fda-for-emergency-usefirst-single-shot-vaccine-in-fight- against-global-pandemic#:~:text=The%20EUA%20follows%20a%20unanimous,)%20on%20February%2026%2C%202021.
  • Karlsson, L.C., Lewandowsky, S., Antfolk, J., Salo, P., Lindfelt, M., Oksanen, T., . . . Soveri, A. (2019). The association between vaccination confidence, vaccination behavior, and willingness to recommend vaccines among Finnish healthcare workers. PLoS One, 1-17.
  • La Torre, G., Scalingi, S., Garruto, V., Siclari, M., Chiarini, M., & Mannocci, A. (2017). Knowledge, attitude, and behaviors towards recommended vaccinations among healthcare workers. Healthcare, 13.
  • Larson, H.J., Clarke, R. M., Jarrett, C., Eckersberger, E., Levine, Z., Schulz, W. S., & Paterson, P. (2018). Measuring trust in vaccination: A systematic review. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 1599-1609.
  • Lee, S.K, Sun, J., Jang, S., & Connelly, S. (2022). Misinformation of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. Scientific Reports, 12,1-11. 10.1038/s41598-022-17430-6
  • McGarry, B. E., Barnett, M. L., Grabowski, D. C., & Gandhi, A. D. (2022). Nursing Home Staff Vaccination and Covid-19 Outcomes. The New England journal of medicine, 386(4), 397–398. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2115674
  • Moderna Receives Full U.S. FDA Approval for COVID-19 Vaccine Spikevax. (2022). https://investors.modernatx.com/news/news-details/2022/Moderna-Receives-Full-U.S.-FDA-Approval-for-COVID-19-Vaccine-Spikevax/default.aspx
  • Niznik, J. D., Harrison, J., White, E. M., Syme, M., Hanson, L. C., Kelley, C. J., Porter, L., & Berry, S. D. (2022). Perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare assistants: A national survey. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 70(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17437
  • Siani, A., & Tranter, A. (2022). Is vaccine confidence an unexpected victim of the COVID-19 pandemic?. Vaccine, 40(50), 7262–7269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.061
  • Sinha, S., & Konetzka, R. T. (2022). Association of COVID-19 Vaccination Rates of Staff and COVID-19 Illness and Death Among Residents and Staff in US Nursing Homes. JAMA network open, 5(12), e2249002. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.49002
  • Tan, H. H., & Lim, A. K. (2009). Trust in Coworkers and Trust in Organizations. The Journal of Psychology, 45-66. Taylor, S., Landry, C. A., Paluszek, M. M., Groenewould, R., Rachor, G. S., & Asmundson, G. J. (2020. Oct.). A proactive approach for managing COVID-19: The importance of understanding the motivational roots of vaccination hesitancy for SARS-CoV2. Frontiers in Psychology. 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575950
  • Temkin-Greener, H., Guo, W., Mao, Y., Cai, X., & Li, Y. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic in Assisted Living Communities: Results from Seven States. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68(12), 2727–2734. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16850
  • United States Food and Drug Administration. (2021). FDA approves first COVID-19 vaccine. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-covid-19-vaccine#:~:text=The%20first%20EUA%2C%20issued%20Dec,trial%20of%20thousands%20of%20individuals.
  • Unroe, K. T., Evans, R., Weaver, L., Rusyniak, D., & Blackburn, J. (2021). Willingness of Long- Term Care Staff to Receive a COVID-19 Vaccine: A Single State Survey. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 69(3), 593–599. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17022
  • Vipperman, A., Zimmerman, S., & Sloane, P. D. (2021). COVID-19 Recommendations for Assisted Living: Implications for the Future. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 22(5), 933–938.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2021.02.021
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aged Care Nursing
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Daniel Van Dussen 0000-0002-8331-013X

Amy Weaver 0000-0002-7358-9640

Rachel Ward 0009-0007-7810-890X

Adaline Cooke 0009-0006-7492-7118

Publication Date January 1, 2024
Submission Date October 11, 2023
Acceptance Date December 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Van Dussen, D., Weaver, A., Ward, R., Cooke, A. (2024). COVID-19 Vaccination Behaviors, Sources of Information, and Beliefs among Nursing Home Administrators and Other Staff. Journal of Aging and Long-Term Care, 6(3), 159-170.

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The National Association of Social and Applied Gerontology (NASAG) is a leading non-profit organization in Türkiye, dedicated to promoting healthy aging through evidence-based research and policy development. NASAG emphasizes the integration of research, practice, and policy to improve the quality of life in later years.

The NASAG has been a member of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG) since 2007.