Marmara Adasında Bulunan Bal Arılarının (Apis mellifera L.) Polen Tercihleri

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 41 - 56, 30.12.2023

Omer Solak Amet İbrahim Çakmak Aycan Tosunoglu

https://doi.org/10.35206/jan.1377566

Abstract

Adalar biyoçeşitlilik açısından özel bir öneme sahiptir. Aynı zamanda ada genelinde biyoçeşitliliğin devamını sağlayan polinatörlerin beslenme davranışlarının takip edilmesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Marmara Adası'nda bal arılarının (Apis mellifera L.) polen toplama faaliyetlerinin takip edilmesi ve polen kaynaklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bal arılarının yoğun olarak polen toplama faaliyeti gerçekleştirdiği Nisan ayının ilk haftasından Temmuz ayının ilk haftasına kadar 14 hafta boyunca haftalık olarak polen örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Örneklenen polen taneleri renklerine göre sınıflandırılmış ve ışık mikroskobu ile incelenmiştir. Polen tanelerinden toplam 34 takson tespit edilmiştir. Önemli oranlarda temsil edilen taksonlar; Rosaceae, Fabaceae ve Centaurea, Ericaceae, Brassicaceae, Cistus, Helianthemum, Vitis ve Salix'tir. Bunlar toplamda %79.37'lik bir oranı oluşturmaktadır. Rosaceae familyası polenleri, 8 hafta boyunca bal arıları tarafından en çok tercih edilen takson olarak bulunmuştur. Marmara Adası'nda Mayıs ayının ilk iki haftası polen türleri açısından en verimli dönem olmuş ve Temmuz ayı başında kovanlara getirilen polen miktarı azalmıştır. Bu çalışmada Marmara Adası koşullarında bal arılarının polen toplama tercihlerine ve bal arılarının kullandıkları bitkilerin tozlaşma periyodlarına ışık tutulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Apis mellifera, Bal arıları, Polen tercihleri, Marmara Adası

Pollen Preferences of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) on Marmara Island

Abstract

Islands have a special importance in terms of biodiversity. At the same time, it is important to follow the feeding behavior of pollinators that ensure the continuation of biodiversity throughout the island. In this study, it was aimed to follow the pollen collection activities of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) on Marmara Island and to determine the pollen sources. Pollen sampling was carried out weekly during the 14 weeks from the first week of April to the first week of July when honey bees intensively carried out pollen collection activities. The sampled pollen grains were classified according to their color and examined by light microscopy. A total of 34 taxa were identified from the pollen grains. The taxa represented in significant proportions were; Rosaceae, Fabaceae, and Centaurea, Ericaceae, Brassicaceae, Cistus, Helianthemum, Vitis and Salix. They constitute a total of 79.37%. Rosaceae family pollen has been found as the most preferred taxa by honey bees for 8 weeks. The first two weeks of May was the most productive period in terms of pollen species in Marmara Island and the amount of pollen brought to the hives decreased in early July. In this study, it was tried to shed light on the pollen collection preferences of honey bees and pollination periods of honey bee used plants under conditions of Marmara Island.

Keywords

Apis mellifera, Honey bees, Pollen preferences, Marmara Island

Thanks

This study has been financially supported by Uludag University Scientific Research Projects Unit (Project number: BAP-AGAM 2016/2).

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