<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article         dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>jbachs</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2564-7288</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Dokuz Eylul University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5152/jbachs.2017.227</article-id>
                                                                                                                                                                                            <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Adverse Effects to Suckling Mice Following Indirect Exposure to a Pesticide Mixture and Ameliorative Effect of α-Tocopherol Coadministration</article-title>
                                                                                                                                        </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Mansour</surname>
                                    <given-names>Sameeh</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Pesticide Chemistry &amp; Toxicology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Abdel-mageed</surname>
                                    <given-names>Mohamed</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Plant Protection, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Mohamed</surname>
                                    <given-names>Khaled</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Plant Protection, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Gad</surname>
                                    <given-names>Marwa</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Pesticide Chemistry &amp; Toxicology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Gamet-payrastre</surname>
                                    <given-names>Laurence</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Joint Research Unit 1331, TOXALIM Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse, France</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20170901">
                    <day>09</day>
                    <month>01</month>
                    <year>2017</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>1</volume>
                                        <issue>3</issue>
                                        <fpage>71</fpage>
                                        <lpage>78</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2016, Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2016</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Purpose: The present study was conducted to evaluate the oxidative damage and biochemical and histopathological alterations in suckling mice whose mothers were exposed to a mixture of three pesticides  atrazine “A,” chlorpyrifos “C,” and endosulfan “E”; ACE  with and without vitamin E  α-tocopherol  supplementation.Methods: During gestation, the mouse dams were fed a diet free of chemicals. Just after parturition and up to offspring weaning  ca. 20 days , the mouse dams received one of the following diets:  a  a diet free of ACE,  b  a diet enriched with ACE  at Acceptable Daily Intake  ADI : 0.005, 0.01, and 0.006 mg/kg bw/day ,  c  a diet free of ACE+oral vitamin E  100 ul/mouse/day , or  d  a diet enriched with ACE+oral vitamin E. Drinking water was allowed ad libitum up to 42 days. After weaning, blood samples and organs were collected from pups and dams for analyses. Results: Compared with the control results of dams or their pups, the ACE mixture induced high elevation in AST, ALT, ALP, urea, and MDA and high decline in BuChE, SOD, and CAT. The suckling pups were more affected than the dams with respect to alterations in MDA and BuChE activities, whereas the opposite was observed with respect to SOD activities. Vitamin E supplementation alleviated the oxidative stress exerted by the tested mixture. Conclusion: The findings of this study explore extension of the adverse effects of the ACE mixture to mouse offspring and the powerful ameliorating effect of vitamin E supplementation</p></abstract>
                                                                                    
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Pesticide mixture</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  lactation exposure</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  oxidative stress</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  vitamin E</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  amelioration</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                    </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Anderson HA, Wolff MS. Environmental contaminations in human milk. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2000; 10:755-760. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nawaz A, Razpotnik A, Rouimi P, de Sousa G, Cravedi JP, Rahma- ni R. Cellular impact of combinations of endosulfan, atrazine, and chlorpyrifos on human primary hepatocytes and HepaRG cells after short and chronic exposures. Cell Biol Toxicol 2014; 30:17-29. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rouimi P, Zucchini-Pascal N, Dupont G, et al. Impacts of low doses of pesticide mixtures on liver cell defence systems. Toxicol Vitro 2012; 26:718-726. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Endosulfan. Agency for Toxic Sub- stances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences/Environmental Toxicology Branch, 1600 Clifton Road, NE Mailstop F-57 Atlanta, Georgia 30329-4027; 2015.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mansour SA, Gamet-Payrastre L, Mohamed DA, Gad MF. Ame- liorative effect of vitamin E to mice dams and their pups following exposure of mothers to atrazine during gestation and lactation pe- riods. ScienceJet 2013; 32:3.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mansour SA, Mohamed DA, Gamet-Payrastre L. Indirect exposure of mice pups to endosulfan via their dams during gestation and lac- tation periods and the ameliorative effect of vitamin E. Hum Exper Toxicol 2014; 33:911-927. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mansour SA, Gamet-Payrastre L. Ameliorative effect of vitamin E to mouse dams and their pups following exposure of mothers to chlorpyrifos during gestation and lactation periods. Toxicol Industr Health 2016; 32: 1179-1196. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Carpenter DO, Arcaro K, Spink DC. Understanding the human health effects of chemical mixtures. Environ Health Perspec 2002; 110: 25-42. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Belden JB, Lydy MJ. Impact of atrazine on organophosphate insec- ticide toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2000; 19:2266-2274. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">DeLorenzo ME, Lorimar S. Individual and mixture toxicity of three pesticides; atrazine, chlorpyrifos, and chlorothalonil to the marine phytoplankton species Dunaliella tertiolecta. J Environ Sci Health B 2003; 5:529-538. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Abdollahi M, Mostafalou S, Pournourmohammadi S, Shadnia S. Ox- idative stress and cholinesterase inhibition in saliva and plasma of rats following sub chronic exposure to malathion. Comp Biochem Physiol C: Toxicol Pharmacol 2004; 137:29-34.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gawish A, Elhalwagy MEA. Which can attenuate hepatotoxicity induced by pesticides mixture natural or synthetic phenolic antioxi- dant. Nat Sci 2009; 5:29-44.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Verhagen H, Buijsse B, Jansen E, Bueno-de-Mesquita B. The state of antioxidant affairs. Nutr Today 2006; 41:244-250. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Merhi M, Demur C, Racaud-Sultan C, et al. Gender-linked haematopoi- etic and metabolic disturbances induced by a pesticide mixture ad- ministered at low dose to mice. Toxicology 2010; 267:80-90. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">FAO/WHO. Pesticide Residues in Food 2010. Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group on Pesticide Residues, Rome, Italy; September 2010.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kalender S, Kalender Y, Ogutcu A, Uzunhisarcikli M, Durak D, Açikgoz F. Endosulfan-induced cardiotoxicity and free radical metabolism in rats: the protective effect of vitamin E. Toxicology 2004; 202:227-235. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fishbeck KL, Rasmussen KM. Effect of repeated cycles on maternal nutritional status, lactational performance and litter growth in ad libitum fed and chronically food. J Nutr 1987; 117:1967-1975.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Brunt EM, Janney CG, Di Bisceglie AM, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Ba- con BR. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94:2467- 2474. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Infante-Rivard C, Labuda D, Krajinovic M, Sinnett D. Risk of child- hood leukemia associated with exposure to pesticides and with gene polymorphisms [comment]. Epidemiology 1999; 10:481-487. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Perera FP, Illman SM, Kinney PL, et al. The challenge of prevent- ing environmentally related disease in young children: communi- ty-based research in New York City. Environ Health Perspec 2002; 110:197-204. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Scheuplein R, Charnley G, Dourson M. Differential sensitivity of chil- dren and adults to chemical toxicity I. Biological basis. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2002; 35:429-447. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kostka G, Kopeć-Szlezak J, Palut D. Early hepatic changes induced in rats by two hepatocarcinogenicorganohalogen pesticides: bro- mopropylate and DDT. Carcinogenesis 1996; 17:407-412. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rajesh MG, Latha MS. Preliminary evaluation of the antihepatotox- ic activity of Kamilari, a polyherbal formulation. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 91:99-104. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Xing-Jiu H, Yang-Kyu C, Hyung-Soon I, Oktay Y, Euisik Y, Hak-Sung K. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Amino- transferase (ALT/GPT) detection techniques. Sensors 2006; 6:756- 782. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Walmsley RN, White GH. A guide to diagnostic clinical chemistry. 3rd ed. London, UK: Blackwell Publication; 1994, 543.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Brown SS, Kalow W, Pilz W, Whittaker M, Woronick CL. The plasma cholinesterases: a new perspective. Adv Clin Chem 1981; 22:1-123. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Moss DM, Henderson AR. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Enzymology. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. WB Saunders Co: Philadelphia, PA, USA; 1999; 617-721.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ranjbar A, Pasalar P, Abdollahi M. Induction of oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase inhibition in organophosphorous pesticide manufacturing workers. Hum Exper Toxicol 2002; 21:179-182. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mansour SA, Mossa AH. Adverse effects of lactational exposure to chlorpyrifos in suckling rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 29 :77-92. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mansour SA, Mossa AH. Adverse effects of exposure to low doses of chlorpyrifos in lactating rats. Toxicol Industr Health 2011; 27:213-224. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">McCord JM, Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase: an enzymatic function for erythrocuprein (hemocuprein). J Biol Chem 1969; 244:6049-6055.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lahouel A, Kebieche M, Lakroun Z, et al. Chronic exposure of female rats to a low dose POPs mixture induced oxidative stress in brain cytosol and mitochondria. Int Res J Earth Sci 2015; 3: 1-8.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Horwitt MK. Vitamin E: a reexamination. Am J Clin Nutr 1976; 29:569-578.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">de Castro VLS, Chiorato SH. Effects of separate and combined expo- sure to the pesticides methamidophos and chlorothalonil on the de- velopment of suckling rats. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2007; 210:169-176. [CrossRef]</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
