<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>jcer</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Journal of Computer and Education Research</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2148-2896</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Tamer KUTLUCA</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18009/jcer.1752336</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Mathematics Education</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Matematik Eğitimi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The Relationship between Fractional Number Sense Behavior and Cognitive Styles from Academic Achievement Perspective</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Akademik Başarı Perspektifinden Kesir Sayı Hissi Davranışları ve Bilişsel Stiller Arasındaki İlişki</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0639-3179</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Akbudak</surname>
                                    <given-names>Muhammed</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3613-7001</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Anapa Saban</surname>
                                    <given-names>Pınar</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ESKİŞEHİR OSMANGAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EĞİTİM BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260504">
                    <day>05</day>
                    <month>04</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>14</volume>
                                                            
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250728">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>28</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260422">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>22</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, Journal of Computer and Education Research</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Computer and Education Research</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>The purpose of this study is to examine how students&#039; fraction sense behaviors and cognitive styles differ from an academic achievement perspective. It was designed as a case study using qualitative research methods. The study group consisted of six students selected from among nineteen 7th grade students at a public middle school using the “maximum diversity” method. The Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) was used to determine students&#039; field dependent and field independent cognitive styles. One student each from low, medium, and high academic achievement levels, based on 7th grade spring semester report card grades, was included in the study group. The data collection tool is a problem form consisting of six questions. The research results show that academic achievement alone does not have a contribution on fraction sense, but that cognitive styles play an important role in the development of fraction sense behaviors.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Bu araştırmanın amacı, akademik başarı perspektifinden öğrencilerin kesir sayı hissi davranışlarının ve bilişsel stillerinin nasıl farklılaştığını incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseni olarak dizayn edilmiştir. Çalışma grubu, bir devlet ortaokulundaki on dokuz 7. sınıf öğrencisi arasından, “maksimum çeşitlilik” yöntemi kullanılarak seçilen altı öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Öğrencilerin alan bağımlı ve alan bağımsız bilişsel stillerini belirlemek için Gizlenmiş Şekiller Grup Testi (GEFT) kullanılmıştır. 7. sınıf bahar dönemi karne notları dikkate alınarak alan bağımlı ve alan bağımsız bilişsel stillere sahip düşük, orta ve yüksek akademik başarı düzeylerinden birer öğrenci çalışma grubunda yer almıştır. Veri toplama aracı altı sorudan oluşan bir problem formudur. Araştırma sonuçları akademik başarının kesir sayı hissi üzerinde tek başına bir katkısının olmadığını, bilişsel stillerin kesir sayı hissi davranışlarının gelişiminde önemli rol oynadığını göstermektedir.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Kesir sayı hissi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  alan bağımsız bilişsel stil</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  alan bağımlı bilişsel stil</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Fraction number sense</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  field independent cognitive style</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  field dependent cognitive style</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akbudak, M. (2022). Yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin kesir sayı hislerinin bilişsel stilleri açısından incelenmesi [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aktaş, D. Y., &amp; Cansız-Aktaş, M. (2012). Öğrencilerin rasyonel sayılar kümesinin yoğunluğunu anlamaları. Eğitim ve Öğretim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 103-110.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Alacacı, C. (2010). Öğrencilerin kesirler konusundaki kavram yanılgıları. E. Bingölbali ve M. F. Özmantar, (Ed.), İlköğretimde karşılaşılan matematiksel zorluklar ve çözüm önerileri (2. Baskı) içinde (63-95). Pegem Akademi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Alamolhodaei, H. (1996). A study in higher education calculus and students’ learning styles  [Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi]. University of Glasgow.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ayvaz, Ü., Gündüz, N., Durmuş, S., &amp; Dündar, S. (2016). Subtraction performances of primary school prospective mathematics teachers having different cognitive styles. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 4(12A), 167-172.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chrysostomou, M., Pitta-Pantazi, D., Tsingi, C., Cleanthous, E., &amp; Christou, C. (2013). Examining number sense and algebraic reasoning through cognitive styles. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 83(2), 205-223.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Creswell, J. W., &amp; Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çeziktürk, Ö. (2019). Matematik öğretmen adaylarında bilişsel stil, görsel matematik okuryazarlığı ve matematik başarısı ilişkisinin incelenmesi: Simetri örneği. IBAD Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 589-606.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çakan, M. (2003). Cross-cultural aspect of the group embedded figures test: Norms for Turkish eighth graders. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 97(2), 499–509.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dehaene, S. (1997). The number sense: How the mind creates mathematics. Oxford University.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Farmaki, C., Sakkalis, V., Loesche, F., &amp; Nisiforou, E. A. (2019). Assessing field dependence–independence cognitive abilities through EEG-based bistable perception processing. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 13, 345.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Forte, J. M. G., Verdú, C. F., Van Hoof, J., &amp; Van Dooren, W. (2022). Profiles in understanding the density of rational numbers among primary and secondary school students. Avances de Investigación en Educación Matemática: AIEM, (22), 48-70.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kartal, A. (2016). 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin kesirlerde sayı duyularının incelenmesi. [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Küpcü, A. R., &amp; Özdemir, A. Ş. (2012). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin bilişsel stil, cinsiyet ve orantısal düşünme seviyelerine göre orantı ilişkili problem çözme başarıları. Kastamonu Education Journal, 20(2), 451-472.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mariana, R., Khabibah, S., &amp; Amin, S. M. (2020). Profile number sense of 5th grade students subject based on field-dependent and field-independent cognitive style. International Journalfor Educational and Vocational Studies, 2(12).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">McIntosh, A., Reys, B. J., &amp; Reys, R. E. (1992). A proposed framework for examining basic number sense. For the Learning of Mathematics, 12(3), 2–9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Merriam, S. B. (2013). Reminiscence and life review: The potential for educational intervention. In Introduction to Educational Gerontology (pp. 41-58). Taylor &amp; Francis.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mousavi, S. A., &amp; Mahmoodi, F. (2022). The effect of constructivist-based approach of teaching in sciences course on students&#039; cognitive styles. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 19(45), 86–99. https://doi.org/10.22111/jeps.2022.6574</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Newstead, K., &amp; Murray, H. (1998, November 16-17). Young students&#039; constructions of fractions [Paper presentation]. In PME Conference. Paris, France.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nisiforou, E., &amp; Laghos, A. (2016). Field dependence–independence and eye movement patterns: investigating users’ differences through an eye tracking study. Interacting with Computers, 28(4), 407-420.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Peker, E. (2017). Alan bağımlı ve alan bağımsız bilişsel stillerdeki yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin geometri problemi çözme ve mantıksal süreç gelişiminin incelenmesi [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Gazi Üniversitesi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Reys, R. E., &amp; Yang, D. C. (1998). Relationship between computational performance and number sense among sixth-and eighth-grade students in Taiwan. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 29(2), 225-237. https://doi.org/10.2307/749900</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Söğüt, M. (2019). Five- to 8-year-old Turkish children&#039;s number sense and cognitive flexibility [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Koç Üniversitesi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Stafylidou, S., &amp; Vosniadou, S. (2004). The development of students’ understanding of the numerical value of fractions. Learning and Instruction, 14(5), 503-518.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şahin, F., &amp; Şaşmaz Ören, F. (2022). Laboratory as an instrument in improving the scientific reasoning skills of pre-service science teachers with different cognitive styles. Science Insights Education Frontiers, 13(2), 1875-1897. https://doi.org/10.15354/sief.22.or072</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Trigka, M., Papadoulis, G., Dritsas, E., &amp; Fidas, C. (2023, August). Influences of cognitive styles on EEG-based activity: An empirical study on visual content comprehension. In Proceedings of the IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 496-500).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Witkin, H. A., Oltman, P. K., Raskin, E., &amp; Karp, S. A. (1971). Embedded figures test, children&#039;s embedded figures test, group embedded figures test: Manual. Consulting Psychologists.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Witkin, H. A., Moore, C. A., Goodenough, D. R. &amp; Cox, &amp; P. W. (1977). Field-dependent and field independent cognitive styles and their educational implications. Review of Educational Research, 47. 1-68. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2333-8504.1977.tb01141.x</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Woodward, T. L. (1998). An exploration of grade 8 students’ fraction sense [Yayınlanmamış yükseklisans tezi]. Simon Fraser University.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Xie, Q., Yang, K., Ji, R., Qian, Y., Tong, L., Chao, C. N. G., &amp; Sin, K. F. K. (2025). Cognitive style and students&#039; academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Education, 10, Article 1606625. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1634732</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yang, D. C. (2002). Teaching and learning number sense: one successful process oriented activity with sixth grade students in Taiwan. School Science and Mathematics, 102(4), 152-157. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.2002.tb18197.x</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yang, D. C., &amp; Hsu, C. J. (2009). Teaching number sense for 6th graders in Taiwan. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 4(2), 92-109.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ye, M., &amp; Li, J. (2025). Computerized continuous scoring of the cognitive style figure test: Embedded figure test as an example. Behavior Research Methods, 57(3), 84.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zainal, Z., Masriyah, M., &amp; Wijayanti, P. (2018, July). 7th grade students&#039; number sense based on reflective and impulsive cognitive styles. In Mathematics, Informatics, Science, and Education International Conference (MISEIC 2018) (pp. 210-212). Atlantis Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
