Relationship of selective IgE deficiency with autoimmune diseases

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 5, 918 - 922, 30.09.2023

Nurhan Sayaca

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1350196

Abstract

Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Selective IgE deficiency (SIgED) is currently defined as a significant decrease in serum levels of IgE (≤2 kIU/L) in a patient whose other immunoglobulin levels are normal. The clinical spectrum of SIgED is unknown still. This study aimed to determine the relationship between SIgED and autoimmune diseases in an allergy and immunology clinic of a university hospital.
Methods: A retrospective study of the data obtained from medical records of 40 patients, 27 were female (67.5%), and the mean age was 39 years (range 20–69 years) and IgE levels of ≤2.0 kIU/L with normal immunoglobulin (Ig) IgG, IgA, and IgM levels.
Results: A total of 40 patients , 27 females (67.5 %) and 13 males (32.5%), were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 39 ±13.06 years (range 20–69). In the present study, 35% of patients had an autoimmune disease (N:14), however 65% of patients did not have any autoimmune disease (N:26). Hashimoto’s thyroiditis being the most frequent (N:6) in 15% which is followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (N:3) in 7.5%, celiac disease (N: 2) in 5%, chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) (N:1) in 2.5%, vitiligo (N:1) in 2.5%, type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) (N:1) in 2.5%.
Conclusion: SIgED, should be defined clearly with cut-off values of IgE. Physicians should show more attention to the low IgE values and investigate patients about autoimmune diseases which can be seen together with SIgED. More studies should be conducted to investigate associated diseases with SIgED.

Keywords

Immunoglobulin E, Autoimmune disease, Selective Immunglobulin E deficiency

Selektif IgE Eksikliği ve Otoimmun Hastalık İlişkisi

Abstract

Giriş ve Amaç: Selektif IgE eksikliği (SIgED), günümüzde diğer immünglobulin düzeyleri normal olan bir hastada serum IgE düzeylerinde (≤2 kIU/L) anlamlı bir azalma olarak tanımlanmaktadır. SIgED'in klinik spektrumu hala bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada bir üniversite hastanesinin alerji ve immünoloji kliniğinde SIgED ile otoimmün hastalıklar arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Metod: 27'si kadın (%67,5) yaş ortalaması 39 (dağılım 20-69) ve IgE düzeyi ≤2,0 kIU/L iken immünglobülin (Ig) IgG, IgA ve IgM seviyeleri normal olan 40 hastanın tıbbi kayıtlarından elde edilen veriler retrospektif olarak incelendi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 27'si kadın (%67,5) ve 13'ü erkek (%32,5) olmak üzere toplam 40 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 39±13,06 yıl (dağılım 20-69) idi. Çalışmamızda hastaların %35'inde otoimmün hastalık mevcuttu (N:14), ancak hastaların %65'inde herhangi bir otoimmün hastalık yoktu (N:26). Hashimoto tiroiditi %15 ile en sık görülen (N:6) olup, bunu %7,5 ile sistemik lupus eritematozus (SLE) (N:3), %5 ile çölyak hastalığı (N:2), kronik spontan ürtiker (KSU) (N:1) %2,5, vitiligo (N:1) %2,5, tip 1 diyabet (DM) (N:1) %2,5 takip etmektedir.
Sonuçlar: SIgED, IgE için belirlenecek eşik değerleri ile net bir şekilde tanımlanmalıdır. Hekimlerin düşük IgE değerlerine daha fazla dikkat etmesi ve hastaları SIgED ile birlikte görülebilen otoimmün hastalıklar açısından araştırmaları gerekmektedir. SIgED ile ilişkili hastalıkların araştırılması için daha fazla çalışma yapılmalıdır.

Keywords

İmmunglobulin E, Otoimmun hastalık, Selektif İmmunglobulin E eksikliği

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