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Determinants of Well-being of Turkish Entrepreneurs: An Assessment Based on Entrepreneurial Perception, Motives, and Innovation

Year 2016, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 1 - 16, 01.12.2016

Abstract

An increasing number of individuals all around the world are motivated towards self-employment. These individuals start new businesses in search of more independence, better organization of work and household responsibilities, and better finances that are expected to lead to higher satisfaction with their lives and jobs. This study explores the key measures of well-being of such entrepreneurs using data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor on Turkish entrepreneurship activities for the year 2013. Findings of this study shed light on the key factors that are mostly related to well-being from the perspective of an emerging economy. The results of the empirical analyses of over 2,000 cases highlight the positive association of opportunity driven motives, entrepreneurial perception of skills to start a business, and innovativeness to well-being.

References

  • Amit, R. & Muller, E. (1995). “Push” and “pull” entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 12 (4), 64-80.
  • Amoros, J.E. & Bosma, N. (2013). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2013 Global Report.
  • Andersson, P. (2008). Happiness and health: Well-being among the selfemployed. Journal of Socio-Economics, 37 (1), 213–236.
  • Benz, M. & Frey, B. (2008). Being Independent is a Great Thing: Subjective Evaluations of Self-Employment and Hierarchy. Economica, 75 (2): 362–383.
  • Bhola, R, Verheul, I, Thurik, A.R & Grilo, I. (2006). Explaining engagement levels of opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs. Retrieved August 22, 2016 from http://repub.eur.nl/pub/9705
  • Binder, M. & Coad, A. (2013). Life satisfaction and self-employment: a matching approach. Small Business Economics, 40 (4), 1009–1033.
  • Block, J. & Koellinger, P. (2009). I can’t get no satisfaction—Necessity entrepreneurship and procedural utility. Kyklos, 62 (2), 191–209.
  • Block, J.H. & Sandner, P.G. (2007). Necessity and Opportunity Entrepreneurs and Their Duration in Self-Employment: Evidence from German Micro Data. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 9 (2), 117–137.
  • Bosma, N. (2013). The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and its impact on entrepreneurship research. Foundations and Trends(T) in Entrepreneurship, 9 (2), 143–248.
  • Carree, M. & Verheul, I. (2012). What makes entrepreneurs happy? Determinants of satisfaction among founders. Journal of Happiness Studies, 13 (2), 371–387.
  • Cooper, A. C. & Artz, K. W. (1995). Determinants of satisfaction for entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 10 (6), 439–457.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95 (3), 542–575.
  • Diener, E., Suh, E.M., Lucas, R.E. & Smith, H.L. (1999). Subjective Well-Being: Three Decades of Progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125 (2), 276–302.
  • Frey, B. S. & Stutzer, A. (2002). Happiness and economics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Gazioglu, S. & Tansel, A. (2006). Job Satisfaction in Britain: Individual and Job Related Factors. Applied Economics, 38 (10), 1163-1171.
  • Hessels, J., van Gelderen, M. & Thurik, R. (2008). Entrepreneurial Aspirations, Motivations, and their Drivers. Small Business Economics. 31 (3), 323–339.
  • Karadeniz, E. (2010). Entrepreneurship in Turkey, Global Entrepreneurship Turkey Report. Retrieved August 22, 2016 from http://www.gemconsortium.org/ country-profile/116
  • Koellinger, P. (2008). Why are some entrepreneurs more innovative than others? Small Business Economics, 31 (1), 21–37.
  • Layard, R. (2011). Happiness: Lessons from a new science. London: Penguin Books. Mahadea, D. & Ramroop, S. (2015). Influences on happiness and subjective wellbeing of entrepreneurs and labour: Kwazulu-Natal case study. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 18 (2), 245–259.
  • Naude, W., Amoros, J.E. & Cristi, O. (2014). “Surfeiting, the appetite may sicken”: entrepreneurship and happiness. Small Business Economics, 42 (3), 523–540.
  • Parasuraman, S. & Simmers, C.A. (2001). Type of Employment, Work-Family Conflict and Well-Being: A Comparative Study. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 22 (5), 551–568.
  • Reynolds, P.D., Bygrave, W.D., Autio, E., Cox, L.W. & Hay, M. (2002). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, 2002 Executive Report.
  • Saiz-Alvarez, J.M., Martinez, A.C. & Martinez, C.C. (2014). An entrepreneurial well-being model based on GEM data for Spain. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Multimedia, 2 (5), 38–47
  • Salinas-Jimenez, M., Artes, J. & Salinas-Jimenez, J. (2010). Income, motivation, and satisfaction with life: An empirical analysis. Journal of Happiness Studies, 11 (6), 779–793.
  • Schott, T. & Jensen, K.W. (2016). Firms’ innovation benefiting from networking and institutional support: A global analysis of national and firm effects. Research Policy, 45 (6), 1233-1246.
  • Smith-Hunter, A., Kapp, J. & Yonkers, V. (2003). A psychological model of entrepreneurial behavior. Journal of the Academy of Business and Economics, 2 (2), 180– 192.
  • VandenHeuvel, A. & Wooden, M. (1997). Self-employed contractors and job satisfaction. Journal of Small Business Management, 35 (3), 11–20.
  • Zali, M.R., Faghih, N., Ghotbi, S. & Rajaie, S. (2013). The effect of necessity and opportunity driven entrepreneurship on business growth. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 7 (2), 100-108.
  • Zbierowski, P. (2014). Well-being of Entrepreneurs- International Comparison Based on GEM Data. Journal of Positive Management, 5 (4), 89-100.

Türk Girişimcilerin Refah Düzeylerinin Belirleyicileri: Girişimcilik Algısı, Güdüler ve İnovasyona Dayalı bir Değerlendirme

Year 2016, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 1 - 16, 01.12.2016

Abstract

Bütün dünyada sayıları gitgide artan bireyler kendi işlerini kurmak için harekete geçmektedir. Bu bireyler hayatları ve işlerinde daha fazla tatmin olmak beklentisi ile daha fazla bağımsızlık, iş ve ev ile ilgili sorumluluklarının daha iyi organize edilmesi, ve daha iyi finansman arayışları doğrultusunda yeni işler kurmaktadır. Bu çalışma Global Girişimcilik Monitor veritabanının 2013 yılı Türk girişimcilik faaliyetleri üzerindeki verisini kullanarak böyle girişimcilerin refah düzeylerininin kilit ölçütlerini araştırmaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları gelişmekte olan bir ekonomi perspektifinden refah düzeyleri ile en çok ilişkili kilit faktörlere ışık tutmaktadır. GEM veritabanından elde edilen verinin ampirik analizlerinin sonuçları fırsat dürtülü güdüler, yeni bir işi başlatma becerilerinin girişimcilik algısı, ve yenilikçilik ile refah düzeyi arasındaki pozitif ilişkiye işaret etmektedir.

References

  • Amit, R. & Muller, E. (1995). “Push” and “pull” entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 12 (4), 64-80.
  • Amoros, J.E. & Bosma, N. (2013). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2013 Global Report.
  • Andersson, P. (2008). Happiness and health: Well-being among the selfemployed. Journal of Socio-Economics, 37 (1), 213–236.
  • Benz, M. & Frey, B. (2008). Being Independent is a Great Thing: Subjective Evaluations of Self-Employment and Hierarchy. Economica, 75 (2): 362–383.
  • Bhola, R, Verheul, I, Thurik, A.R & Grilo, I. (2006). Explaining engagement levels of opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs. Retrieved August 22, 2016 from http://repub.eur.nl/pub/9705
  • Binder, M. & Coad, A. (2013). Life satisfaction and self-employment: a matching approach. Small Business Economics, 40 (4), 1009–1033.
  • Block, J. & Koellinger, P. (2009). I can’t get no satisfaction—Necessity entrepreneurship and procedural utility. Kyklos, 62 (2), 191–209.
  • Block, J.H. & Sandner, P.G. (2007). Necessity and Opportunity Entrepreneurs and Their Duration in Self-Employment: Evidence from German Micro Data. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 9 (2), 117–137.
  • Bosma, N. (2013). The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and its impact on entrepreneurship research. Foundations and Trends(T) in Entrepreneurship, 9 (2), 143–248.
  • Carree, M. & Verheul, I. (2012). What makes entrepreneurs happy? Determinants of satisfaction among founders. Journal of Happiness Studies, 13 (2), 371–387.
  • Cooper, A. C. & Artz, K. W. (1995). Determinants of satisfaction for entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 10 (6), 439–457.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95 (3), 542–575.
  • Diener, E., Suh, E.M., Lucas, R.E. & Smith, H.L. (1999). Subjective Well-Being: Three Decades of Progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125 (2), 276–302.
  • Frey, B. S. & Stutzer, A. (2002). Happiness and economics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Gazioglu, S. & Tansel, A. (2006). Job Satisfaction in Britain: Individual and Job Related Factors. Applied Economics, 38 (10), 1163-1171.
  • Hessels, J., van Gelderen, M. & Thurik, R. (2008). Entrepreneurial Aspirations, Motivations, and their Drivers. Small Business Economics. 31 (3), 323–339.
  • Karadeniz, E. (2010). Entrepreneurship in Turkey, Global Entrepreneurship Turkey Report. Retrieved August 22, 2016 from http://www.gemconsortium.org/ country-profile/116
  • Koellinger, P. (2008). Why are some entrepreneurs more innovative than others? Small Business Economics, 31 (1), 21–37.
  • Layard, R. (2011). Happiness: Lessons from a new science. London: Penguin Books. Mahadea, D. & Ramroop, S. (2015). Influences on happiness and subjective wellbeing of entrepreneurs and labour: Kwazulu-Natal case study. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 18 (2), 245–259.
  • Naude, W., Amoros, J.E. & Cristi, O. (2014). “Surfeiting, the appetite may sicken”: entrepreneurship and happiness. Small Business Economics, 42 (3), 523–540.
  • Parasuraman, S. & Simmers, C.A. (2001). Type of Employment, Work-Family Conflict and Well-Being: A Comparative Study. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 22 (5), 551–568.
  • Reynolds, P.D., Bygrave, W.D., Autio, E., Cox, L.W. & Hay, M. (2002). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, 2002 Executive Report.
  • Saiz-Alvarez, J.M., Martinez, A.C. & Martinez, C.C. (2014). An entrepreneurial well-being model based on GEM data for Spain. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Multimedia, 2 (5), 38–47
  • Salinas-Jimenez, M., Artes, J. & Salinas-Jimenez, J. (2010). Income, motivation, and satisfaction with life: An empirical analysis. Journal of Happiness Studies, 11 (6), 779–793.
  • Schott, T. & Jensen, K.W. (2016). Firms’ innovation benefiting from networking and institutional support: A global analysis of national and firm effects. Research Policy, 45 (6), 1233-1246.
  • Smith-Hunter, A., Kapp, J. & Yonkers, V. (2003). A psychological model of entrepreneurial behavior. Journal of the Academy of Business and Economics, 2 (2), 180– 192.
  • VandenHeuvel, A. & Wooden, M. (1997). Self-employed contractors and job satisfaction. Journal of Small Business Management, 35 (3), 11–20.
  • Zali, M.R., Faghih, N., Ghotbi, S. & Rajaie, S. (2013). The effect of necessity and opportunity driven entrepreneurship on business growth. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 7 (2), 100-108.
  • Zbierowski, P. (2014). Well-being of Entrepreneurs- International Comparison Based on GEM Data. Journal of Positive Management, 5 (4), 89-100.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gökçen Arkalı Olcay This is me

Özlem Kunday This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Olcay, G. A., & Kunday, Ö. (2016). Determinants of Well-being of Turkish Entrepreneurs: An Assessment Based on Entrepreneurial Perception, Motives, and Innovation. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 5(2), 1-16.