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SIZINTI SUYUNDAKİ BAZI AĞIR METALLERİN MEVSİMSEL DEĞİŞİMİ VE OLASI ÇEVRESEL ETKİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 707 - 716, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1560060

Abstract

Düzenli depolama sahası sızıntı suları toprak sağlığı için önemli tehdit altındadır. Sızıntı suyunda bulunan ağır metaller hem insanlar üzerinde hem de kara ekosistemi üzerinde negatif etkiler yaratmaktadır. Sızıntı sularının kirlilik konsantrasyonu çevresel ve depolanan atık içeriği gibi faktörler ile değişebilmektedir.
Bu çalışma kapsamında, Niğde ili katı atık düzenli depolama alanı sızıntı sularından bir yıl boyunca (Kasım 2022-Ekim 2023) haftalık olarak numune alınarak, içerisindeki Fe, Pb, Zn ağır metallerin oluşumunu ve mevsimsel değişimini trend analiziyle inceleyerek, çevre sağlığı açısından değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Trend analizini yapmak amacıyla parametrik olmayan Mann-Kendall testi (MKT) ve Spearman’ın Rho testi (SRT) kullanılmıştır. Kirleticilerin trend analizini yapmak için kullanılacak bilgisayar yazılımı “Trend Analysis for Windows”, Delphi 7.0 programlama dilinden yararlanılmıştır. Kirletici parametrelere MK ve SR Testi ve Sen’in Trend Eğim metodu %95 güven seviyesinde uygulanmıştır. Kirleticilerin polinomsal lineer regresyon analizi yapılarak R2 sırasıyla 0.93, 0.89 ve 0.33 hesaplanmıştır. Sızıntı suyundaki bu ağır metaller mevsimsel olarak farklılık göstermişlerdir. Analizler sonucu genç-orta yaş aralığında bulunan bir deponi alanı için ağır metal konsantrasyonları normal değerlerde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Deponi alanında sızıntı su havuzundan suların atıksu kanalizasyon aracılığıyla ildeki ileri biyolojik atıksu arıtma tesisine gönderilmekte olduğu için olası bir çevre sağlığı riski taşımamaktadır.

References

  • Alberto, Á. A., Sugey, L. M., Ana, R. R. L., Eduardo, S L. H., Carlos, M M. B., Emanuel, H. N., 2022. Analysis of Chrysopogon zizanioides used as floating treatment wetlands in the removal of heavy metals present in leachate. Remediation Journal, 33, 1, 77-86.
  • Bağdatlı, M. C., Arslan, O., 2021. Classification and Mapping of Land Use and Some Soil Properties in Kırşehir Province, Turkey. International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research (IJETMR), 8, 8, 81-93.
  • Ballı, Y., Bağdatlı, C., 2021. İç Anadolu bölgesinde şebekeden deşarj edilen atıksu miktarlarının yıllar bazındaki değişim seyri ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) yardımıyla mekansal analizi, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi.
  • Beinabaj, S. M. H., Heydariyan, H., Aleii, H. M., Hosseinzadeh, A., 2023. Concentration of heavy metals in leachate, soil, and plants in Tehran’s landfill: Investigation of the effect of landfill age on the intensity of pollution. Heliyon, 9, 1.
  • Carvajal-Flórez, E., Oakley, S., 2023. Coffee pulp characterization and treatment as adsorbent material for heavy metal removal from landfill leachates. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 20, 8, 8241-8260.
  • Chan, M.-Y., Tee, C.-S., Chai, T.-T., Sim, Y.-L., Beh, W.-L., 2022. Evaluation of electro-assisted phytoremediation (EAPR) system for heavy metal removal from synthetic leachate using Pistia stratiotes. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 24, 13, 1376-1384.
  • Detho, A., Kadir, A. A., Memon, A. A., Laghari, A. N., 2023. Experimental Approach for Ammonia and COD Removal from Leachate via Adsorption by Carbon Mineral Adsorbent. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 14, 11, 3529-3538.
  • Dos Santos, J. M., Amaral, L. M., Martinho, G., 2023. Effects of landfill age, climate, and size on leachate from urban waste landfills in Portugal: A statistics and machine learning analysis. Waste Management, 172, 192-207.
  • Er, R. N., Uğurlu, B., Bayram, U., 2021. Akıllı Evlerdeki Cihazların Enerji Tüketimine Göre Kaynağının Belirlenmesi. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3, 1, 47-58.
  • Essien, J. P., Ikpe, D. I., Inam, E. D., Okon, A. O., Ebong, G. A., Benson N. U., 2022. Occurrence and spatial distribution of heavy metals in landfill leachates and impacted freshwater ecosystem: An environmental and human health threat. Plos one, 17, 2, e0263279.
  • Faheem, K., Khan, S., Washeem, M., Khan, S., 2021. Energy efficient removal of COD from landfill leachate wastewater using electrocoagulation: parametric optimization using RSM. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 1-12.
  • Francisca, F. M., Glatstein, D. A., 2020. Environmental application of basic oxygen furnace slag for the removal of heavy metals from leachates. Journal of hazardous materials, 384, 121294.
  • Guo, Q., Majeed, S., Xu, R., Zhang, K., Kakade, A., Khan, A., . . . Li, X., 2019. Heavy metals interact with the microbial community and affect biogas production in anaerobic digestion: A review. Journal of environmental management, 240, 266-272.
  • Gümüş, V., 2006. Fırat havzası akımlarının trend analizi ile değerlendirilmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Harran Üniversitesi
  • İşcan, N., 2021. Niğde ili yeraltı su kirliliği, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2003a. Aerobic biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by fed-batch operation. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 33, 588–595.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2003b. Powdered activated carbon added biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate in a fed-batch reactor. Biotechnology Letters 25: 695–699.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2003c. Simultaneous adsorption and biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by fed-batch operation. Process Biochemistry 38, 1413-1420.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2004a. Adsorbent supplemented biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by fed-batch operation. Bioresource Technology 94, 285–291.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2004b. Repeated fed-batch biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by powdered activated carbon addition. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 34, 422–428.
  • Kooch, Y., Nouraei, A., Haghverdi, K., Kolb S., Francaviglia, R., 2023. Landfill leachate has multiple negative impacts on soil health indicators in Hyrcanian forest, northern Iran. Science of The Total Environment, 896, 166341.
  • Özbek, Z., 2010. Topraktaki ağır metaller için sınır değerlerin uygulanabilirliğinin araştırılması, İTÜ. Samadi, M. T., Leili, M., Asgari, G., Chavoshi, S., 2024. The potential of Phragmites australis to bioaccumulation and translocate heavy metals from landfill leachate. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 64, 105657.
  • Sarıyıldız, T., Savacı, G., 2023. Belediye katı atık döküm sahası çevresi orman topraklarında ağır metal konsantrasyonlarının değerlendirilmesi. Ulusal Çevre Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 6, 1, 32-45.
  • Tekoğul, H., 2023. Wastewater Treatment of Solid Waste Leachate and Production of Proteinaceous Biomass Using Duckweed Vegetation (Lemna minor). Journal of Coastal Research, 39, 2, 296-302.
  • Torkashvand, J., Godini, K., Norouzi, S., Gholami, M., Yeganeh, M., Farzadkia, M., 2021. Effect of cigarette butt on concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate: health and ecological risk assessment. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 19, 483-490.
  • Touzani, A., El Hammoudani, Y., Dimane, F., Tahiri, M., Haboubi, K., 2024. Characterization of Leachate and Assessment of the Leachate Pollution Index--A Study of the Controlled Landfill in Fez. Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology (EEET), 25, 4.
  • Ugwu, I. E., Okechukwu, M. E., Ogwo, V., Anyadike, C., Crowner, C., 2023. Bioremediation of dumpsite leachates and heavy metals contaminated groundwater using locally sourced organic wastes as reactive media. Present Environment & Sustainable Development, 17, 2.
  • Wijekoon, P., Koliyabandara, P. A., Cooray, A. T., Lam, S. S., Athapattu, B. C., Vithanage, M., 2022. Progress and prospects in mitigation of landfill leachate pollution: Risk, pollution potential, treatment and challenges. Journal of hazardous materials, 421, 126627.
  • Yalılı, M., Kestioğlu, K., Mert, B. K., 2006. Sızıntı sularının evsel atıksularla birlikte arıtılabilirliğinin respirometrik yöntemle izlenmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 11, 1.
  • Zakaria, Z., Fadzil, F. N. M., Mohamad, M. A. N., Hamid, A. A. A., Chowdhury, A. J. K., Harumain, Z. A. S., 2024. Metagenomıc Analysıs Of Bacterıal Communıtıes In Heavy Metal Leachate-Contamınated Soıls At Jalan Lıpıs Sanıtary Landfıll, Pahang, Malaysıa. Desalination and Water Treatment, 100512.
  • Zhang, R., Yang, S., An Y., Wang, Y., Lei, Y., Song, L., 2022. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in landfills: a review. Science of the Total Environment, 806, 150647.
  • Zheng, L., Lin, H., Dong, Y., Li, B., Lu, Y., 2023. A promising approach for simultaneous removal of ammonia and multiple heavy metals from landfill leachate by carbonate precipitating bacterium. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 456, 131662.

INVESTIGATION OF SEASONAL VARIATION OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN LEACHATE AND POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 707 - 716, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1560060

Abstract

Sanitary landfill leachate poses a significant threat to soil health. Heavy metals found in leachate have negative effects on both humans and the land ecosystem. The pollution concentration of leachate may vary depending on factors such as environmental and stored waste content. Within the scope of this study, samples were taken weekly from the Niğde province solid waste landfill leachate for a year (November 2022-October 2023), and the formation and seasonal change of Fe, Pb, Zn heavy metals were examined with trend analysis and evaluated in terms of environmental health. Non-parametric Mann-Kendall test (MKT) and Spearman's Rho test (SRT) were used to perform trend analysis. The computer software "Trend Analysis for Windows" was selected for conducting trend analysis of pollutants was used in Delphi 7.0 programming language. MK and SR Test and Sen's Trend Slope method were applied to pollutant parameters at 95% confidence level. By performing polynomial linear regression analysis of the pollutants, R2 was calculated as 0.93, 0.89 and 0.33, respectively. These heavy metals in the leachate varied seasonally. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that heavy metal concentrations were at normal values for a landfill area in the young-middle age range. Since the water from the leachate pool in the landfill area is sent to the advanced biological wastewater treatment facility in the province through wastewater sewer, it does not pose a possible environmental health risk.

References

  • Alberto, Á. A., Sugey, L. M., Ana, R. R. L., Eduardo, S L. H., Carlos, M M. B., Emanuel, H. N., 2022. Analysis of Chrysopogon zizanioides used as floating treatment wetlands in the removal of heavy metals present in leachate. Remediation Journal, 33, 1, 77-86.
  • Bağdatlı, M. C., Arslan, O., 2021. Classification and Mapping of Land Use and Some Soil Properties in Kırşehir Province, Turkey. International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research (IJETMR), 8, 8, 81-93.
  • Ballı, Y., Bağdatlı, C., 2021. İç Anadolu bölgesinde şebekeden deşarj edilen atıksu miktarlarının yıllar bazındaki değişim seyri ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) yardımıyla mekansal analizi, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi.
  • Beinabaj, S. M. H., Heydariyan, H., Aleii, H. M., Hosseinzadeh, A., 2023. Concentration of heavy metals in leachate, soil, and plants in Tehran’s landfill: Investigation of the effect of landfill age on the intensity of pollution. Heliyon, 9, 1.
  • Carvajal-Flórez, E., Oakley, S., 2023. Coffee pulp characterization and treatment as adsorbent material for heavy metal removal from landfill leachates. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 20, 8, 8241-8260.
  • Chan, M.-Y., Tee, C.-S., Chai, T.-T., Sim, Y.-L., Beh, W.-L., 2022. Evaluation of electro-assisted phytoremediation (EAPR) system for heavy metal removal from synthetic leachate using Pistia stratiotes. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 24, 13, 1376-1384.
  • Detho, A., Kadir, A. A., Memon, A. A., Laghari, A. N., 2023. Experimental Approach for Ammonia and COD Removal from Leachate via Adsorption by Carbon Mineral Adsorbent. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 14, 11, 3529-3538.
  • Dos Santos, J. M., Amaral, L. M., Martinho, G., 2023. Effects of landfill age, climate, and size on leachate from urban waste landfills in Portugal: A statistics and machine learning analysis. Waste Management, 172, 192-207.
  • Er, R. N., Uğurlu, B., Bayram, U., 2021. Akıllı Evlerdeki Cihazların Enerji Tüketimine Göre Kaynağının Belirlenmesi. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3, 1, 47-58.
  • Essien, J. P., Ikpe, D. I., Inam, E. D., Okon, A. O., Ebong, G. A., Benson N. U., 2022. Occurrence and spatial distribution of heavy metals in landfill leachates and impacted freshwater ecosystem: An environmental and human health threat. Plos one, 17, 2, e0263279.
  • Faheem, K., Khan, S., Washeem, M., Khan, S., 2021. Energy efficient removal of COD from landfill leachate wastewater using electrocoagulation: parametric optimization using RSM. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 1-12.
  • Francisca, F. M., Glatstein, D. A., 2020. Environmental application of basic oxygen furnace slag for the removal of heavy metals from leachates. Journal of hazardous materials, 384, 121294.
  • Guo, Q., Majeed, S., Xu, R., Zhang, K., Kakade, A., Khan, A., . . . Li, X., 2019. Heavy metals interact with the microbial community and affect biogas production in anaerobic digestion: A review. Journal of environmental management, 240, 266-272.
  • Gümüş, V., 2006. Fırat havzası akımlarının trend analizi ile değerlendirilmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Harran Üniversitesi
  • İşcan, N., 2021. Niğde ili yeraltı su kirliliği, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2003a. Aerobic biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by fed-batch operation. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 33, 588–595.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2003b. Powdered activated carbon added biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate in a fed-batch reactor. Biotechnology Letters 25: 695–699.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2003c. Simultaneous adsorption and biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by fed-batch operation. Process Biochemistry 38, 1413-1420.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2004a. Adsorbent supplemented biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by fed-batch operation. Bioresource Technology 94, 285–291.
  • Kargi, F., Pamukoglu, M.Y., 2004b. Repeated fed-batch biological treatment of pre-treated landfill leachate by powdered activated carbon addition. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 34, 422–428.
  • Kooch, Y., Nouraei, A., Haghverdi, K., Kolb S., Francaviglia, R., 2023. Landfill leachate has multiple negative impacts on soil health indicators in Hyrcanian forest, northern Iran. Science of The Total Environment, 896, 166341.
  • Özbek, Z., 2010. Topraktaki ağır metaller için sınır değerlerin uygulanabilirliğinin araştırılması, İTÜ. Samadi, M. T., Leili, M., Asgari, G., Chavoshi, S., 2024. The potential of Phragmites australis to bioaccumulation and translocate heavy metals from landfill leachate. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 64, 105657.
  • Sarıyıldız, T., Savacı, G., 2023. Belediye katı atık döküm sahası çevresi orman topraklarında ağır metal konsantrasyonlarının değerlendirilmesi. Ulusal Çevre Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 6, 1, 32-45.
  • Tekoğul, H., 2023. Wastewater Treatment of Solid Waste Leachate and Production of Proteinaceous Biomass Using Duckweed Vegetation (Lemna minor). Journal of Coastal Research, 39, 2, 296-302.
  • Torkashvand, J., Godini, K., Norouzi, S., Gholami, M., Yeganeh, M., Farzadkia, M., 2021. Effect of cigarette butt on concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate: health and ecological risk assessment. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 19, 483-490.
  • Touzani, A., El Hammoudani, Y., Dimane, F., Tahiri, M., Haboubi, K., 2024. Characterization of Leachate and Assessment of the Leachate Pollution Index--A Study of the Controlled Landfill in Fez. Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology (EEET), 25, 4.
  • Ugwu, I. E., Okechukwu, M. E., Ogwo, V., Anyadike, C., Crowner, C., 2023. Bioremediation of dumpsite leachates and heavy metals contaminated groundwater using locally sourced organic wastes as reactive media. Present Environment & Sustainable Development, 17, 2.
  • Wijekoon, P., Koliyabandara, P. A., Cooray, A. T., Lam, S. S., Athapattu, B. C., Vithanage, M., 2022. Progress and prospects in mitigation of landfill leachate pollution: Risk, pollution potential, treatment and challenges. Journal of hazardous materials, 421, 126627.
  • Yalılı, M., Kestioğlu, K., Mert, B. K., 2006. Sızıntı sularının evsel atıksularla birlikte arıtılabilirliğinin respirometrik yöntemle izlenmesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 11, 1.
  • Zakaria, Z., Fadzil, F. N. M., Mohamad, M. A. N., Hamid, A. A. A., Chowdhury, A. J. K., Harumain, Z. A. S., 2024. Metagenomıc Analysıs Of Bacterıal Communıtıes In Heavy Metal Leachate-Contamınated Soıls At Jalan Lıpıs Sanıtary Landfıll, Pahang, Malaysıa. Desalination and Water Treatment, 100512.
  • Zhang, R., Yang, S., An Y., Wang, Y., Lei, Y., Song, L., 2022. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in landfills: a review. Science of the Total Environment, 806, 150647.
  • Zheng, L., Lin, H., Dong, Y., Li, B., Lu, Y., 2023. A promising approach for simultaneous removal of ammonia and multiple heavy metals from landfill leachate by carbonate precipitating bacterium. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 456, 131662.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Solid and Hazardous Wastes
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gülden Gök 0000-0002-1692-8722

Oya Özel Gürbüz 0000-0002-7590-2696

Publication Date December 25, 2024
Submission Date October 2, 2024
Acceptance Date October 21, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Gök, G., & Özel Gürbüz, O. (2024). SIZINTI SUYUNDAKİ BAZI AĞIR METALLERİN MEVSİMSEL DEĞİŞİMİ VE OLASI ÇEVRESEL ETKİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI. Mühendislik Bilimleri Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 12(4), 707-716. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.1560060