Investigation of respiratory muscle function, pulmonary function, and exercise capacity in women and men with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 177 - 185, 29.12.2023

Şahveren Çakartaş Deniz İnal İnce , Bahar Kaymakamzade , Melda Sağlam , Finn Rasmussen

https://doi.org/10.15437/jetr.1211009

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate electromyography respiratory muscle function, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function and exercise capacity in women and men with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS).
Method: Nineteen patients (mean age=54.68±13.15 years, 10 M, 9 F) were included in the study. Apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest oxygen saturation (SpO2) values were recorded from the polysomnography (PSG) evaluation. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) values were recorded from pulmonary function test. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were measured. Respiratory muscle function was evaluated using diaphragmatic superficial electromyography (EMGdi) and sternocleidomastoid electromyography (EMGscm) measurements. Six-minute walk test (6MWT) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was performed.
Results: Male OSAS patients’ FEV1, FVC, MEP, EMGdi, EMGscm values, and 6MWT distance were significantly higher than those of female OSAS patients (p<0.05). In males, AHI and the lowest SpO2 during sleep were correlated (r=-0.659, p=0.038). In females with OSAS, AHI was significantly related to the lowest SpO2 (r=-0.678) and MIP (r=0.904, p<0.05). MIP and 6DYT distance were significantly correlated in females (r=-0.762, p=0.017).
Conclusion: Lung function, respiratory muscle strength, diaphragmatic function, and exercise capacity are more adversely affected in female OSAS patients than in males. The diaphragmatic function could be evaluated in OSAS and could contribute to the direction of the treatment program.

Keywords

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, Electromyography, Exercise capacity, Respiratory function tests

Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu olan kadın ve erkeklerde respiratuar kas fonksiyonu, solunum fonksiyonları ve egzersiz kapasitesinin incelenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromu (OUAS) tanısı almış kadın ve erkek hastalarda elektromiyografik respiratuar kas fonksiyonu, solunum kas kuvveti, solunum fonksiyonları ve egzersiz kapasitenin karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya 19 OUAS olgusu (yaş ortalaması=54,68±13,15 yıl, 10 E, 9 K) dahil edildi. Polisomnografi (PSG) değerlendirmesinden apne/hipopne indeksi (AHİ) ve en düşük oksijen satürasyonu (SpO2) değerleri kaydedildi. Solunum fonksiyon testinde birinci saniyedeki zorlu ekspirasyon volümü (FEV1) ve zorlu vital kapasite (FVC) değerleri kaydedildi. Maksimal inspiratuar basınç (MIP) ve maksimal ekspiratuar basınç (MEP) ölçüldü. Respiratuar kas fonksiyonu, diyafragma yüzeyel elektromiyografi (EMGdi) ve sternoclediomasteoid elektromiyografi (EMGscm) ölçümleri ile değerlendirildi. Altı dakika yürüme testi (6DYT) ve Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKİ) uygulandı.
Bulgular: Erkek OUAS hastalarının FEV1, FVC, %MIP, MEP, EMGdi, EMGscm ve 6DYT mesafesi değerleri kadın olgulardan daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Erkeklerde AHİ ve uyku sırasındaki en düşük SpO2 değeri ilişkiydi (r=-0,659, p=0,038). Kadın OUAS olgularında AHİ, en düşük SpO2 değeri (r=-0,678) ve MIP değeri (r=0,904) ile anlamlı ilişki gösterdi (p<0,05). Kadınlarda MIP ve 6DYT mesafesi arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon vardı (r=-0,762, p=0,017).
Sonuç: Kadın OUAS olgularında solunum fonksiyonları solunum kas kuvveti ve diyafragmatik fonksiyon ve egzersiz kapasitesi erkek olgulara göre daha fazla etkilenmektedir. OUAS’ta diyafragmatik fonksiyon değerlendirilerek tedavi programının yönlendirilmesine katkı sağlayabilir.

Keywords

Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu, Elektromiyografi, Egzersiz kapasitesi, Solunum fonksiyon testleri

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