Mersing-Malezya ormanındaki farklı sıklıkta Shorea peltata Sym. altında toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin araştırılması
Abstract
Güneydoğu Asya'da tropikal yağmur ormanlarının toprak özellikleri çeşitli araştırmacılar tarafından araştırılmıştır. Ancak, rehabilitasyon programı kapsamında toprak özelliklerine ait ampirik veriler hala sınırlıdır ve hatta eksiktir. Bu araştırmanın amacı Malezya’daki Johor Bahru, Tenggaroh Ormanı Rezerv Alanında, farklı sıklıktaki Shorea peltata ile toprak fiziksel özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Yirmi adet 50 x 50 m boyutunda (A) nadir, (B) düşük, (C) orta ve (D) yüksek sıklıkta olmak üzere deneme alanları oluşturulmuştur. Her deneme alanında 10 alt parsel ayrılmış ve bunların içinden 5 alt parsel rastgele seçilmiştir. Toprak örnekleri sonda ile 0 – 15 cm derinlikten alınarak 0 – 10 cm örneklenmiştir. Toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin sonuçları gruplar arasında önem düzeyinde anlamlı farklılık göstermektedir. Toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin arasındaki ilişki (korelasyon) için analiz edilen nem içeriği, hacim ağırlığı, tane yoğunluğu, toz ve kil Shorea peltata türlerinin dağılımında önemli faktörler olduğunu göstermektedir.
References
- Archard, F., Eva, H.D., Stibig, H.J., Mayaux, P., Gallego, J., 2002. Determination of deforestation rates of the world’s humid tropical forests. Science 297: 999-1002. DOI: 10.1126/science. 1070656.
- Armstrong, W., 1975. Water logged soils. In J.R. Etherington (Ed.). Environment and Plant Ecology (pp. 181-218). London: Wiley.
- Bachman, R., Paternoster, R. 1997. StatisticalMethods for Criminology and Criminal Justice (2nd edition) New York: MCGraw-Hill Company.
- Blake, G.R., Hartge, K.H., 1986. Bulk density. In A. Klute (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I. Physical and Mineralogical Methods (pp. 363-375), Wisconsin: ASA-SSSA.
- Brady, N.C., 1984. The Nature and Properties of Soils (9th ed.).USA: New York, Macmillan.
- Brady, N.C., Weil, R.R., 1999. The Nature and Properties of Soils (12th ed.), USA: New Jersey, Upper Saddle River.
- Buckman, H., Brady, O., Nyle, C., 1960. The Nature and Properties of Soils - A College Text of Edaphology (6th ed.) New York: The MacMillan Company.
- Butler, R.A., 2006. Malaysia to phase out Borneo logging in parts of Sabah State. Mongabay.com. http://news.mongabay.com/2006/0316-sabah.html.
- Charman, P.E.V., Murphy, B.W., 1998. Soils their Properties and Management (5th ed.). Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
- Day, P.R., 1965. Particle fractionation and particle-size analysis. In C.A. Black (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis (pp. 545-567) Part 1: American Society of Agronomy, Madison: Wisconsin, Inc.
- Dennis, E.H., William, W., Stephen, G.J., 2002. Applying statistical concepts. In P.R. Anant (Ed.). Applied Statistical for the Behavioral Sciences (pp. 5-10). USA: New York, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
- FAO, 2005. Global forest resources assessment 2005: Progress towards sustainable forest management. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/a0400e/ a0400e00.htm.
- Foth, H.D., 1990. Fundamental of Soil Science (8th ed.). USA:New York, John Wiley and Sons.
- Fujiwara, K., 1987. Aims and methods of phytosociology of vegetation science. Plant Ecology and Taxonomy 5: 606- 628.
- Gee, G.W., Bauder, J.W., 1986. Particle-size analysis. In A.L. Page (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis, Part1, Physical and Mineralogical Methods (pp. 383-411). Madison, Agronomy Monograph.
- Greacen, E.L., Sands, R., 1980. Compaction of forest soils. A review: Australian Journal of Soil Research 18: 163- 169.
- Guggenheim, S., Martin, R.T., 1995. Definition of clay and clay mineral: Joint report of the AIPEA nomenclature and CMS nomenclature committees. Clays Clay Miner 43: 255-256.
- Hatchell, G.E., Ralston, C.H., Foil, R.R., 1970. Soil disturbances in logging forest. Soil Science 68: 772-775.
- Hassink, J., Whitmore, A.P., 1997. A model of physical protection of organic matter in soil. Soil Science Society of American Journal 61:131-1392.
- Hobbie, E.A., Colpaert, J.V., 2003. Nitrogen availability and colonization by mycorrhizal fungi correlate with nitrogen ısotope patterns in plants. New Photobiology 157: 115–126.
- Jomo, K.S., Chang, Y.T., Khoo, K.J., 2004. Deforesting Malaysia: The Political Economy and Social Ecology of Agriculture Expansion and Commercial Logging. 1st Edn., Zed Books Limited, New York, ISBN: 978-1842774663, pp: 304.
- Johnson, D.W., Cheng, W., Ball, J.T., 2000. Effects of CO2 and nitrogen fertilization on decomposition and N immobilization in Ponderosa Pine litter. Plant and Soil Science 224: 115-122.
- Jones, C.A., 1983. Effect of soil texture on critical bulk densities for root growth. Soil Science Society of American Journal 47: 1208-1211.
- Laker, M.C., Dupreez, C.C., 1982. An investigation into the accuracy of hydrometers for soil particle-size determination. Agroplantae14: 17-22.
- Mayaux, P., Holmgren, P., Archard, F., Eva, H., Stibig, H.J., 2005. Tropical forests cover change in the 1990s and options for future monitoring. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360: 373-384. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2004.1590.
- Munshower, F.F., 1993. Practical Handbook of Disturbed Land Revegetation. USA, Florida, Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers.
- Ohta, S., Effendi, S., 1992. Ultisols of “Lowland dipterocarp forest” in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. II. Status of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 38: 207-216.
- Ohta, S., 1989. Influence of deforestation on the soils of the Pantabangan Area, Central Luzon, the Philippines. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 36: 561-573.
- Paul, R., 2002. Observational studies.In P. Cohn, P. Harris, W. Barry, R. Rosati, and C. Waternaux (Eds.). Handbook of Engineering Statistics. New York: Springer-Verlag.
- Takahashi, M., Kobayashi, S., Aizawa, S., Yoshinaga, S., Jilli, R.H., 1994. Ultisols under secondary mixed Dipterocarp forest in Brunei and their nutritional characteristics. Bulletin of the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 366: 57-78.
- Ter Braak, C.J.F., Verdonschot, P.F.M., 1995. Canonical correspondence analysis and related multivariate methods in aquatic ecology. Aquatic Science 57: 255-289.
- Wayne, B., Quirine, K., Steve, A., Jonathan, R., Renuka, R., Steve, D., 2007. A soil textural triangle is used to determine soil textural class from the percentages of sand, silt and clay in the soil. Soil Science Society of American Journal 2: 73-79.
- Whitmore, T.C., 1998. An Introduction to Tropical Rain Forests. 2nd Edn., Oxford University Press, New York, ISBN: 978-0198501473, pp: 282.
- Williams, S.M., Primack, R.B., 1999. Phylogeny of the tropical tree family Dipterocarpaceaebased on nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast RBCL gene. American Journal of Botany 86: 11-82.
- Woodward, C.L., 1996. Soil compaction and topsoil removal effects on soil properties and seedling growth. Forest Ecology and Management 82: 197-209.
- Wyatt-Smith, J., 1961. A note on the fresh-water swamp, lowland and hill forest types of Malaysia. Malayan Forest 24: 110-121.
Investigation of soil physical properties under Shorea peltata sym in Tengaroh Forest Reserve, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Abstract
Investigation of soil physical properties under Shorea peltata sym in Tengaroh Forest Reserve, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Abstract: Soil properties of tropical rain forest in Southeast Asia have been characterized by several researchers. However, empirical data on soil characteristics under rehabilitation program are still limited or even lacking. A study was conducted to characterize the soil physical properties under different densities of Shorea peltata species. The objective of the research was to determine the relationship between Shorea peltata species and soil physical properties. Twenty observational plots, 50 X 50 m namely, rare (A), low (B), moderate (C) and high (D) densities were established. Each plot was divided into 10 subplots. Five subplots were selected randomly. Soil samples were collected using auger at 0 - 15 cm, and core-ring at 0 - 10 cm depth. The results show that there was a significant difference among the groups. Analysis of the relationship between soil physical properties and site variables showed that moisture content, bulk density, particle density, silt and clay were the important factors in the distribution of Shorea peltata species in the study sites.
Keywords: Shorea peltata sym, Soil moisture content, Bulk density, Porosity, soil compaction.
Mersing-Malezya ormanındaki farklı sıklıkta Shorea peltata Sym. altında toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin araştırılması
Özet: Güneydoğu Asya'da tropikal yağmur ormanlarının toprak özellikleri çeşitli araştırmacılar tarafından araştırılmıştır. Ancak, rehabilitasyon programı kapsamında toprak özelliklerine ait ampirik veriler hala sınırlıdır ve hatta eksiktir. Bu araştırmanın amacı Malezya’daki Johor Bahru, Tenggaroh Ormanı Rezerv Alanında, farklı sıklıktaki Shorea peltata ile toprak fiziksel özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Yirmi adet 50 X 50 m boyutunda (A) nadir, (B) düşük, (C) orta ve (D) yüksek sıklıkta olmak üzere deneme alanları oluşturulmuştur. Her deneme alanında 10 alt parsel ayrılmış ve bunların içinden 5 alt parsel rastgele seçilmiştir. Toprak örnekleri sonda ile 0 – 15 cm derinlikten alınarak 0 – 10 cm örneklenmiştir. Toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin sonuçları gruplar arasında önem düzeyinde anlamlı farklılık göstermektedir. Toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin arasındaki ilişki (korelasyon) için analiz edilen nem içeriği, hacim ağırlığı, tane yoğunluğu, toz ve kil Shorea peltata türlerinin dağılımında önemli faktörler olduğunu göstermektedir.
Anahtar kelimeler: Shorea peltata sym, toprak nem içeriği, hacim ağırlığı, gözeneklilik, toprak sıkışması
Received: 24.03.2015 - Revised: 16.04.2015 - Accepted: 18.04.2015
To cite this article: Abdalmoula, M.M., Alias, M.A., 2016. Investigation of soil physical properties under Shorea peltata sym in Tengaroh Forest Reserve, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 66(1): 198-210. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.39551
Keywords
References
- Archard, F., Eva, H.D., Stibig, H.J., Mayaux, P., Gallego, J., 2002. Determination of deforestation rates of the world’s humid tropical forests. Science 297: 999-1002. DOI: 10.1126/science. 1070656.
- Armstrong, W., 1975. Water logged soils. In J.R. Etherington (Ed.). Environment and Plant Ecology (pp. 181-218). London: Wiley.
- Bachman, R., Paternoster, R. 1997. StatisticalMethods for Criminology and Criminal Justice (2nd edition) New York: MCGraw-Hill Company.
- Blake, G.R., Hartge, K.H., 1986. Bulk density. In A. Klute (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I. Physical and Mineralogical Methods (pp. 363-375), Wisconsin: ASA-SSSA.
- Brady, N.C., 1984. The Nature and Properties of Soils (9th ed.).USA: New York, Macmillan.
- Brady, N.C., Weil, R.R., 1999. The Nature and Properties of Soils (12th ed.), USA: New Jersey, Upper Saddle River.
- Buckman, H., Brady, O., Nyle, C., 1960. The Nature and Properties of Soils - A College Text of Edaphology (6th ed.) New York: The MacMillan Company.
- Butler, R.A., 2006. Malaysia to phase out Borneo logging in parts of Sabah State. Mongabay.com. http://news.mongabay.com/2006/0316-sabah.html.
- Charman, P.E.V., Murphy, B.W., 1998. Soils their Properties and Management (5th ed.). Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
- Day, P.R., 1965. Particle fractionation and particle-size analysis. In C.A. Black (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis (pp. 545-567) Part 1: American Society of Agronomy, Madison: Wisconsin, Inc.
- Dennis, E.H., William, W., Stephen, G.J., 2002. Applying statistical concepts. In P.R. Anant (Ed.). Applied Statistical for the Behavioral Sciences (pp. 5-10). USA: New York, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
- FAO, 2005. Global forest resources assessment 2005: Progress towards sustainable forest management. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/a0400e/ a0400e00.htm.
- Foth, H.D., 1990. Fundamental of Soil Science (8th ed.). USA:New York, John Wiley and Sons.
- Fujiwara, K., 1987. Aims and methods of phytosociology of vegetation science. Plant Ecology and Taxonomy 5: 606- 628.
- Gee, G.W., Bauder, J.W., 1986. Particle-size analysis. In A.L. Page (Ed.). Methods of Soil Analysis, Part1, Physical and Mineralogical Methods (pp. 383-411). Madison, Agronomy Monograph.
- Greacen, E.L., Sands, R., 1980. Compaction of forest soils. A review: Australian Journal of Soil Research 18: 163- 169.
- Guggenheim, S., Martin, R.T., 1995. Definition of clay and clay mineral: Joint report of the AIPEA nomenclature and CMS nomenclature committees. Clays Clay Miner 43: 255-256.
- Hatchell, G.E., Ralston, C.H., Foil, R.R., 1970. Soil disturbances in logging forest. Soil Science 68: 772-775.
- Hassink, J., Whitmore, A.P., 1997. A model of physical protection of organic matter in soil. Soil Science Society of American Journal 61:131-1392.
- Hobbie, E.A., Colpaert, J.V., 2003. Nitrogen availability and colonization by mycorrhizal fungi correlate with nitrogen ısotope patterns in plants. New Photobiology 157: 115–126.
- Jomo, K.S., Chang, Y.T., Khoo, K.J., 2004. Deforesting Malaysia: The Political Economy and Social Ecology of Agriculture Expansion and Commercial Logging. 1st Edn., Zed Books Limited, New York, ISBN: 978-1842774663, pp: 304.
- Johnson, D.W., Cheng, W., Ball, J.T., 2000. Effects of CO2 and nitrogen fertilization on decomposition and N immobilization in Ponderosa Pine litter. Plant and Soil Science 224: 115-122.
- Jones, C.A., 1983. Effect of soil texture on critical bulk densities for root growth. Soil Science Society of American Journal 47: 1208-1211.
- Laker, M.C., Dupreez, C.C., 1982. An investigation into the accuracy of hydrometers for soil particle-size determination. Agroplantae14: 17-22.
- Mayaux, P., Holmgren, P., Archard, F., Eva, H., Stibig, H.J., 2005. Tropical forests cover change in the 1990s and options for future monitoring. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360: 373-384. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2004.1590.
- Munshower, F.F., 1993. Practical Handbook of Disturbed Land Revegetation. USA, Florida, Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers.
- Ohta, S., Effendi, S., 1992. Ultisols of “Lowland dipterocarp forest” in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. II. Status of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 38: 207-216.
- Ohta, S., 1989. Influence of deforestation on the soils of the Pantabangan Area, Central Luzon, the Philippines. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 36: 561-573.
- Paul, R., 2002. Observational studies.In P. Cohn, P. Harris, W. Barry, R. Rosati, and C. Waternaux (Eds.). Handbook of Engineering Statistics. New York: Springer-Verlag.
- Takahashi, M., Kobayashi, S., Aizawa, S., Yoshinaga, S., Jilli, R.H., 1994. Ultisols under secondary mixed Dipterocarp forest in Brunei and their nutritional characteristics. Bulletin of the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 366: 57-78.
- Ter Braak, C.J.F., Verdonschot, P.F.M., 1995. Canonical correspondence analysis and related multivariate methods in aquatic ecology. Aquatic Science 57: 255-289.
- Wayne, B., Quirine, K., Steve, A., Jonathan, R., Renuka, R., Steve, D., 2007. A soil textural triangle is used to determine soil textural class from the percentages of sand, silt and clay in the soil. Soil Science Society of American Journal 2: 73-79.
- Whitmore, T.C., 1998. An Introduction to Tropical Rain Forests. 2nd Edn., Oxford University Press, New York, ISBN: 978-0198501473, pp: 282.
- Williams, S.M., Primack, R.B., 1999. Phylogeny of the tropical tree family Dipterocarpaceaebased on nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast RBCL gene. American Journal of Botany 86: 11-82.
- Woodward, C.L., 1996. Soil compaction and topsoil removal effects on soil properties and seedling growth. Forest Ecology and Management 82: 197-209.
- Wyatt-Smith, J., 1961. A note on the fresh-water swamp, lowland and hill forest types of Malaysia. Malayan Forest 24: 110-121.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Articles (Araştırma Makalesi) |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 1, 2016 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 66 Issue: 1 |
