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Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis

Year 2016, Volume: 66 Issue: 2, 600 - 612, 01.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.95674

Abstract

Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis

Abstract: Together with the developments in satellite technology, it is considered that high resolution satellite data may be used as an alternative source of information to aerial photos in delineation of stand types. The study aims to reveal how detailed one could work to generate the map of stand types which form the basis of forest management plans using IKONOS satellite data. For this purpose, object based classification was applied to satellite image. Firstly, image segments which represent target objects were generated applying image segmentation algorithm to the satellite image. The image segments generated at three different levels according to different scale parameters and homogeneity criteria were classified according to standard nearest-neighbor approach. Classification accuracy was determined using both the stand maps of study area and ground control points. Overall accuracy was calculated as 58% (Kappa=0.54). Accordingly, it was understood that it was not possible to generate a stand map with sufficient accuracy from the IKONOS satellite image using automatic classification.

Keywords: Ikonos, forest inventory, image segmentation, object based classification, stand map

Ikonos görüntüsü ve obje bazlı görüntü analizi kullanılarak meşcere tiplerinin ayrılması

Özet: Uydu teknolojisindeki gelişmelerle birlikte yüksek çözünürlüklü uydu verilerinin, meşcere tipleri ayrımında hava fotoğraflarının yerine alternatif bir bilgi kaynağı olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada, IKONOS uydu verisinden amenajman planlarının temelini oluşturan meşcere tipleri haritasını düzenlemek için ne kadar ayrıntıya gidilebileceğinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için uydu görüntüsüne obje bazlı sınıflandırma işlemi uygulanmıştır. Uydu görüntüsüne öncelikle görüntü dilimleme işlmei uygulanarak, hedef objeleri temsil edecek görüntü dilimleri oluşturulmuştur. Farklı ölçek parametreleri ve homojenlik kriterlerine göre üç farklı seviyede oluşturulan görüntü dilimleri, standart en yakın komşu yaklaşımına göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Sınıflandırma sonuçlarının doğruluk değerlendirmesi çalışma alanına ait meşcere tipleri haritasından ve arazi çalışmaları sırasında alınan denetim noktalarından faydalanılarak yapılmıştır. Meşcere tipleri düzeyinde yapılan sınıflandırma sonuçlarının toplam doğruluk değeri %55 (Kappa=0.52) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Buna göre, IKONOS uydu görüntüsünden otomatik sınıflandırma ile yeterli doğrulukta meşcere tipleri haritasının üretilmesinin mümkün olmadığı anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ikonos, orman envanteri, görüntü dilimleme, obje bazlı sınıflandırma, meşcere haritası

Received (Geliş): 11.01.2016 - Revised (Düzeltme): 18.01.2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 22.01.2016

Cite (Atıf): Ozkan, U.Y., Yesil, A., 2016. Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 66(2): xxx-xxx. DOI: 10.17099/jffiu.xxxxx

References

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Ikonos görüntüsü ve obje bazlı görüntü analizi kullanılarak meşcere tiplerinin ayrılması

Year 2016, Volume: 66 Issue: 2, 600 - 612, 01.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.95674

Abstract

Uydu teknolojisindeki gelişmelerle birlikte yüksek çözünürlüklü uydu verilerinin, meşcere tipleri ayrımında hava fotoğraflarının yerine alternatif bir bilgi kaynağı olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada, IKONOS uydu verisinden amenajman planlarının temelini oluşturan meşcere tipleri haritasını düzenlemek için ne kadar ayrıntıya gidilebileceğinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için uydu görüntüsüne obje bazlı sınıflandırma işlemi uygulanmıştır. Uydu görüntüsüne öncelikle görüntü dilimleme işlemi uygulanarak, hedef objeleri temsil edecek görüntü dilimleri oluşturulmuştur. Farklı ölçek parametreleri ve homojenlik kriterlerine göre üç farklı seviyede oluşturulan görüntü dilimleri, standart en yakın komşu yaklaşımına göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Sınıflandırma sonuçlarının doğruluk değerlendirmesi çalışma alanına ait meşcere tipleri haritasından ve arazi çalışmaları sırasında alınan denetim noktalarından faydalanılarak yapılmıştır. Meşcere tipleri düzeyinde yapılan sınıflandırma sonuçlarının toplam doğruluk değeri %55 (Kappa=0.52) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Buna göre, IKONOS uydu görüntüsünden otomatik sınıflandırma ile yeterli doğrulukta meşcere tipleri haritasının üretilmesinin mümkün olmadığı anlaşılmıştır.

References

  • Antunes, A.F.B., Lingnau C., Centeno, J.A.S., 2003. Object Oriented Analysis and Semantic Network for High Resolution Image Classification. Boletim de Ciências Geodésicas, 9(2): 233-242,
  • Arockiaraj, S., Kumar, A., Hoda, N., Jeyaseelan, A.T., 2015. Identification and Quantification of Tree Species in Open Mixed Forests using High Resolution QuickBird Satellite Imagery. Journal of Tropical Forestry and Environment 5(2): 40-53.
  • Asan, Ü., 1999. Using Possibilities of Satellite Images in Forestry And The Applications In Turkey. International Symposium on Remote Sensing and Integrated Technologies, Istanbul, 20-22 October 1999, pp. 113-126.
  • Asan, Ü., Başkent, E.Z., Özçelik, R., 2001. Gelişmiş Ülkelerdeki Ulusal Orman Envanteri Sistemleri ve Türkiye İçin Öneriler. I. Ulusal Ormancılık Kongresi, Ankara, 19-20 Mart 2001, pp. 30-51.
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  • Asan, Ü., Yeşil, A., Özdemir, İ., Özkan, U.Y., Ercan, M., Baş, N., Ün, C., Kündük, H.E., Başaran, M.A., 2007. Türkiye Ulusal Orman Envanteri Konseptine Uydu Görüntülerinin Entegrasyonu, Proje No: TOVAG-JULICH 2002-1, TUBİTAK.
  • Birth, G.S., McVey, G.R., 1968. Measuring color of growing turf with a reflectance spectrophotometer. Agronomy Journal 60: 640-649.
  • Blaschke, T., Burnett, C., Pekkarinen, A., 2004. Image Segmentation Methods for Object based Analysis and Classification. In: De Jong, S. M., & van der Meer, F. (Eds.), Remote sensing image analysis: including the spatial domain, Kluwer Academic Publishers, USA, pp.211-236.
  • Bock, M., Xofis, P., Mitchley, J., Rossner, G., Wissen, M. 2005. Object-oriented methods for habitat mapping at multiple scales– Case studies from Northern Germany and Wye Downs, UK. Journal for Nature Conservation 13 (2): 75–89, doi:10.1016/j.jnc.2004.12.002.
  • Chen, Y., Su, W., Li, J., Sun, Z., 2009. Hierarchical object classification using very high resolution imagery and LIDAR data over urban areas. Advances in Space Research 43 (7): 1101-1110, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2008.11.008.
  • Corona, P., Köhl, M., Marchetti, M., 2003. Advances in forest inventory for sustainable forest management and biodiversity monitoring. Kluwert Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
  • Dalponte, M., Ørka, H. O., Ene, L. T., Gobakken, T., Næsset, E., 2014. Tree crown delineation and tree species classification in boreal forests using hyperspectral and ALS data. Remote sensing of environment 140: 306-317, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.09.006.
  • Definiens, A.G. 2006. Definiens Professional 5 Reference Book. Definiens AG, Munich.
  • Deering, D. W., Rouse, J. V., Haas, R. H., Schell, J. A., 1975. Measuring forage production of grazing units from Landsat MSS data. In Proceedings of 10th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Michıgan, pp. 1169-1178.
  • Drǎguţ, L., Tiede, D., & Levick, S.R., 2010. ESP: a tool to estimate scale parameter for multiresolution image segmentation of remotely sensed data. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 24(6): 859-871, doi: 10.1080/13658810903174803.
  • Eler, Ü., 2001. Orman Amenajmanı, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Yayınları, Isparta.
  • Furuya, N., Saito, P., Tith B., MEAS, M., 2007. Object-oriented land cover classification based on two satellite images obtained in one dry season in Cambodia. In Forest Environment in the Mekond River Basin, Springer Japan, pp 149-158.
  • Gong, P., Biging, G.S., Lee, S.M., Mei, X., Sheng, Y., Pu, R., Xu, B., 1999. Photo Ecometrics for Forest Inventory. Geographic Informayion Sciences 5(1): 9-14, doi: 10.1080/10824009909480508.
  • Günlü, A., Sivrikaya, F., Baskent, E. Z., Keles, S., Çakir, G., Kadiogullari, A.I., 2008. Estimation of stand type parameters and land cover using Landsat-7 ETM image: A case study from Turkey. Sensors, 8(4): 2509-2525, doi:10.3390/s8042509.
  • Günlü, A., Başkent E.Z., Kadiogullari, A.I., Altun, L., 2009. Forest site classification using Landsat 7 ETM data: a case study of Maçka-Ormanüstü forest, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 151: 93-104, doi: 10.1007/s10661-008-0252-3.
  • Hajek, F., 2006. Object analysis of IKONOS xs and PAN-SHARPENED imagery in comparision for purpose of tree species estimation. http://www.commission4.isprs.org/obia06/Papers/13_Automated%20classification%20IC%20I%20-%20Forest/OBIA2006_Hajek.pdf (Ziyaret tarihi: 18 Şubat 2008).
  • Herold, M., Scepan, J., Muller, A., Gunther, S., 2002. Object-oriented mapping and analysis of urban land use/cover using IKONOS data. In 22nd Earsel Symposium Geoinformation for European-Wide Integration, Prague, June 2002, pp. 4-6.
  • Holopainen, M., Kalliovirta, J., 2006. Modern Data Acquisition for Forest Inventories, Forest Inventory – Methodology and Applications. Springer, Netherlands.
  • Huang, W., Li, H., & Lin, G., 2015. Classifying forest stands based on multi-scale structure features using Quickbird image. In Spatial Data Mining and Geographical Knowledge Services (ICSDM), 2nd IEEE International Conference, Gdynia, 24-26 June 2015, pp. 202-208.
  • Hung, M.C., 2002. Urban land cover analysis from satellite images. In:Proceedings of Pecora, pp. 10-15.
  • Immitzer, M., Atzberger, C., Koukal, T., 2012. Tree species classification with random forest using very high spatial resolution 8-band WorldView-2 satellite data. Remote Sensing 4(9): 2661-2693, doi:10.3390/rs4092661.
  • Jensen, R.J., 1996. Introductory Digital Image Processing, a Remote Sensing Perspective, Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
  • Kamal, M., Phinn, S., Johansen, K., 2015. Object-Based Approach for Multi-Scale Mangrove Composition Mapping Using Multi-Resolution Image Datasets. Remote Sensing 7(4): 4753-4783, doi:10.3390/rs70404753.
  • Kim, S.R., Lee, W.K., Kwak, D.A., Biging, G.S., Gong, P., Lee, J.H., Cho, H.K., 2011. Forest cover classification by optimal segmentation of high resolution satellite imagery. Sensors 11(2): 1943-1958, doi:10.3390/s110201943.
  • Koç, A., Yener, H., 2006. Landsat ETM verilerinde topografik normalizasyonun sınıflandırma doğruluğu üzerindeki etkisi. İ.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Dergisi A, 56(2): 57-76.
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles (Araştırma Makalesi)
Authors

Ulaş Özkan

Ahmet Yeşil

Publication Date July 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 66 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özkan, U., & Yeşil, A. (2016). Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University, 66(2), 600-612. https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.95674
AMA Özkan U, Yeşil A. Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis. J FAC FOR ISTANBUL U. July 2016;66(2):600-612. doi:10.17099/jffiu.95674
Chicago Özkan, Ulaş, and Ahmet Yeşil. “Forest Stand Delineation Using Ikonos Image and Object Based Image Analysis”. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 66, no. 2 (July 2016): 600-612. https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.95674.
EndNote Özkan U, Yeşil A (July 1, 2016) Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 66 2 600–612.
IEEE U. Özkan and A. Yeşil, “Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis”, J FAC FOR ISTANBUL U, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 600–612, 2016, doi: 10.17099/jffiu.95674.
ISNAD Özkan, Ulaş - Yeşil, Ahmet. “Forest Stand Delineation Using Ikonos Image and Object Based Image Analysis”. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University 66/2 (July 2016), 600-612. https://doi.org/10.17099/jffiu.95674.
JAMA Özkan U, Yeşil A. Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis. J FAC FOR ISTANBUL U. 2016;66:600–612.
MLA Özkan, Ulaş and Ahmet Yeşil. “Forest Stand Delineation Using Ikonos Image and Object Based Image Analysis”. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry Istanbul University, vol. 66, no. 2, 2016, pp. 600-12, doi:10.17099/jffiu.95674.
Vancouver Özkan U, Yeşil A. Forest stand delineation using Ikonos image and object based image analysis. J FAC FOR ISTANBUL U. 2016;66(2):600-12.