THE EVALUATION OF AWARENESS AND LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO TUBERCULOSIS OF PHARMACY FACULTY STUDENTS: A FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY EXAMPLE
Year 2022,
Volume: 46 Issue: 3, 684 - 693, 30.09.2022
Özgül Kısa
,
Hüseyin İkizlerli
,
Hayriye Ertem Vehid
Abstract
Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is among the leading causes of death. TB can easily spread by aerosols from pulmonary TB patients. Pharmacists are unique among healthcare professionals because patients can easily and directly access them. Therefore, they have to take responsibility for management and early detection of TB. The aim of this study was to evaluate TB related awareness and level of knowledge of pharmacy students in a foundation university.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate pharmacy students about TB. A face-to-face survey was made to students in their classrooms after ethical committee’s approval was received and verbal consent of participants obtained. A total of 238 students answered the survey. Descriptive statistical methods and Pearson Chi-Square test are used for the evaluation of the data.
Result and Discussion: We found that all of the students knew tuberculosis, but some of them lacked knowledge on some topics such as the symptoms of the disease, risk factors, definitive diagnosis, and drug resistance rates. Pharmacists who have an important role in public health should be informed and advised to be updated about TB during their undergraduate education. In addition, it should be ensured that they take responsibility to raise public awareness of TB which causes thousands of deaths each year.
Thanks
We would like to thank Associate Professor Özgür ENGİNYURT who allowed us using and modification of questionnaire form of their study. We also want to thank all students who accepted to participate in our study. Ozgul Kisa (Corresponding Author) was working at Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University when this study was performed.
References
- 1. Nardell, E.A. (2016). Transmission and Institutional Infection Control of Tuberculosis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Medicine, 6(2), a018192. [CrossRef]
- 2. World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on tuberculosis infection prevention and control, 2019 update, Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. From https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311259/9789241550512-eng.pdf. Accessed date 27 January 2022.
- 3. World Health Organization (WHO) operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 1: prevention- tuberculosis preventive treatment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. From https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240002906. Accessed date 27 January 2022.
- 4. Rendon, A., Tiberi, S., Scardigli, A., D’Ambrosio, L., Centis, R., Caminero, J.A., Migliori, G.B. (2016). Classification of drugs to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): evidence and perspectives. Journal Thoracic Disease, 8(10), 2666–2671. [CrossRef]
- 5. Khare, N., Khare, P., Singh, D.A. (2018). A Review: History, Structure, Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis Disease. Mycobacterial Disease, 8, 263. [CrossRef]
- 6. Lange, C., Aarnoutse, RE., Alffenaar, J.W.C., Bothamley, G., Brinkmann, F., Costa, J., Chesov, D., Creve, R., Dominguez, J., Duarte, R., Grobbel, H.P., Günther, G., Guglielmetti, L., Heyekendorf, J., Kay, A.W., Kirakosyan, O., Kirk, O., Koczulla, R.A., Kudriashov, G.G., Kuksa, L., Leth, F., Magis-Escurra, C., Mandalakas, A.M., Molina-Moya, B., Reimann, M., Rumetshofer, R., Schaaf, H.S., Schön, T., Tiberi, S., Valda, J., Yablonski, K., Dheda, K. (2019). Management of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. International Journal Tuberculosis Lung Disease, 23, 645-662. [CrossRef]
- 7. World Health Organization (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2019. From https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565714. Accessed date 27 January 2022.
- 8. Türkiye’de Verem Savaşı 2018 Raporu. From https://toraks.org.tr/site/community/news/5074. Accessed date 27 January 2022.
- 9. Agomo, C.O. (2012). The role of community pharmacists in public health: A scoping review of the literature. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, 3, 25–33. [CrossRef]
- 10. Weiss, M.C., Booth, A., Jones, B., Ramjeet, S., Wong, E. (2010). Use of simulated patients to assess the clinical and communication skills of community pharmacists. Pharmacy World & Science, 32, 353–361. [CrossRef]
- 11. Bell, J., Dziekan, G., Pollack, C., Mahachai, V. (2016). Self-Care in the Twenty First Century: A Vital Role for the Pharmacist. Advances in Therapy, 33, 1691–1703. [CrossRef]
- 12. Enginyurt, O., İşcanlı, I., Kılıç, M., Çakır, L., Öztürk, E.H., Depe, Y., Kelem, D., Tomakin, M., Çamkaya, S., Güreşçi, N., Aydın, F., Sönmez, B. (2016). Tuberküloz Farkindalik Değerlendirmesi. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği, 8, 25-35.
- 13. Kara, A., Doğar, O., Yuksek, S.K., Apa, H., Bayram, N., Güneş, T., Tezer, H., Devrim, İ. (2015). The evaluation of awareness and level of knowledge about tuberculosis among pediatric residents. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi, 5, 48-53.
- 14. Akin, S., Gorak, G., Unsar, S., Mollaoglu, M., Ozdilli, K., Durna, Z. (2011). Knowledge of and attitudes toward tuberculosis of Turkish nursing and midwifery students. Nurse Education Today. 31, 774-779. [CrossRef]
- 15. Mumcu, H.K. (2013). Trabzon’da Hekimlerin Tüberküloz Kontrolü ve Doğrudan Gözetimli Tedavi Stratejisi ile İlgili Bilgi ve Uygulamaları. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 22, 131-137.
- 16. Karahan, A., Çalı, Ş. (2005). Ümraniye’de hekimlerin tüberküloz kont¬rolü ve DOTS hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumları. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 14, 195-201. [CrossRef]
- 17. Değer, V., İnanç, B.B., Çiftçi, S. (2015). Knowlodge of Tuberculosis Among Health Higher School Students. Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine, 6, 358-362.
- 18. Deveci, S.E., Turgut, T., Acik, Y., Deveci, F., Muz, M.H. (2003). The Knowledge, attitude and behavior related to the tuberculosis and approache s of tuberculosis therapy by the physicians providing first step service. Tüberküloz ve Toraks, 51, 40-47.
- 19. Kurane, S., Kudoh, S. (2003). The importance of the examination of education on, and infection control of tuberculosis in medical school hospitals in Japan. Kekkaku, 78, 573-580.
- 20. Nakanishi, Y., Izumi, M., Abe, K., Inoue, K., Wataya, H., Minami, T. Horiuchi, Y., Ishibashi, R.,Hara, N. (2002). Questionnaire about impression and knowledge of tuberculosis in employees and students in a university hospital. Kekkaku, 77, 457- 463.
ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN TÜBERKÜLOZA İLİŞKİN FARKINDALIK VE BİLGİ DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: BİR VAKIF ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Year 2022,
Volume: 46 Issue: 3, 684 - 693, 30.09.2022
Özgül Kısa
,
Hüseyin İkizlerli
,
Hayriye Ertem Vehid
Abstract
Amaç: Tüberküloz (TB), önde gelen ölüm nedenleri arasında yer alan bir enfeksiyon hastalığıdır. TB, akciğer tüberkülozlu hastalardan aerosoller aracılığı ile kolayca yayılabilir. Eczacılar, hastaların onlara doğrudan ve kolayca ulaşabildiği tek sağlık çalışanlarıdır. Bu nedenle, TB'nin yönetimi ve erken teşhisi için sorumluluk almak zorundadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir vakıf üniversitesindeki eczacılık öğrencilerinin tüberküloz ile ilgili farkındalık ve bilgi düzeylerini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma, eczacılık lisans öğrencilerinin tüberküloz hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Etik kurul onayı ve katılımcıların sözlü onamları alındıktan sonra öğrencilere sınıflarında yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Toplam 238 öğrenci anketi cevapladı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler ve Pearson Ki-Kare testi kullanılmıştır.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Öğrencilerin tamamının tüberkülozu bildiğini ancak bir kısmının hastalığın belirtileri, risk faktörleri, kesin tanı, ilaç direnç oranları gibi konularda bilgi eksikliği olduğunu bulduk. Halk sağlığında önemli bir yere sahip olan eczacılar, lisans eğitimleri sırasında TB hastalığı hakkında bilgilendirilmeli ve bilgilerini güncel tutmaları tavsiye edilmelidir. Ayrıca her yıl binlerce ölüme neden olan tüberküloz hastalığı konusunda toplumu bilinçlendirmek için sorumluluk almaları sağlanmalıdır.
References
- 1. Nardell, E.A. (2016). Transmission and Institutional Infection Control of Tuberculosis. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Medicine, 6(2), a018192. [CrossRef]
- 2. World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on tuberculosis infection prevention and control, 2019 update, Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. From https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311259/9789241550512-eng.pdf. Accessed date 27 January 2022.
- 3. World Health Organization (WHO) operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 1: prevention- tuberculosis preventive treatment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. From https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240002906. Accessed date 27 January 2022.
- 4. Rendon, A., Tiberi, S., Scardigli, A., D’Ambrosio, L., Centis, R., Caminero, J.A., Migliori, G.B. (2016). Classification of drugs to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): evidence and perspectives. Journal Thoracic Disease, 8(10), 2666–2671. [CrossRef]
- 5. Khare, N., Khare, P., Singh, D.A. (2018). A Review: History, Structure, Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis Disease. Mycobacterial Disease, 8, 263. [CrossRef]
- 6. Lange, C., Aarnoutse, RE., Alffenaar, J.W.C., Bothamley, G., Brinkmann, F., Costa, J., Chesov, D., Creve, R., Dominguez, J., Duarte, R., Grobbel, H.P., Günther, G., Guglielmetti, L., Heyekendorf, J., Kay, A.W., Kirakosyan, O., Kirk, O., Koczulla, R.A., Kudriashov, G.G., Kuksa, L., Leth, F., Magis-Escurra, C., Mandalakas, A.M., Molina-Moya, B., Reimann, M., Rumetshofer, R., Schaaf, H.S., Schön, T., Tiberi, S., Valda, J., Yablonski, K., Dheda, K. (2019). Management of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. International Journal Tuberculosis Lung Disease, 23, 645-662. [CrossRef]
- 7. World Health Organization (WHO) Global Tuberculosis Report 2019. From https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565714. Accessed date 27 January 2022.
- 8. Türkiye’de Verem Savaşı 2018 Raporu. From https://toraks.org.tr/site/community/news/5074. Accessed date 27 January 2022.
- 9. Agomo, C.O. (2012). The role of community pharmacists in public health: A scoping review of the literature. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, 3, 25–33. [CrossRef]
- 10. Weiss, M.C., Booth, A., Jones, B., Ramjeet, S., Wong, E. (2010). Use of simulated patients to assess the clinical and communication skills of community pharmacists. Pharmacy World & Science, 32, 353–361. [CrossRef]
- 11. Bell, J., Dziekan, G., Pollack, C., Mahachai, V. (2016). Self-Care in the Twenty First Century: A Vital Role for the Pharmacist. Advances in Therapy, 33, 1691–1703. [CrossRef]
- 12. Enginyurt, O., İşcanlı, I., Kılıç, M., Çakır, L., Öztürk, E.H., Depe, Y., Kelem, D., Tomakin, M., Çamkaya, S., Güreşçi, N., Aydın, F., Sönmez, B. (2016). Tuberküloz Farkindalik Değerlendirmesi. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği, 8, 25-35.
- 13. Kara, A., Doğar, O., Yuksek, S.K., Apa, H., Bayram, N., Güneş, T., Tezer, H., Devrim, İ. (2015). The evaluation of awareness and level of knowledge about tuberculosis among pediatric residents. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi, 5, 48-53.
- 14. Akin, S., Gorak, G., Unsar, S., Mollaoglu, M., Ozdilli, K., Durna, Z. (2011). Knowledge of and attitudes toward tuberculosis of Turkish nursing and midwifery students. Nurse Education Today. 31, 774-779. [CrossRef]
- 15. Mumcu, H.K. (2013). Trabzon’da Hekimlerin Tüberküloz Kontrolü ve Doğrudan Gözetimli Tedavi Stratejisi ile İlgili Bilgi ve Uygulamaları. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 22, 131-137.
- 16. Karahan, A., Çalı, Ş. (2005). Ümraniye’de hekimlerin tüberküloz kont¬rolü ve DOTS hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumları. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 14, 195-201. [CrossRef]
- 17. Değer, V., İnanç, B.B., Çiftçi, S. (2015). Knowlodge of Tuberculosis Among Health Higher School Students. Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicine, 6, 358-362.
- 18. Deveci, S.E., Turgut, T., Acik, Y., Deveci, F., Muz, M.H. (2003). The Knowledge, attitude and behavior related to the tuberculosis and approache s of tuberculosis therapy by the physicians providing first step service. Tüberküloz ve Toraks, 51, 40-47.
- 19. Kurane, S., Kudoh, S. (2003). The importance of the examination of education on, and infection control of tuberculosis in medical school hospitals in Japan. Kekkaku, 78, 573-580.
- 20. Nakanishi, Y., Izumi, M., Abe, K., Inoue, K., Wataya, H., Minami, T. Horiuchi, Y., Ishibashi, R.,Hara, N. (2002). Questionnaire about impression and knowledge of tuberculosis in employees and students in a university hospital. Kekkaku, 77, 457- 463.