GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Büşra Korkut Çelikateş; Merve Baysal

doi:10.33483/jfpau.1481724

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EVALUATION OF FOOD AZO DYES IN TERMS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY

Year 2024, Volume: 48 Issue: 3, 1236 - 1247, 10.09.2024

Büşra Korkut Çelikateş , Merve Baysal

https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1481724

Abstract

Objective: Synthetic food dyes are one of the important ingredients that enhance the appearance and taste of industrial and commercial products. However, concerns exist about their potential harm to human health due to their chemical structures, which often contain azo functional groups and aromatic rings. Many studies have stated that dyes belonging to the azo group are nitro derivatives that can cause hypersensitivity reactions, and that the metabolites produced by intestinal microflora are the focus of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis studies. Various studies have shown that azo dyes have negative effects on the male reproductive system, especially on sperm parameters. These effects were accompanied by a decrease in serum testosterone concentration.
Result and Discussion: The increasing interest in studies on food azo dyes has brought about the need to elucidate possible toxicity mechanisms. In this review, general information about commonly used food azo dyes is presented and the results of in vivo studies on their negative effects on the male reproductive system are evaluated.

Keywords

Food azo dyes, male reproductive system, toxicity

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GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2024, Volume: 48 Issue: 3, 1236 - 1247, 10.09.2024

Büşra Korkut Çelikateş , Merve Baysal

https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1481724

Abstract

Amaç: Sentetik gıda boyaları, endüstriyel ve ticari ürünlerin görünümünü iyileştiren ve lezzetini artıran önemli bileşenlerden biridir. Ancak, çoğunlukla azo fonksiyonel gruplar ve aromatik halkalar içeren kimyasal yapılarından dolayı, bu maddelerin insan sağlığına potansiyel olarak zararlı olabileceği konusunda endişeler bulunmaktadır. Birçok çalışma, azo grubuna dahil olan boyaların aşırı duyarlılık reaksiyonlarına neden olabilen nitro türevleri olduğunu, bağırsak mikroflorası tarafından oluşan metabolitlerin mutajenez ve karsinojenez çalışmalarının odak noktasında yer aldığını belirtmiştir. Çeşitli çalışmalar, azo boyaların erkek reprodüktif sistemi üzerinde, özellikle de sperm parametrelerinde olumsuz etkileri olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu etkilere serum testosteron konsantrasyonundaki azalma da eşlik etmiştir.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Gıda azo boyalarıyla ilgili çalışmalara olan ilginin artarak devam etmesi olası toksisite mekanizmalarını aydınlatma ihtiyacını beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu derlemede yaygın kullanılan gıda azo boyalarıyla ilgili genel bilgiler sunulmuş ve erkek reprodüktif sistem üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerine dair yapılan in vivo çalışmalar sonuçlarıyla değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Erkek reproduktif sistem, gıda azo boyaları, toksisite

References

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2. Zeece, M. (2020). Food colorants. In: M. Zeece (Ed.), Introduction to the Chemistry of Food, (pp. 313-344). Cambridge: Academic Press. [CrossRef]
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5. Majcen-Le Marechal, A., Slokar, Y.M., Taufer, T. (1997). Decoloration of chlorotriazine reactive azo dyes with H2O2/UV. Dyes and Pigments, 33(4), 281-298. [CrossRef]
6. Chequer, F.M.D., Dorta, D.J., de Oliveira, D.P. (2011). Azo dyes and their metabolites: Does the discharge of the azo dye into water bodies represent human and ecological risks. Advances in Treating Textile Effluent, 48, 28-48. [CrossRef]
7. Yamjala, K., Nainar, M.S., Ramisetti, N.R. (2016). Methods for the analysis of azo dyes employed in food industry-A review. Food Chemistry, 192, 813-824. [CrossRef]
8. König, J. (2015). Food colour additives of synthetic origin. In: M.J. Scotter (Ed.), Colour Additives for Foods and Beverages, (pp. 35-60). Woodhead Publishing. [CrossRef]
9. Cui, M.H., Liu, W.Z., Tang, Z.E., Cui, D. (2021). Recent advancements in azo dye decolorization in bio-electrochemical systems (BESs): Insights into decolorization mechanism and practical application. Water Research, 203, 117512. [CrossRef]
10. Hashemi, S.H., Kaykhaii, M. (2022). Azo dyes: Sources, occurrence, toxicity, sampling, analysis, and their removal methods. In: T. Dalu and N.T. Tavengwa (Eds.), Emerging Freshwater Pollutants, (pp. 267-287). Amsterdam: Elsevier. [CrossRef]
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14. Bafana, A., Devi, S.S., Chakrabarti, T. (2011). Azo dyes: Past, present and the future. Environmental Reviews, 19(NA), 350-371. [CrossRef]
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17. Josephy, P.D., Allen-Vercoe, E. (2023). Reductive metabolism of azo dyes and drugs: Toxicological implications. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 178, 113932. [CrossRef]
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Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Pharmaceutical Toxicology
Journal Section	Collection
Authors	Büşra Korkut Çelikateş 0000-0003-0149-3065 Merve Baysal 0000-0002-8099-0942
Early Pub Date	August 7, 2024
Publication Date	September 10, 2024
Submission Date	May 10, 2024
Acceptance Date	August 3, 2024
Published in Issue	Year 2024 Volume: 48 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Korkut Çelikateş, B., & Baysal, M. (2024). GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, 48(3), 1236-1247. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1481724
AMA	Korkut Çelikateş B, Baysal M. GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara. September 2024;48(3):1236-1247. doi:10.33483/jfpau.1481724
Chicago	Korkut Çelikateş, Büşra, and Merve Baysal. “GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 48, no. 3 (September 2024): 1236-47. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1481724.
EndNote	Korkut Çelikateş B, Baysal M (September 1, 2024) GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 48 3 1236–1247.
IEEE	B. Korkut Çelikateş and M. Baysal, “GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ”, J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 1236–1247, 2024, doi: 10.33483/jfpau.1481724.
ISNAD	Korkut Çelikateş, Büşra - Baysal, Merve. “GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 48/3 (September 2024), 1236-1247. https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1481724.
JAMA	Korkut Çelikateş B, Baysal M. GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara. 2024;48:1236–1247.
MLA	Korkut Çelikateş, Büşra and Merve Baysal. “GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ”. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University, vol. 48, no. 3, 2024, pp. 1236-47, doi:10.33483/jfpau.1481724.
Vancouver	Korkut Çelikateş B, Baysal M. GIDA AZO BOYALARININ ERKEK REPRODÜKTİF TOKSİSİTESİ YÖNÜNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. J. Fac. Pharm. Ankara. 2024;48(3):1236-47.

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The Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University is an international medium, an open access, peer-reviewed journal for the publication of original research reports, reviews and short communications in English or Turkish on relevant developments in pharmaceutical sciences., Proceeding of scientific meetings may be published as special issues of supplements to the journal. Additionally, it contains previous and forthcoming national and international scientific meetings with social activities in pharmaceutical areas.