The Effects of Body Mass Index on Fertility, Pregnancy and Delivery

Year 2016, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 170 - 175, 01.10.2016

Ayla Eser İkbal Kaygusuz Müberra Namlı Kalem Metin Canbal

Abstract

Obesity is a worldwide public health issue, associated with many chronic health issues. There is increasing prevalence of overweight body mass index –BMI= 25.0-29.9 kg/m2 and obesity BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2 in young women, which impacts on fertility, pregnancy and delivery outcomes. Obesity and overweight also contribute to reduced male fecundity. Effects of obesity and overweight on successful in vitro fertilisation outcomes are less clear. Women with low BMI and/ or less-than-recommended gestational weight gain are at higher risk of delivering low birth weight babies. On the other hand, high BMI is linked with increased incidence of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, induction of labour, macrosomia and caesarean delivery. This article aims to present a review of the recent scientific literature about the effects of BMI on fertility, pregnancy and delivery.

Keywords

BMI, fertility, pregnancy, delivery

Vücut Kitle İndeksinin Doğurganlık, Gebelik ve Doğum Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Obezite, beraberindeki birçok kronik sağlık sorunuyla birlikte tüm dünyada halk sağlığı sorunu olmuştur. Doğurganlık, gebelik ve doğum üzerinde etkileri olan aşırı kilo Vücut Kitle İndeksi-VKİ=25.0-29.9 kg/m2 ve obezitenin VKİ ≥30.0 kg/m2 genç kadınlar arasındaki yaygınlığında artış görülmektedir. Obezite ve aşırı kilo aynı zamanda erkek fekunditesinin düşmesine de sebep olmaktadır. Obezite ve aşırı kiloluluğun başarılı in vitro fertilizasyon üzerindeki etkilerine dair tam anlamıyla net sonuçlar bulunmamaktadır. Düşük VKİ’ye sahip ve/veya gebelikte önerilenden daha az kilo alan kadınların düşük doğum ağırlığına sahip bebek sahibi olma riski daha yüksektir. Diğer yandan, yüksek VKİ, artmış gestasyonel hipertansiyon, pre-eklampsi, doğum indüksiyonu, makrozomi ve sezaryenle doğum insidansı ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu makalede VKİ’nin doğurganlık, gebelik ve doğum üzerine etkilerini güncel literatür bilgileri ışığında değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

VKİ, fertilite, gebelik, doğum

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