Hemodiyaliz ve periton diyalizi hastalarında yaşam kalitesi ve depresyonun karşılaştırılması

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 692 - 696, 30.07.2025

Ümit Çakmak , Feyza Bora , Yalçın Kahya , Sefa Derin , Mehmet İrfan Cihangir , Salih Açık , Selma Elverdi , Emre Günay , Ayshan Seyidova , İbrahim Ethem Hacıbebekoğlu , Ahmet Furkan Kenger , Semih Çalhan

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1669134

Abstract

Giriş: Kronik böbrek hastalığı (KBH), yüksek morbidite ve mortalite ile ilişkili küresel bir sağlık sorunudur. Depresyon, özellikle majör depresif bozukluk (MDB), diyaliz hastalarında yaygın olarak görülmekte ve tedaviye uyumsuzluk, malnütrisyon ve artan mortalite gibi olumsuz sonuçlarla ilişkilendirilmektedir. Bu çalışma, hemodiyaliz (HD) ve periton diyaliz (PD) hastalarında depresyon ve yaşam kalitesini değerlendirerek optimal diyaliz yöntemi seçimine rehberlik etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Materyal ve Metotlar: Bu çalışmaya, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Nefroloji Kliniği'nde tedavi gören 143 diyaliz hastası dahil edilmiştir. Bunlardan 44 HD ve 34 PD hastası 6 aylık takibi tamamlamıştır. Yaşam kalitesi WHOQOL-BREF ölçeği ile, depresyon düzeyleri ise Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: HD grubundaki kadınların ortalama yaşı (9,7 yıl), erkeklere (11 yıl) göre daha düşük bulunmuştur (p=0,049). Hemoglobin düzeylerinde cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (p=0,024). Yüksek eğitim düzeyi, daha düşük depresyon skorları ile ilişkilendirilmiştir (üniversite mezunları: 11 puan; ilk/orta öğretim: 19 puan). Fiziksel sağlık skorları, psikolojik sağlık (r=0,46), sosyal ilişkiler (r=0,50) ve depresyon (r=-0,47) ile korelasyon göstermiştir. Psikolojik sağlık skorları ise sosyal ilişkiler (r=0,44) ve depresyon (r=-0,53) ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Diyaliz süresi ile yaşam kalitesi veya depresyon skorları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır.
Sonuç: HD ve PD hastaları arasında yaşam kalitesi veya depresyon düzeyleri açısından anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Orta ve şiddetli depresyonu olan hastaların tüm yaşam kalitesi alanlarında daha düşük skorlar aldığı belirlenmiştir. Daha yüksek fiziksel sağlık ve sosyal ilişki skorları ile genç yaş, daha düşük depresyon ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Diyaliz hastalarında depresyon ve yaşam kalitesinin düzenli izlenmesi, zamanında psikiyatrik müdahale ve tedavi sonuçlarının iyileştirilmesi için kritik öneme sahiptir.

Keywords

Hemodiyaliz , Periton Diyalizi , Depresyon , Yaşam Kalitesi , WHOQOL-BREF , Beck Depresyon Ölçeği

A comparison of quality of life and depression in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients

Abstract

Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem and characterized by a progressive loss of kidney function over time, leading to complications such as anemia, mineral and bone disorders, cardiovascular disease, and decreased quality of life (QoL). Depression is a common comorbidity in CKD patients. The aim of our study was to compare demographic and clinical data, QoL scales and depression scores in patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD).
Methods: This prospective study included 143 dialysis patients from Akdeniz University Nephrology Clinic. Of these, 44 HD and 34 PD patients completed the 6-month follow-up. QoL was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF scale, and depression levels were measured using the Beck Depression Scale (BDS). A comparative analysis was conducted of demographic, laboratory and clinical characteristics in relation to KRT, gender and depression levels.
Results: Female patients were significantly younger than males (42 vs. 55 years, p=0.019) and had higher depression scores (19 vs. 13, p=0.031). PD patients demonstrated significantly higher hemoglobin levels compared to HD patients (10.95 vs. 10.2 g/dl, p=0.008). A trend toward higher phosphorus levels was observed in PD patients (5.1 vs. 4.5 mg/dl, p=0.050). No significant differences were found in age, gender, calcium, albumin, CRP, vitamin D levels, KRT duration, or QoL measures between the HD and PD groups. Phosphorus levels were also higher in the moderate/severe depression group than the mild depression group (5.2 vs. 4.3 mg/dl, p=0.036). Individuals who completed primary or secondary education but did not attend university had higher depression scores (19 points) compared to university graduates (11 points).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that women on dialysis have higher depression scores than men. Higher levels of education were associated with improved QoL and reduced depression, reflecting better disease management. Serum phosphate levels were elevated in moderate to severe depression groups. Furthermore, higher hemoglobin levels in PD patients compared to HD patients suggest that dialysis modality may affect anemia and QoL.

Keywords

Hemodialysis , peritoneal dialysis , depression , quality of life , WHOQOL-BREF , Beck Depression Scale

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