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Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 5 - 18, 29.03.2022

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, Beslenme ve Diyetetik bölümü öğrencilerinin mikrobiyota farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemek ve bazı değişkenlerle aralarındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel, tanımlayıcı tipte olan çalışma, 2021-2022 akademik yılında, Üsküdar Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Lisans Programı’nda kayıtlı 248 üniversite öğrencisiyle yürütülmüştür. Google Formlar’da oluşturulan yapılandırılmış bir anket aracılığıyla Bilgi Formu ve Mikrobiyota Farkındalık Ölçeği (MFÖ) online olarak uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde IBM SPSS26® yazılımı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %94,4’ü kadın, %5,6’sı erkektir. Yaş ortalaması 21,50±3,95 yıl olan öğrencilerin, beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) ortalaması 21,33±3,04 kg/m2’dir. Öğrencilerin %27,4’ü mikrobiyota, pre-probiyotikler hakkında daha önce eğitim almıştır ve %31’i daha önce pre-probiyotik destek kullanmıştır. Öğrencilerin yaş artışıyla, mikrobiyota farkındalık düzeyi pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir (p<0,05). Ayrıca, BKİ’ye göre hafif kilolu olanların, 1. Sınıfta kayıtlı olanların, kronik hastalık tanısı olmayanların, geliri giderine denk olanların, daha önce mikrobiyota konusunda eğitim almayanların ve pre-probiyotik destek kullanmayanların mikrobiyota farkındalık düzeyleri daha düşük bulunmuştur (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanlarının, mikrobiyotaya yönelik bilgi ve tutumlarının, mikrobiyotayı modüle eden pre-probiyotikleri fonksiyonel gıda olarak önermelerini ve verdikleri bilgilerin hastaların pre-probiyotik tüketimini doğrudan etkilediği bilinmektedir. Dolayısıyla, geleceğin sağlık profesyonellerinden olan Beslenme ve Diyetetik bölümü öğrencilerinin müfredatlarına mikrobiyota konusunun dahil edilmesi ve bilgi düzeyinin bilimsel toplantılar, akademik çalışmalar yapılarak arttırılması gerektiği görülmektedir.

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References

  • 1. Zmora N, Suez J, Elinav E. You Are What You Eat: Diet, Health And The Gut Microbiota. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(1): 35-56. doi:10.1038/s41575-018-0061-2
  • 2. NIH HMP Working Group; Peterson J, Garges S, Giovanni M, McInnes P, Wang L, Schloss JA, et al. The NIH Human Microbiome Project. Genome Res. 2009 Dec; 19(12): 2317-23. doi: 10.1101/gr.096651.109
  • 3. Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Hamady M, Fraser-Liggett CM, Knight R, Gordon JI. The Human Microbiome Project. Nature. 2007; 449(7164): 804-810. doi:10.1038/nature06244
  • 4. Jandhyala SM, Talukdar R, Subramanyam C, Vuyyuru H, Sasikala M, Nageshwar Reddy D. Role Of The Normal Gut Microbiota. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(29): 8787-8803. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i29.8787
  • 5. Fan Y, Pedersen O. Gut Microbiota In Human Metabolic Health And Disease. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021;19(1):55-71. doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0433-9
  • 6. Zhou Y, Hu G, Wang MC. Host And Microbiota Metabolic Signals In Aging And Longevity. Nat Chem Biol. 2021;17(10):1027-1036. doi:10.1038/s41589-021-00837-z
  • 7. Valdes AM, Walter J, Segal E, Spector TD. Role Of The Gut Microbiota In Nutrition And Health. BMJ. 2018;361:k2179. Published 2018 Jun 13. doi:10.1136/bmj.k2179
  • 8. Quigley EMM. Prebiotics and Probiotics in Digestive Health. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;17(2):333-344. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2018.09.028
  • 9. Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, Gibson GR, Merenstein DJ, Pot B, et al. Expert Consensus Document. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics Consensus Statement On The Scope And Appropriate Use Of The Term Probiotic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;11(8):506-514. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2014.66
  • 10. Cosme F, Inês A, Vilela A. Consumer's Acceptability And Health Consciousness Of Probiotic And Prebiotic Of Non-Dairy Products. Food Res. Int. (Ottawa, Ont.). 2022 Jan;151:110842. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110842.
  • 11. Marco ML, Sanders ME, Gänzle M, Arrieta, MC, Cotter PD, De Vuyst L, et al. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) Consensus Statement On Fermented Foods. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;18(3):196-208. doi:10.1038/s41575-020-00390-5
  • 12. Gibson GR, Hutkins R, Sanders ME, Prescott SL, Reimer RA, Salminen SJ, et al. Expert Consensus Document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus Statement On The Definition And Scope Of Prebiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14(8):491-502. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75
  • 13. Mohanty D, Misra S, Mohapatra S, Sahu PS. Prebiotics and synbiotics: Recent Concepts In Nutrition. Food bioscience. 2018; 26, 152-160.
  • 14. Arshad MS, Saqlain M, Majeed A, Imran I, Saeed H, Saleem MU, et al. Cross-Sectional Study To Assess The Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitude And Practices About Probiotics Use In Pakistan. BMJ Open. 2021;11(7):e047494. Published 2021 Jul 28. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047494
  • 15. Külcü A. Mikrobiyota Farkındalık Ölçeği Geçerlilik Ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Halk Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Isparta, 2020.
  • 16. Abu-Humaidan AHA, Alrawabdeh JA, Theeb LS, Hamadneh YI, Omari MB. Evaluating Knowledge of Human Microbiota among University Students in Jordan, an Online Cross-Sectional Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(24):13324. Published 2021 Dec 17. doi:10.3390/ijerph182413324
  • 17. Pradito IY, Wardana AA, Waspodo P, Surono IS. Determinants Of Knowledge And Perception Of Probiotic By Jabodetabek College Students. Food Res. 2020; 4(5): 1815-1819.
  • 18. Altamimi E, Abu Hamed (, Alrejjal K, Fanni A. Knowledge Of Jordanian Medical Students About Probiotics And Their Health Usage. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol. 2019;2(Suppl 2):487-488. doi:10.1093/jcag/gwz006.248
  • 19. Fijan S, Frauwallner A, Varga L, Langerholc T, Rogelj I, Lorber M, et al. Health Professionals' Knowledge of Probiotics: An International Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(17):3128. Published 2019 Aug 28. doi:10.3390/ijerph16173128
  • 20. Kolady D, Kattelmann K, Vukovich C, Scaria J. Awareness And Use Of Probiotics Among The Millennials In The United States: Drivers and implications. Funct. Foods Health Dis. 2018; 8(10), 505-518.
  • 21. Yücelşengün İ. , Kırmızıgül A. , Özaydın İ. , Yarım H. Tüketicilerin Probiyotik Ve Prebiyotik Gıdalara Yönelik Bilgi Düzeyleri Ve Tüketim Durumlarının Belirlenmesi: İzmir/Bornova Örneği. Gıda. 2019;45(1):103-114.
  • 22. Barqawi HJ, Adra SF, Ramzi HR, Abouaggour MA, Almehairi SK. Evaluating The Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Of The UAE Community On Microbiota Composition And The Main Factors Affecting It: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(8):e047869. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047869
  • 23. Allah HAA, Prarthana SM. The Knowledge And Perceptions Regarding Probiotics Among The People Of Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Jhms 2019;2. 10.31014/aior.1994.02.03.56
  • 24. Aslan S, Kara R, Yaman H. Determining The Consumption Habits Related To Probiotic Products. Turk J Food Agric Sci. 2019; 7(6), 861-865.
  • 25. Pehlivan B. Yetişkin Bireylerin Probiyotik Besinleri Tüketim Sıklıklarının Ve Bilgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Barnat. 2020; 14(3): 69-79.
  • 26. Salari A, Hashemi M, Mardani A, Dadgar Moghadam M, Khyrati Z, Yousefian S, Afshari A. Assessment of Knowledge and Consumption Level of Probiotics Dairy Products among the Students and Staff of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. JNFH. 2020; 8(3), 186-191.
  • 27. Arpa Zemzemoğlu TE, Uludağ E, Uzun S. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Probiyotik Bilgi Düzeyi Ve Tüketim Durumlarının Belirlenmesi. Gıda. 2019; 44(1): 118-130.
  • 28. Rahmah PA, Khairani AF, Atik N, Arisanti N, Fatimah SN. Correlation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Probiotics for the Digestive System Among Health Science Students. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021;14:1135-1144. Published 2021 May 19. doi:10.2147/JMDH.S305670
  • 29. Betz M, Uzueta A, Rasmussen H, Gregoire M, Vanderwall C, Witowich G. Knowledge, use and perceptions of probiotics and prebiotics in hospitalised patients. Nutr Diet. 2015; 72(3), 261-266.
  • 30. Havelda L, Bencz Z, Veresné Bálint M. Knowledge, awareness, and usage of probiotics among Hungarian adults: An explorative survey. Developments in Health Sciences. 2021; 3(3), 53-57.
  • 31. Cevahir Z. Diyetisyenlerin Probiyotik Takviyeleri Konusunda Bilgi Tutum Ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul. 2020.
  • 32. Ayyash M, Al-Najjar MA, Jaber K, Ayyash L, Abu-Farha R. Assessment Of Public Knowledge And Perception About The Use Of Probiotics. Eur J Integr Med. 2021; 48, 101404. 33. Ababneh M, Elrashed N, Al-Azayzih A. Evaluation of Jordanian Healthcare Providers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Patterns Towards Probiotics. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2020;20(1):93-97. doi:10.1080/14737167.2019.1609354
  • 34. Jordan D, Johnson N, Thomas L. Probiotics In Primary Care: A Survey Of Health Professionals. Practice Nursing. 2015; 26(11), 550-554.
  • 35. Wilson Z, Whitehead K. A Cross Sectional Survey To Assess Healthcare Professionals' Attitudes To And Understanding Of Probiotics. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2019;34:104-109. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.08.004
  • 36. Thirunavakarasu R. Survey On Knowledge And Awareness Of Probiotics Among Dental Students. Int. J. Pharm. Technol. 2017; 9(1), 29129-29135.
  • 37. Chukwu OA. Assessing The Awareness And Knowledge On The Use Of Probiotics By Healthcare Professionals In Nigeria. J Young Pharm, 2016; 8(1): 53-55. doi: 10.5530/jyp.2016.1.12
  • 38. Sharma R, Gupta S, Gupta D, Kushwaha PK. Awareness And Knowledge About Probiotics Among College Students. J Pure Appl Microbiol 2019;13:2201–8. 10.22207/JPAM.13.4.33
  • 39. Pettoello-Mantovani M, Çullu Çokuğraş F, Vural M, et al. Pilot Study For The Understanding And Use Of Probiotics By Different Paediatric Healthcare Professionals Working İn Different European Countries. Ital J Pediatr. 2019;45(1):57. Published 2019 May 3. doi:10.1186/s13052-019-0648-4
  • 40. Horasan B, Sevinç Ö, Çelikyürek NA. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Probiyotik Bilgi Düzeyi ve Tüketim Durumlarının Belirlenmesi. EJOSAT. 2021; (31): 446-453.
  • 41. Kahn H. Prebiotic And Probiotic Knowledge And Consumption İn Collegiate Athletes. (2021). Honors Theses. 3379. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/honors_theses/3379
  • 42. Demirel G. Beslenme Eğitimi Alan ve Almayan Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Probiyotik Besinler Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Tüketme Durumları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim, Öğretim ve Araştırma Enstitüsü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Gazimağusa, 2018, s. 127.
  • 43. Serinçay H. Tıpta Uzmanlık Eğitimi Alan Hekimlerin Probiyotikler İle İlgili Bilgi Düzeyleri Ve Tutumları. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Aile Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı. Uzmanlık Tezi. Bursa. 2021, s. 67.

Microbiota Awareness: A Study on Nutrition and Dietetics Students

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 5 - 18, 29.03.2022

Abstract

Objective: In this research, it was aimed to determine the microbiota awareness levels of the Nutrition and Dietetics department undergraduate students and to reveal their relationship between them with certain variables.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional, descriptive type study was carried out in the 2021-2022 academic year with 248 university students enrolled in Uskudar University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Undergraduate Program. The Information Form and Microbiota Awareness Scale were implemented online through a survey created in Google Forms. IBM SPSS26® software was used to analyze the data obtained.
Results: In this research, 94.4% of the students who participated in the study were female and 5.6% were male. The mean age of the students was 21.50±3.95 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.33±3.04 kg/m2. And also, 27.4% of the students had previously been educated on microbiota and pre-probiotics, and 31% had previously used pre-probiotic supplements. Microbiota awareness level showed a positive correlation with increasing age of the students (p<0.05). In addition, microbiota awareness levels were found to be lower in those who were overweight according to BMI, enrolled in the 1st year, without a diagnosis of chronic disease, whose income was equivalent to their expenses, who had not previously been educated on/in microbiota and those who did not use pre-probiotic support (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The association of microbiota with various diseases and human health leads health professionals to provide information on this subject and to recommend functional foods. Therefore, it is seen that the subject of microbiota should be included in the curriculum of the Nutrition and Dietetics department students, who are health professionals of the future, and the level of knowledge should be increased by scientific meetings and academic studies.

Project Number

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References

  • 1. Zmora N, Suez J, Elinav E. You Are What You Eat: Diet, Health And The Gut Microbiota. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(1): 35-56. doi:10.1038/s41575-018-0061-2
  • 2. NIH HMP Working Group; Peterson J, Garges S, Giovanni M, McInnes P, Wang L, Schloss JA, et al. The NIH Human Microbiome Project. Genome Res. 2009 Dec; 19(12): 2317-23. doi: 10.1101/gr.096651.109
  • 3. Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Hamady M, Fraser-Liggett CM, Knight R, Gordon JI. The Human Microbiome Project. Nature. 2007; 449(7164): 804-810. doi:10.1038/nature06244
  • 4. Jandhyala SM, Talukdar R, Subramanyam C, Vuyyuru H, Sasikala M, Nageshwar Reddy D. Role Of The Normal Gut Microbiota. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(29): 8787-8803. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i29.8787
  • 5. Fan Y, Pedersen O. Gut Microbiota In Human Metabolic Health And Disease. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2021;19(1):55-71. doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0433-9
  • 6. Zhou Y, Hu G, Wang MC. Host And Microbiota Metabolic Signals In Aging And Longevity. Nat Chem Biol. 2021;17(10):1027-1036. doi:10.1038/s41589-021-00837-z
  • 7. Valdes AM, Walter J, Segal E, Spector TD. Role Of The Gut Microbiota In Nutrition And Health. BMJ. 2018;361:k2179. Published 2018 Jun 13. doi:10.1136/bmj.k2179
  • 8. Quigley EMM. Prebiotics and Probiotics in Digestive Health. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;17(2):333-344. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2018.09.028
  • 9. Hill C, Guarner F, Reid G, Gibson GR, Merenstein DJ, Pot B, et al. Expert Consensus Document. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics Consensus Statement On The Scope And Appropriate Use Of The Term Probiotic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;11(8):506-514. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2014.66
  • 10. Cosme F, Inês A, Vilela A. Consumer's Acceptability And Health Consciousness Of Probiotic And Prebiotic Of Non-Dairy Products. Food Res. Int. (Ottawa, Ont.). 2022 Jan;151:110842. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110842.
  • 11. Marco ML, Sanders ME, Gänzle M, Arrieta, MC, Cotter PD, De Vuyst L, et al. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) Consensus Statement On Fermented Foods. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;18(3):196-208. doi:10.1038/s41575-020-00390-5
  • 12. Gibson GR, Hutkins R, Sanders ME, Prescott SL, Reimer RA, Salminen SJ, et al. Expert Consensus Document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus Statement On The Definition And Scope Of Prebiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14(8):491-502. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75
  • 13. Mohanty D, Misra S, Mohapatra S, Sahu PS. Prebiotics and synbiotics: Recent Concepts In Nutrition. Food bioscience. 2018; 26, 152-160.
  • 14. Arshad MS, Saqlain M, Majeed A, Imran I, Saeed H, Saleem MU, et al. Cross-Sectional Study To Assess The Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitude And Practices About Probiotics Use In Pakistan. BMJ Open. 2021;11(7):e047494. Published 2021 Jul 28. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047494
  • 15. Külcü A. Mikrobiyota Farkındalık Ölçeği Geçerlilik Ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Halk Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Isparta, 2020.
  • 16. Abu-Humaidan AHA, Alrawabdeh JA, Theeb LS, Hamadneh YI, Omari MB. Evaluating Knowledge of Human Microbiota among University Students in Jordan, an Online Cross-Sectional Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(24):13324. Published 2021 Dec 17. doi:10.3390/ijerph182413324
  • 17. Pradito IY, Wardana AA, Waspodo P, Surono IS. Determinants Of Knowledge And Perception Of Probiotic By Jabodetabek College Students. Food Res. 2020; 4(5): 1815-1819.
  • 18. Altamimi E, Abu Hamed (, Alrejjal K, Fanni A. Knowledge Of Jordanian Medical Students About Probiotics And Their Health Usage. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol. 2019;2(Suppl 2):487-488. doi:10.1093/jcag/gwz006.248
  • 19. Fijan S, Frauwallner A, Varga L, Langerholc T, Rogelj I, Lorber M, et al. Health Professionals' Knowledge of Probiotics: An International Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(17):3128. Published 2019 Aug 28. doi:10.3390/ijerph16173128
  • 20. Kolady D, Kattelmann K, Vukovich C, Scaria J. Awareness And Use Of Probiotics Among The Millennials In The United States: Drivers and implications. Funct. Foods Health Dis. 2018; 8(10), 505-518.
  • 21. Yücelşengün İ. , Kırmızıgül A. , Özaydın İ. , Yarım H. Tüketicilerin Probiyotik Ve Prebiyotik Gıdalara Yönelik Bilgi Düzeyleri Ve Tüketim Durumlarının Belirlenmesi: İzmir/Bornova Örneği. Gıda. 2019;45(1):103-114.
  • 22. Barqawi HJ, Adra SF, Ramzi HR, Abouaggour MA, Almehairi SK. Evaluating The Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Of The UAE Community On Microbiota Composition And The Main Factors Affecting It: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(8):e047869. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047869
  • 23. Allah HAA, Prarthana SM. The Knowledge And Perceptions Regarding Probiotics Among The People Of Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Jhms 2019;2. 10.31014/aior.1994.02.03.56
  • 24. Aslan S, Kara R, Yaman H. Determining The Consumption Habits Related To Probiotic Products. Turk J Food Agric Sci. 2019; 7(6), 861-865.
  • 25. Pehlivan B. Yetişkin Bireylerin Probiyotik Besinleri Tüketim Sıklıklarının Ve Bilgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi. Barnat. 2020; 14(3): 69-79.
  • 26. Salari A, Hashemi M, Mardani A, Dadgar Moghadam M, Khyrati Z, Yousefian S, Afshari A. Assessment of Knowledge and Consumption Level of Probiotics Dairy Products among the Students and Staff of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. JNFH. 2020; 8(3), 186-191.
  • 27. Arpa Zemzemoğlu TE, Uludağ E, Uzun S. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Probiyotik Bilgi Düzeyi Ve Tüketim Durumlarının Belirlenmesi. Gıda. 2019; 44(1): 118-130.
  • 28. Rahmah PA, Khairani AF, Atik N, Arisanti N, Fatimah SN. Correlation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Probiotics for the Digestive System Among Health Science Students. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021;14:1135-1144. Published 2021 May 19. doi:10.2147/JMDH.S305670
  • 29. Betz M, Uzueta A, Rasmussen H, Gregoire M, Vanderwall C, Witowich G. Knowledge, use and perceptions of probiotics and prebiotics in hospitalised patients. Nutr Diet. 2015; 72(3), 261-266.
  • 30. Havelda L, Bencz Z, Veresné Bálint M. Knowledge, awareness, and usage of probiotics among Hungarian adults: An explorative survey. Developments in Health Sciences. 2021; 3(3), 53-57.
  • 31. Cevahir Z. Diyetisyenlerin Probiyotik Takviyeleri Konusunda Bilgi Tutum Ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul. 2020.
  • 32. Ayyash M, Al-Najjar MA, Jaber K, Ayyash L, Abu-Farha R. Assessment Of Public Knowledge And Perception About The Use Of Probiotics. Eur J Integr Med. 2021; 48, 101404. 33. Ababneh M, Elrashed N, Al-Azayzih A. Evaluation of Jordanian Healthcare Providers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Patterns Towards Probiotics. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2020;20(1):93-97. doi:10.1080/14737167.2019.1609354
  • 34. Jordan D, Johnson N, Thomas L. Probiotics In Primary Care: A Survey Of Health Professionals. Practice Nursing. 2015; 26(11), 550-554.
  • 35. Wilson Z, Whitehead K. A Cross Sectional Survey To Assess Healthcare Professionals' Attitudes To And Understanding Of Probiotics. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2019;34:104-109. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.08.004
  • 36. Thirunavakarasu R. Survey On Knowledge And Awareness Of Probiotics Among Dental Students. Int. J. Pharm. Technol. 2017; 9(1), 29129-29135.
  • 37. Chukwu OA. Assessing The Awareness And Knowledge On The Use Of Probiotics By Healthcare Professionals In Nigeria. J Young Pharm, 2016; 8(1): 53-55. doi: 10.5530/jyp.2016.1.12
  • 38. Sharma R, Gupta S, Gupta D, Kushwaha PK. Awareness And Knowledge About Probiotics Among College Students. J Pure Appl Microbiol 2019;13:2201–8. 10.22207/JPAM.13.4.33
  • 39. Pettoello-Mantovani M, Çullu Çokuğraş F, Vural M, et al. Pilot Study For The Understanding And Use Of Probiotics By Different Paediatric Healthcare Professionals Working İn Different European Countries. Ital J Pediatr. 2019;45(1):57. Published 2019 May 3. doi:10.1186/s13052-019-0648-4
  • 40. Horasan B, Sevinç Ö, Çelikyürek NA. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Probiyotik Bilgi Düzeyi ve Tüketim Durumlarının Belirlenmesi. EJOSAT. 2021; (31): 446-453.
  • 41. Kahn H. Prebiotic And Probiotic Knowledge And Consumption İn Collegiate Athletes. (2021). Honors Theses. 3379. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/honors_theses/3379
  • 42. Demirel G. Beslenme Eğitimi Alan ve Almayan Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Probiyotik Besinler Hakkındaki Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Tüketme Durumları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim, Öğretim ve Araştırma Enstitüsü. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Gazimağusa, 2018, s. 127.
  • 43. Serinçay H. Tıpta Uzmanlık Eğitimi Alan Hekimlerin Probiyotikler İle İlgili Bilgi Düzeyleri Ve Tutumları. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Aile Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı. Uzmanlık Tezi. Bursa. 2021, s. 67.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Pınar Hamurcu 0000-0002-7569-6984

Özlem İsmailoğlu 0000-0003-4256-2020

Project Number -
Publication Date March 29, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Hamurcu, P., & İsmailoğlu, Ö. (2022). Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology, 7(1), 5-18.
AMA Hamurcu P, İsmailoğlu Ö. Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. March 2022;7(1):5-18.
Chicago Hamurcu, Pınar, and Özlem İsmailoğlu. “Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme Ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 7, no. 1 (March 2022): 5-18.
EndNote Hamurcu P, İsmailoğlu Ö (March 1, 2022) Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 7 1 5–18.
IEEE P. Hamurcu and Ö. İsmailoğlu, “Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, J Immunol Clin Microbiol, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 5–18, 2022.
ISNAD Hamurcu, Pınar - İsmailoğlu, Özlem. “Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme Ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology 7/1 (March 2022), 5-18.
JAMA Hamurcu P, İsmailoğlu Ö. Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 2022;7:5–18.
MLA Hamurcu, Pınar and Özlem İsmailoğlu. “Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme Ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology, vol. 7, no. 1, 2022, pp. 5-18.
Vancouver Hamurcu P, İsmailoğlu Ö. Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı: Beslenme ve Diyetetik Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 2022;7(1):5-18.

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