The Impact of Genetic Variants of Angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE1, ACE2) On the Severity of COVID-19 Disease

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 4, 109 - 117

Ali Yurtseven , Tahir Atik , Enise Avcı Durmuşalioğlu , Caner Turan , Tuğçe Kalın Güngör , Funda Karbek Akarca , Eylem Ulaş Saz

https://doi.org/10.58854/jicm.1562940

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether there is a potential link between ACE1 I/D and ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphisms and COVID-19 severity.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted involving 200 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 through polymerase chain reaction testing. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and genetic analyses of ACE1 I/D and ACE2 rs2285666 genes were carried out using next-generation sequencing. Patients were classified into three groups based on disease severity: mild, moderate, and severe.
Results: The average age of participants was 52 (±27) years, with 116 (58%) being male. Among them, 120 (60%) had at least one chronic illness, and one-fourth were smokers. Fifty-two (26%) patients with severe symptoms required intensive care, and 19 (9.5%) of these individuals unfortunately passed away. Meanwhile, the remaining 74% with mild or moderate symptoms were discharged after recovering. No statistically significant association was found between ACE1 I/D and ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphisms and COVID-19 severity or mortality.
Conclusion: The results indicate that ACE1 I/D and ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphisms do not significantly impact the severity of COVID-19. Further studies including diverse ethnic groups and examining other polymorphisms are needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of these genetic influences.

Keywords

ACE, Clinical Severity, COVID-19, Genetic polymorphism

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of Ege University Faculty of Medicine (IRB‐20-12.1T/59). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or from relatives included in the study

Supporting Institution

The Scientific Research Projects of Ege University

Project Number

22525

Thanks

We are grateful to Ege University Planning and Monitoring Coordination of Organizational Development and Directorate of Library and Documentation for their support in editing and proofreading service of this study. We also would like to thank Feriştah Ferda Özkınay, Bülent Karapınar, Halit Işık, Candan Çiçek, Rüçhan Sertöz, Mehmet Sezai Taşbakan, Hüsnü Pullukçu, Meltem Taşbakan, Pınar Yazıcı Özkaya and Timur Köse.

Anjiyotensin Dönüştürücü Enzimlerin (ACE1, ACE2) Genetik Varyantlarının COVID-19 Hastalığının Şiddeti Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, ACE1 I/D ve ACE2 rs2285666 polimorfizmleri ile COVID-19 şiddeti arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma, Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemi ile COVID-19 tanısı konulan 200 hasta üzerinde prospektif, gözlemsel olarak gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya alınan olguların demografik ve klinik verileri kaydedilerek, ACE1 I/D ve ACE2 rs2285666 genlerinin genetik analizleri, yeni nesil dizi yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Vakalar, hastalığın şiddetine göre hafif, orta ve ağır olarak üç gruba ayrıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan olguların ortalama yaşı 52 (±27) yıl olup, 116'sı (%58) erkekti. Olguların 120'sinde (%60) en az bir kronik hastalık mevcutken, dörtte birinde düzenli sigara kullanımı vardı. Ağır klinik bulguları olan 52 hasta (%26) yoğun bakım servisinde tedavi edilirken ve bunların 19'u (%9,5) hayatını kaybetti. Kalan %74’lük hafif veya orta şiddette klinik semptomları olan olguların tümü iyileşerek taburcu edildi. Çalışmada ACE1 I/D ve ACE2 rs2285666 gen polimorfizmleri ile COVID-19 şiddeti veya ölüm oranı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı.
Sonuç: Bulgular, ACE1 I/D ve ACE2 rs2285666 polimorfizmlerinin COVID-19 şiddetini etkilemediğini göstermektedir. Bu ilişkinin daha kapsamlı bir şekilde anlaşılabilmesi için, farklı etnik grupları içeren ve farklı polimorfizmleri araştıran daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

ACE, Klinik ağırlık, COVİD-19, Genetik polimorfizm

Project Number

22525

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