Accumulation of Copper and Zinc in Sediments of Tigris River at Baghdad City

Year 2016, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 134 - 138, 30.06.2016

Muhammad N. Al-azzawi Muhanned R. Nashaat Dhea′a S. Ahmed

Abstract

Heavy metals are great
ecological significance pollutants due to their toxicity and accumulative behaviour.
Therefore the present study aims to
assess the concentrations of Copper and Zinc that collected from sediments of the
Tigris River at Baghdad City. Four stations were chosen on the Tigris River
along the Baghdad city, the samples were collected every 60 days from November
2010 to September 2011. The
results showed that the general annual average of Copper and Zinc sediment were
39.8 µg/g and 80.5 µg/g
respectively. The study concluded that the sediment of Tigers River was
unpolluted by Zinc but slightly polluted by Copper, Also the sediment at
station 4 showed higher values of Cu and Zn than the other stations. It may be
due to the station sediment was loamy which dominated by fine sediments and
high in organic matter which had a very high adsorption capacity.

Keywords

Sediments, Heavy Metals, Copper and Zinc, Tigris River

References

• Abdel-Baky TE, Hagras AE, Hasssan S H, Zyadah MA, (1998) Environmental impact assessment of pollution in Lake Manzala. In: Distribution of some heavy metals in water and sediment. J. Egypt Ger. Soc. Zool., 26, 25-38.
• Al‐Khafaji BY, (1996) Trace metals in water, sediments and fishes from Shatt Arab estuary, NW Arabian Gulf, PhD. Thesis, University of Basrah, Basrah.
• Al-Lami AA, Al-Jaberi H H, (2002) Heavy metals in water, suspended particles and sediment of the upper-mid region of Tigris River, Iraq. Proceedings of Inter. Symposium on Env. Pol. Control and Waste Management 7-10 Jan. 2002, Tunis, 97-102.
• APHA (American Public Health Association), (1992) Standard Methods for the Examination of water and Wastewater, 18th Ed. Washington, D.C.
• FAO, (1992) Committee for Inland Fisheries of Africa. Report of the third session of the Working Party on Pollution and Fisheries. Accra, Ghana, 25-29 November 1991. FAO Fisheries Report, 471, Rome, FAO.
• Franc S , Vinagre C, Cacador I, Henrique CN, (2005) Heavy metal concentrations in sediment, benthic invertebrates and fish in three salt marsh areas subjected to different pollution loads in the Tagus Estuary (Portugal). Baseline/Mar. Poll. Bull., 50, 993–1018.
• Garbarino JR, Hayes, HC, Roth DA, Antweiler RC, (1995) Heavy metals in the Mississippi River Geological Survey Circular. Virginia. Groot AJ, Zchuppe KH, Salomons W, (1986) Standardization of methods of analysis for heavy metals in sediments. Hydrobiol., 92, 689-695.
• Hamed MA, (1998) Distribution of trace metals in the River Nile ecosystem, Damietta branch between Mansoura city and Damietta Province. J. Egypt. Ger. Soc. Zoo., 27, 399-415.
• Hickling CF, (1962) Fish Culture. Faber and Faber. London. 295p.
• Janes N, Playle RC, (1995) Modelling Silver Binding to gill of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 14, 1847-1858. Kassim Th I, Al-Saadi HA, Al-Lami AA, Al-Jaberi HH, (1997) Heavy metal in water, suspended particles, sediments and aquatic plants of the upper region of the Euphrates River, Iraq. J. of Envir. Science and Health. Part A, 32, 2497-2506.
• Mason CF, (1998) Biology of freshwater pollution. 3nd Addison Wesley Longman Limited, London, England.
• Nguyen H, Leermakers M, Osan J, Tfrfk S, Baeyens W, (2005) Heavy metals in Lake Balaton: water column, suspended matter, sediment and biota. Sci. Total Environ., 340, 213-230.
• Petersen RC, Hargeby A and Kullberg A, (1987) Biological Importance of Humic Material in Acidified Waters. National Swedish Environment Protection Board, Solna. Sweden: 149pp.
• Rasheed Kh A, Sabri AW, Al-Lami AA, Kassim ThI, Shawkat SF, (2001) Distribution of some heavy metals in water suspended solids, sediments, fishes and aquatic plants of river Tigris. Sci. J. Atomic Energy Commission, 3, 196-207.
• Reynoldson TB, (1987) Interactions between sediment contaminants and benthic organisms. Hydrobiologia, 149, 53- 66.
• Sabri AW Al-Jubori S, Al-Lami AA, (2001). Movment of Some Heavy metals (radioactive and stable nuclides) in the food chain of Tigris River Impoundment Samarra. Wat. Res., 27, 1099-1103.
• Soares HMVM; Boaventura RAR, Machado AASC, Esteves de Silva JCG, (1999). Sediments as monitors of heavy metal contamination in the Ave River basin(Portugal): multivariate analysis of data. Environ. Pollut, 105, 311-323.
• Solomons W, Förstner U, (1984). Metals in the hydrocycle. Springer, Berlin.
• Thomson EA, Luoma SN, Johansson CE, Cain DJ, (1987) Coparisonof sediment and organisms in identifying sources of biologically available trace metal contamination. Wat. Res., 18, 755-765.
• Tsai LJ, Ho ST, Yu KC, (2003) Correlation of extractable heavy metals with organic matters in contaminated rivers sediments. Water Sci. & Tech., 47, 101-107.