<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>caku jiss</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1309-3738</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2791-9374</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Cankiri Karatekin University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54558/jiss.1890277</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Customer Relationship Management</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Müşteri İlişkileri Yönetimi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Intention to Boycott Israeli Goods in Generation Z Based on Gender and Education: An Analysis Withinthe Framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Cinsiyet ve Eğitim Temelinde Z Kuşağında İsrail Mallarını Boykot Etme Niyeti: Planlı Davranış Teorisi Çerçevesinde Bir İnceleme</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-8268</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kartal</surname>
                                    <given-names>Cihat</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Kırıkkale Üniversitesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260429">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>29</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>17</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>257</fpage>
                                        <lpage>266</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20260216">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>16</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260405">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>05</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2010, Journal of Institute of Social Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2010</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Institute of Social Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Aim: Boycotts are initiatives whereby consumers refrain from purchasing certain products or brands in pursuit of specific goals. Today&#039;s businesses are aware that consumers&#039; preferences are not solely determined by product features or prices, but also by the impact of ethical, political and social events. In this context, consumers have taken on an activist role. The Z generation, which is heavily influenced by social media, represents many characteristics of consumer society. This generation is highly computer literate and has the power to influence large audiences with the content they produce. Therefore, this study aims to examine the intention of Generation Z individuals in Turkey to boycott Israeli goods within the framework of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), based on gender and education level. Method: The population of this study consists of representatives of Generation Z in Turkey. The data for this study, involving 412 participants, was obtained from students at Kırıkkale University and their immediate circles residing in various provinces. The data was collected through mixed methods in face-to-face interviews. The sample set consists of data from approximately 460 participants. However, questionnaires that were incomplete, incorrectly filled out, or avoided answering were excluded from the evaluation, and responses from 412 participants were evaluated. The questionnaire questions were designed as a five-point Likert scale, and the quantitative data used in the research were obtained as primary data. The research data were analysed using SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software. Results: Participants were balanced in terms of gender at 48% and 52%, and data was obtained from various educational levels. Findings indicate that participants&#039; boycott intentions (M=3.45) were at a moderate level, their attitudes towards the boycott were positive (M=4.12), the influence of their social environment was found to be at a medium-high level (M=3.67), and participants had a medium level of perception (M=3.28) regarding their intention to boycott or actually boycott/not boycott. Multiple linear regression results show that the TPB strongly supports explaining boycott intention. Furthermore, while examining the effect of gender on boycott intention, no statistically significant result was found, but it was observed that boycott intention increased with higher education levels. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that the intention to boycott Israeli goods among Generation Z is strongly explained within the TPB framework and that attitude is the most important predictor. It was found that gender did not make a difference in boycott intention, while educational level had a significant effect. Originality: Explaining Generation Z&#039;s purchasing behaviour in relation to boycotts within the framework of planned behaviour theories is a previously unexplored topic, and the results constitute originality for the field.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Amaç: Boykotlar, tüketicinin belli hedefler doğrultusunda bazı ürünleri ya da markaları satın almaktan kaçınması girişimidir. Günümüz işletmeleri, tüketicilerin tercihlerini ortaya koyarken sadece ürünün özellikleri ya da fiyatlarının belirleyici olmadığını, yanı sıra yaşanan etik, siyasal ve sosyal olayların etkilerinin de dikkate alınması gerektiğinin bilincindedirler. Bu bağlamda tüketiciler aktivist bir rol üstlenmişlerdir. Sosyal medyadan fazlasıyla etkilenen Z kuşağı tüketim toplumunun birçok özelliğini temsil etmektedir. Bu kuşak iyi derecede bilgisayar kullanabilen ve üretmiş oldukları içerikler ile geniş kitleleri etkileyebilme gücüne sahip bir kuşaktır. Bu nedenle araştırma, Türkiye’deki Z kuşağı bireylerin İsrail mallarını boykot etme niyetini, Planlı Davranış Teorisi (PDT) çerçevesinde, cinsiyet ve eğitim düzeyi temelinde incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Yöntem: Bu araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye&#039;deki Z kuşağı temsilcileri oluşturmaktadır. 412 Katılımcıdan oluşan bu araştırmanın verileri Kırıkkale Üniversitesi öğrencileri ve onların çeşitli illerde yerleşik durumda bulunan yakın çevreleri üzerinden elde edilmiştir. Veriler yüz yüze görüşme ortamında karma teknikler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Örneklemde yaklaşık 460 katılımcıdan oluşan ham veri seti bulunmaktadır. Ancak eksik ya da hatalı doldurulan ya da cevaplanmasından kaçınılan anketler çıkarılarak 412 kişilik yanıt değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Anket soruları beşli Likert olarak tasarlanmış olup, araştırmada kullanılan nicel veriler birincil veri olarak elde edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri SPSS 26 ve AMOS 24 programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcılar cinsiyet yönünde %48 ve %52 ile dengeli olup, çeşitli eğitim düzeylerinden veriler elde edilmiştir. Bulgular katılımcıların boykot niyetlerinin (M=3.45) orta seviyede, boykota yönelik tutumlarının olumlu (M=4.12) olduğunu, içinde bulundukları sosyal çevre etkilerinin orta-üst seviyede (M=3.67) bulunduğunu ve katılımcıların boykota niyetlenmeleri ya da fiili olarak boykot yapıp/yapmama konusunda orta düzeyde(M=3.28) algıya sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Çoklu lineer regresyon sonuçları, (PDT)’nin boykot niyetini açıklamada güçlü biçimde destek verdiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca cinsiyetin boykot niyeti üzerindeki etkisi incelendiğinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir sonuca ulaşmadığı tespit edilirken, eğitim yükseldikçe boykot niyetinin de arttığı görülmüştür. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, Z kuşağında İsrail mallarını boykot etme niyetinin, PDT çerçevesinde güçlü bir şekilde açıklandığını ve tutumun en önemli yordayıcı olduğunu göstermiştir. Cinsiyetin, boykot niyetinde fark yaratmadığı, eğitim seviyesinin ise anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Özgünlük: Z Kuşağının satın alma eylemlerinin, planlı davranış teorileri çerçevesinde, boykot ile ilişkilendirilerek açıklanması daha önceden incelenmemiş bir konu olup sonuçlar alan yazın için özgünlük oluşturmaktadır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Boykot niyeti</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  planlı davranış teorisi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  z kuşağı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  İsrail malları</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Boycott intention</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  planned behaviour theory</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Generation Z</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Israeli goods</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Antmen, C. (2017). Politik Tüketimin Yükselişi. Erişim tarihi: 02.10.2025. Erişim adresi: https://stratejico.com/politik-tuketimin-yukselisi/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ajzen, I. &amp; Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ajzen, I. (2002). Constructing a Theory of Planned Behavior Questionnaire, TPB Questionnaire Construction. Erişim tarihi: 02.10.2025. Erişim adresi: https://people.umass.edu/aizen/pdf/tpb.measurement.pdf</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Braunsberger, K. &amp; Buckler, B. (2011). What Motivates Consumers to Participate in Boycotts: Lessons From the Ongoing Canadian Seafood Boycott. Journal of Business Research, 64(1), 96-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.12.008</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cançelik, M. &amp; Kırkbir, F. (2020). Siyasal Tüketicilik: Türk Tüketicileri Üzerinde Bir Uygulama, Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 7(2), 1481-1499. https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.706063</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cialdini, R. B., Kallgren, C. A. &amp; Reno, R. R. (1991). A Focus Theory of Normative Conduct: A Theoretical Refinement and Reevaluation of the Role of Norms in Human Behavior, Advances in Experimental Social 
Psychology, 24(1991), 201-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60330-5</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çetin, M. &amp; Baydar, F. (2021). Öğrenen Örgüt Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 54, 75-96. https://doi.org/10.15285/maruaebd.813670</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Farah, M. F. &amp; Newman, A. J. (2010). Exploring Consumer Boycott Intelligence Using a Socio-Cognitive Approach. Journal of Business Research, 63(4), 347-355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.03.019</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Friedman, M. (1999). Consumer Boycotts: Effecting Change Through The Market Place and The Media. Routledge.1st. ed.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. &amp; Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage., Erişim adresi: https://eli.johogo.com/Class/CCU/SEM/_Multivariate%20Data%20Analysis_Hair.pdf</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hoffmann, S. &amp; Müller, S. (2009). Consumer boycotts due to factory relocation. Journal of Business Research, 62(2), 239-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.01.031</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hoffmann, S. (2013). Home Country Bias in the Moral Obligation to Boycott Offshoring Companies, Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 21(4), 371-388. https://doi.org/ 10.2753/MTP1069-6679210402</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Keskün, C. (2025). Planlı Davranış Teorisi Nedir?. Erişim tarihi: 02.10.2025. Erişim adresi: https://unipsikoloji.com/planli-davranis-teorisi-nedir/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Klein, J. G., Smith, N. C. &amp; John, A. (2004). Why we boycott: Consumer motivations for boycott participation. Erişim tarihi: 04.11.2025. Erişim adresi: 
file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/Why_We_Boycott_Consumer_Motivations_for-1.pdf</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Micheletti, M. (2003). Political virtue and shopping: Individuals, consumerism, and collective action. (ed.M.Micheletti), NY., Palgrave Macmillan</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Micheletti, M. &amp; Stolle, D. (2012). Sustainable citizenship and the new politics of consumption. The AAPSS-ANNALS of the American Academy of Politicaland Social Science, Sage Journals, 644(1), 88-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716212454836</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Neilson, L. A. (2010). Boycott or buycott? Understanding political consumerism. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 9(3), 214-227. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.313</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Noble, S.M., Haytko, D.L. &amp; Phillips, J. (2009). What drives college-age Generation Y consumers?, Journal of Business Research, 62(6), 617-628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.01.020</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nunnally, J. C., &amp; Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometrictheory (3rd ed.). New York, McGraw-Hill, US., Erişim tarihi: 08.12.2025. Erişim adresi: https://www.scribd.com/document/366667341/Jum-Nunnally-Ira-Bernstein-Psychometric-Theory</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sen, S., Gürhan-Canli, Z. &amp; Morwitz, V. (2001). With holding consumption: A social dilemma perspective on consumer boycotts. Journal of Consumer Research, 28(3), 399-417. https://doi.org/10.1086/323729</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Solomon, M. R. (2020). Consumer Behavior: Buying, having, and being (13th ed.). Harlow: Pearson</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Stolle, D., Hooghe, M. &amp; Micheletti, M. (2005). Politics in the supermarket: Political consumerism as a form of political participation. International Political Science Review, 26(3), 245-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512105053784</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Terry, D. J. &amp; O’Leary, J. E. (1995). The theory of planned behaviour: The effects of perceived behavioural control and self‐efficacy. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34(2), 199-220. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1995.tb01058.x</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
