j. inst. sci. and tech. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 2536-4618 Igdir University 10.21597/jist.1273594 Chemical Engineering Kimya Mühendisliği Bazı Hurma Çeşitlerinde Yaygın Olarak Kullanılan Pestisitlerin Belirlenmesi, Geri Kazanımı ve Antioksidan özelliklerinin Araştırılması Determination, Recovery and Investigation of Antioxidant Properties of Commonly Used Pesticides in Some Types of Date Fruits https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0821-6012 Yılmaz Güldeniz KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4268-6891 Akın Mustafa Petroyağ ve Kimyasallar San. ve Tic. A.Ş https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2215-1622 Şaki Neslihan KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ 12 01 2023 13 4 2861 2874 05 04 2023 08 08 2023 Copyright © 2011, Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 2011 Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology

Bu çalışmada, hurmaların antioksidan aktivite özelliklerini belirlemek için İran, Medine, Tunus, Kudüs ve Bağdat olmak üzere farklı ülkelerden ithal edilen beş çeşit hurma seçilmiştir. Ayrıca hurma bitkilerinde kullanılan 10 adet pestisit kalıntısı analiz edilmiş ve pestisit kalıntılarının geri kazanım kullanımına etkileri araştırılmıştır. Hurma ekstraktlarının antioksidan aktiviteleri DPPH ve Folin–Ciocalteu fenol reaktif deneyleri kullanılarak belirlendi. Pestisit kalıntı çalışmaları LC-MS-MS tekniği kullanılarak, geri kazanım çalışmaları ise AOAC.2007.01 ve 15662 Quechers yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hurma meyvesinin antioksidan aktivitesi ve toplam fenol içeriği lokasyon, genetik değişkenlik, çevresel özellikler, olgunlaşma aşamaları ve ekstraksiyon yöntemlerinden etkilenmiştir. Ekstraktlarda çok sayıda kalıntı pestisit tespit edilmiştir. Medine hurma meyvesinde bulunan Dioxacarb kalıntısının tolerans limitinin üzerinde olduğu belirlendi. AOAC 2007.01 Quechers yöntemine göre en yüksek Chlorpyrifos Methylin geri kazanımı Medine hurmasında 57.069 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan çalışmada hurma ekstratlarının standart antioksidanlara oranla daha düşük antioksidan aktivite gösterdiği tespit edildi. Hurmalarda yapılan pestisit analizlerinde birçok pestisit kalıntısı tespit edildi ve bazılarının belirlenen limitlerin üzerinde olduğu tespit edildi. Gıda maddelerindeki pestisit kalıntı miktarlarının daha önceden tespit edilip tolerans sınırlarını geçmemesi gerek tüketici sağlığı açısından ve gerekse ihraç gıda ürünlerinin geri dönmemesi açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Çalışma kapsamında Hurma meyvesinde yaygın kullanılan pestisit kalıntıları analiz edilerek belirlenmiştir.

In this study, five types of dates imported from different countries, namely Iran, Medina, Tunisia, Jerusalem, and Baghdad, were selected to determine the antioxidant activity properties of dates. In addition, 10 pesticide residues used in date plants were analyzed and the effects of pesticide residues on recovery using were investigated. Antioxidant activities of the date extracts were determined by using DPPH and Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent assays. Pesticide residue studies were performed by using LC-MS-MS technique and recovery studies were carried out by using AOAC.2007.01 and 15662 Quechers methods Antioxidant activity and total phenol contents of date fruit were affected by location, genetic variability, environmental characteristics, maturation stages, and extraction methods. A lot of residual pesticides were determined in the extracts. It was determined that the Dioxacarb residue in the Medina date fruit was above the tolerance limit. According to AOAC 2007.01 Quechers method, the highest recovery of Chlorpyrifos Methylin was found as 57.069 in Medina date. In the study, it was determined that date extracts showed lower antioxidant activity compared to standard antioxidants. Many pesticide residues were detected in the pesticide analyzes made on dates, and some of them were found to be above the specified limits. It is of great importance that the pesticide residue amounts in foodstuffs are determined beforehand and not exceed the tolerance limits, both in terms of consumer health and in terms of not returning the exported food products. Within the scope of the study, pesticide residues commonly used in Date fruit were analyzed and determined.

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