Iğdır İli Partiküler Kirlilik Düzeyi ve Partiküler Kirliliğin Diğer Kirleticiler ile İlişkileri

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 878 - 887, 01.06.2020

Aysun Altıkat

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.630541

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu araştırmada Iğdır ilinde hava kirleticiler ile atmosferdeki PM10 konsantrasyonu arasındaki korelasyonlar mevsimsel bazda incelenerek etki düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Veri seti olarak Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı Ulusal Hava Kalitesi İzleme Ağı’ndan 2016-2017, 2017-2018 ve 2018-2019 yıllarına ait; SO2, NOx, NO, O3, NO2 ve PM10 konsantrasyonlarından yararlanılmıştır. Belirtilen tarihler arasında günlük ölçümler dikkate alınarak yapılan araştırmada toplamda 6630 adet veri seti kullanılmıştır. Kirleticilerin PM10 üzerindeki etki düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla veriler Spearman’s korelasyon testlerine tabi tutulmuş ve mevsimsel bazda kirleticiler ile PM10 arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre tüm yıllarda en yüksek PM10 konsantrasyonu sonbahar ve kış periyotlarında elde edilmiştir. Buna ilaveten, ildeki diğer kirleticilerle kıyaslandığında partiküler kirlilik ile NOx, NO ve NO2 kirleticileri arasında daha yüksek oranda doğrusal bir bağıntı olduğu gözlenmiştir. Tüm mevsimlerde atmosferdeki O3 ile PM10 konsantrasyonu arasında ters orantılı bir değişim belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, kirleticiler arasında PM10 ve NOx konsantrasyonlarının tüm yıllar ve mevsimlerde üst limit değerinin üzerinde olduğu belirlenirken O3 konsantrasyonu ise sadece 2017-2018 ve 2018-2019 yıllarının kış periyodunda üst sınır değerinin üzerinde seyretmiştir.

Keywords

Partiküler kirlilik, azot oksitler, kükürt dioksit, troposferik ozon, korelasyon, PM10

Particulate Pollution Level and Relations of Particulate Pollution with Other Pollutants in Iğdır

Abstract

In this study, correlations between air pollutants and PM10 concentration in Iğdır were examined on a seasonal basis and their effect levels were determined. The data set including SO2, NOx, NO, O3, NO2 and PM10 concentrations was obtained from the National Air Quality Monitoring Network of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization for the years 2016-2017, 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. A total of 6630 data sets were used in the study, which was carried out by taking daily measurements into consideration. In order to determine the effect levels of pollutants on PM10, the data were subjected to Spearman’s correlation tests and the relationships between pollutants and PM10 on a seasonal basis were examined. According to the results of the research, the highest PM10 concentration was obtained in autumn and winter periods in all years. In addition, there is a higher linear correlation between particulate pollution and NOx, NO and NO2 pollutants compared to other pollutants in the province. In all seasons, an inversely proportional change was observed between the concentration of O3 and PM10 in the atmosphere. In addition, while PM10 and NOx concentrations among pollutants were determined to be above the upper limit in all years and seasons, O3 concentration remained above the upper limit only in the winter period of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019.

Keywords

Particulate pollution, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, tropospheric ozone, correlation, PM10

References

• Aher SB, Dobhal BS, Awasthi RS, 2014. Spatial and Temporal Variations of SO2, NOx, PM10 and TSPM Concentration in Ambient Air of Jalna City, India. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment & Biotechnology, 7(3): 571-579.
• Akyüz M, Çabuk H, 2009. Meteorological Variations of PM2.5/PM10 Concentrations and Particle-Associated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Atmospheric Environment of Zonguldak, Turkey. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 170:13-21.
• Bralic M, Buljac M, Peris N, Buzuk M, Dabic P, Brinic S, 2012. Monthly and Seasonal Variations of NO2, SO2 and Black-smoke Located Within the Sport District in Urban Area, City of Split. Croatia, Croatica Chemica Acta, 85 (2): 139–145.
• Cakmak S, Dales RE, Vidal CB, 2007. Air Pollution and Mortality in Chile: Susceptibility Among the Elderly. Environmental Health Perspectives, 115,524.
• Chakra ORA, Joyeux M, Nerriere E, Strub MP, Zmirou-Navier D, 2007. Genotoxicity of Organic Extracts of Urban Airborne Particulate Matter: An Assessment Within a Personal Exposure Study. Chemosphere, 66: 1375-1381.
• Choi YS, Ho CH, Chen D, Noh YH, Song CK, 2008. Spectral Analysis of Weekly Variation in PM10 Mass Concentration and Meteorological Conditions over China. Atmospheric Environment, 42: 655-666.
• ÇŞB (Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı), 2019. Ulusal Hava Kalitesi İzleme Ağı. http://mobil.havaizleme.gov.tr/Default.ltr.aspx. Erişim Tarihi: 15 Eylül 2019.
• Doğruparmak ŞÇ, Özbay B, 2011. Investigating Correlations and Variations of Air Pollutant Concentrations under Conditions of Rapid Industrialization – Kocaeli (1987–2009). CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water, 39(7): 597–604.
• Fleming J, Stern R, Yamartino RJ, 2005. A New Air Quality Regime Classification Scheme for O3, NO2, SO2 and PM10 Observations Sites. Atmospheric Environment, 39, 6121 – 6129.
• Gümrükçüoğlu M, Soylu S, 2011. Adapazarı’nda Isınma Kaynaklı Hava Kirliliğinin İncelenmesi. TMMOB Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kongresi, 31 Ekim – 04 Kasım, Antalya.
• Harrison RM, Jones AM, Lawrence RG, 2004. Major Component Composition of PM10 and PM2.5 from Roadside and Urban Background Sites. Atmospheric Environment, 38, 4531-4538.
• İlek F, Elbir T, 2012. İzmir Körfezi’nde Toplu Taşım Yapan Deniz Taşıtlarından Kaynaklanan Hava Kirleticilerinin Kent Atmosferindeki Dağılımlarının EPA-ISCST3 Modeli ile Belirlenmesi. Hava Kirliliği Araştırmaları Dergisi, Sayı: 12-1, 2-9.
• Kappos AD, Bruckmann P, Eikmann T, Englert N, Heinrich U, Hoppe P, 2004. Health Effects of Particles in Ambient Air, International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 207, 399.
• Künzli N, Tager IB, 2005. Air Pollution: From Lung to Heart. Environmental Research, 99: 344-354.
• Liu Y, Park RJ, Jacob DJ, Li Q, Kilaru V, Sarnat JA, 2004. Mapping Annual Mean Ground-Level PM2.5 Concentrations Using Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer Aerosol Optical Thickness over the Contiguous United States. Journal of Geophysical Reserarch, 109, 1-10. Markovic DM, Markovic DA, Jovanic A, Lazic L, Mijic Z, 2007. Determination of O3, NO2, SO2, CO and PM10 Measured in Belgrade Urban Area. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,145:349-359.
• Nafstad P, Haheim L, Oftedal B, Gram F, Holme I, Hjermann I, 2003. Lung Cancer and Air Pollution: A 27 Year Follow Up of 16 209 Norwegian Men. Thorax, 58:1071-1076.
• Özdemir F, 2008. Türkiye Genelinde Kükürt Dioksit ve Partiküler Madde Kirlilik Dağılımlarının Analizi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi (Basılmış).
• Pozzi R, Berardis BD, Paoletti L, Guastadisegni C, 2005. Winter urban air particles from Rome (Italy): effects on the monocytic-macrophagic RAW 264.7 cell line. Environmental Reserach, 99(3):344-54.
• Qiu H, Yu IT, Tian L, Wang X, Tse LA, Tam W, 2012. Effects of Coarse Particulate Matter on Emergency Hospital Admissions for Respiratory Diseases: A Timeseries Analysis İn Hong Kong. Environmental Health Perspectives, 120: 572-576.
• Srinivas J, Purushotham AV, 2013. Determination of Air Quality Index Status in Industrial Areas of Visakhapatnam, India. Research Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol. 2(6), 13-24.
• Zeger SL, Thomas D, Dominici F, Samet JM, Schwartz J, Docker YD, 2000. Exposure Measurement Error in Time-Series Studies of Air Pollution: Concepts and Consequences. Environmental Health Perspectives, 108: 419-426.
• Zou KH, Tuncali K, Silverman SG, 2003. Correlation and Simple Linear Regression. Radiology, 227(3):617-22.