Pre-Sowıng Seed Applications in Some Orchid Species and The Effect of These Applications on Seed Germination and Development

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 2476 - 2484, 01.12.2023

İbrahim Özkoç , Mustafa Bilgi , Cem Tolga Gürkanlı , Luau Mustafa

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1357244

Abstract

When it comes to the development of plants, the first step is the healthy germination of the plant seed. The realization of this situation can be more difficult when it comes to orchids compared to other plant species. In this study, in-vitro germination of orchid seeds was observed. Abiotic factors such as temperature, drought and Ph can create stress against seed germination and have an inhibitory effect on seed germination. In order to prevent this situation, the seeds are covered with biological agents by some methods. In this study, by using endophytic bacteria and fungal isolates isolated in our previous studies, the seeds were covered with biopriming applications in the laboratory and it was observed whether there was a positive effect on the germination of orchid seeds. In the evaluation, it was observed that the mixtures containing both endophytic fungal and bacterial samples were the most effective treatments. This study constitutes the first example of both fungal and bacterial probiotic testing in orchids.

Keywords

PGPR, Bio-priming, Germination, Endophytic Bacteria and, Fungi

Bazı Orkide Türlerinde Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları ve Bu Uygulamaların Tohum Çimlenme ve Gelişmesine Olan Etkisi

Abstract

Bitkilerin gelişimi söz konusu olduğunda öncelikle ilk aşama bitki tohumunun sağlıklı bir şekilde çimlenmesidir. Bu durumun gerçekleşmesi orkideler söz konusu olduğunda diğer bitki türlerine göre daha zor olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmamızda elimizde bulunan orkide tohumlarının in-vitro olarak çimlenmesi gözlemlenmiştir. Sıcaklık, kuraklık, Ph gibi abiyotik faktörler, tohum çimlenmesine karşı stres oluşturabilmektedir ve tohumun çimlenmesini engelleyici etkiye sahip olmaktadır. Bu durumu engelleyebilmek için tohumların bazı yöntemlerle biyolojik ajanlarla kaplanması sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmamızda, daha öneceki çalışmalarımızda izole ettiğimiz endofitik bakteri ve fungal izolatlar kullanılarak, laboratuvar ortamında tohumlar biyopriming uygulamalara tabii tutularak kaplanmış ve orkide tohumlarının çimlenmelerine olumlu bir etkisi olup olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmede özellikle hem endofitik fungal ve bakteri örneklerini içeren karışımların en etkili işlemler olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma orkidelerde hem fungal hem de bakteriyel probiyotik denemesinin ilk örneğini oluşturmaktadır.

Keywords

PGPR, Bio-priming, Çimlenme, Endofitik Bakteri ve Fungus

References

• Abd El Baky, H., A Nofal, O., & S El Baroty, G. (2016). Enhancement of antioxidant enzymes activities, drought stress tolerances and quality of potato plants as response to algal foliar application. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 8(1), 70-77.
• Abhilash, P. C., Dubey, R. K., Tripathi, V., Gupta, V. K., & Singh, H. B. (2016). Plant growth-promoting microorganisms for environmental sustainability. Trends in Biotechnology, 34(11), 847-850.
• Acemi, A., & Özen, F. A. Z. I. L. (2019). Optimization of in vitro asymbiotic seed germination protocol for Serapias vomeracea. Eurobiotech Journal, 3.
• Altinkaynak, H., & Ozkoc, I. (2020). Isolation and molecular characterization of plant growth promoting bacteria from the rhizosphere of orchids in Turkey. Rhizosphere, 16, 100280.
• Çebi Kılıçoğlu M 2009. Karadeniz Sahil Şeridinde Fasulye Bitkisi ve Rizosfer Bölgesinden İzole Edilen Multinükleat Rhizoctonia spp’nin Genetik Çeşitliliğinin Belirlenmesi Doktora Tezi, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
• Eşitken, A., Ercişli, S., Eken, C., & Tay, D. (2004). Seed priming effect of sybiotic germination and seedling development of Orchis palustris Jack. Hortscience, 39(7), 1700-1701.
• Gosal, S. K., & Kaur, J. (2017). Microbial inoculants: a novel approach for better plant microbiome interactions. Probiotics in agroecosystem, 269-289.
• Halmer, P. (2000). Commercial seed treatment technology. Seed Technology and Its Biological Basis. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, England, 257-286.
• Kaur, S., Dhaliwal, L., & Kaur, P. (2008). Impact of climate change on wheat disease scenario in Punjab. Journal of Research, 45(3-4), 161-170.
• Keswani, C., Mishra, S., Sarma, B. K., Singh, S. P., & Singh, H. B. (2014). Unraveling the efficient applications of secondary metabolites of various Trichoderma spp. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 98, 533-544.
• Kumar, A., Droby, S., White, J. F., Singh, V. K., Singh, S. K., Zhimo, V. Y., & Biasi, A. (2020). Endophytes and seed priming: agricultural applications and future prospects. In Microbial endophytes (pp. 107-124). Woodhead Publishing.
• Mahmood, A., & Kataoka, R. (2019). Application of endophytes through seed priming. Priming and Pretreatment of Seeds and Seedlings: Implication in Plant Stress Tolerance and Enhancing Productivity in Crop Plants, 509-521.
• Nancy, KB., Vavrina, CS., & Kloepper, JW. (1997). Amendment of Muskmelon and Watermelon Transplant Media with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria: Effects on Seedling Quality, Disease and Nematode Resistance, Hort technology, 13(3): 476-482
• Ogoshi, A., Cook, R. J., & Bassett, E. N. (1990). Rhizoctonia species and anastomosis groups causing root rot of wheat and barley in the Pacific Northwest. Phytopathology, 80(9), 784-788.
• Özkoç, I., & Dalcı, M. (1993). Germination of the seeds Serapias vomeracea (Burm fil.) Briq. subsp. laxiflora (Soo’) Gölz et. Reinhard (Orchidaceae) through asymbiotic culture techniques. Turkish Journal of Biology, 17, 5-11.
• Özkoç, İ., & Özdener, Y. (1997). Bazı Orkidelerde Mikrorizal Fungusların (Rhizoctonia Spp.) Tesbiti.
• Özkoç, İ., Kömpe Özdener, Y., & Mutlu Akın, V. (2015). Spiranthes spiralis Funguslarının Moleküler Tekniklerle Tanımlanması ve Tohum Çimlenmesi Üzerine Bu FunguslarınEtkileri, Tubitak 1002 Projesi, Proje No: 113Z849.
• Pradhan, N., Fan, X., Martini, F., Chen, H., Liu, H., Gao, J., & Goodale, U. M. (2022). Seed viability testing for research and conservation of epiphytic and terrestrial orchids. Botanical studies, 63(1), 1-14.
• Rush, C. M. (1991). Comparison of seed priming techniques with regard to seedling emergence and Pythium damping-off in sugar beet. Phytopathology, 81(8), 878-882.
• Saboor, A., Mustafa, G., Arshad, M., Ahmad, M., Hussain, S., Ahmed, N., ... & Ali, M. A. (2019). Seed priming and metal/metalloid stress tolerance in plants. Priming and Pretreatment of Seeds and Seedlings: Implication in Plant Stress Tolerance and Enhancing Productivity in Crop Plants, 287-311.
• Samson, A. R., Hoekstra, E. S., Frisvad, J. C., & Filtenborg, O. (1995). Introduction to Food-Borne Fungi p. 64. CBS, The Netherlands.
• Santoyo, G., Moreno-Hagelsieb, G., del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda, M., & Glick, B. R. (2016). Plant growth-promoting bacterial endophytes. Microbiological research, 183, 92-99.
• Sezik, E. (1984). Orkidelerimiz Turkiye’nin Orkideleri, Sandoz Kültür Yayınları No 6, Güzel Sanatlar Matbaası AS. Istanbul. Tekinşen, KK, Güner, A.(2010). Chemical Composition And Physicochemical Properties Of Tubera Salep Produced From.
• Sukanya, V., Patel, R. M., Suthar, K. P., & Singh, D. (2018). An overview: Mechanism involved in biopriming mediated plant growth promotion. Int. J. Pure Appl. Biosci, 6(5), 771-783.
• Taylor, A. G., & Harman, G. E. (1990). Concepts and technologies of selected seed treatments. Annual review of phytopathology, 28(1), 321-339.
• Tsavkelova, E. A., Egorova, M. A., Leontieva, M. R., Malakho, S. G., Kolomeitseva, G. L., & Netrusov, A. I. (2016). Dendrobium nobile Lindl. seed germination in co-cultures with diverse associated bacteria. Plant Growth Regulation, 80, 79-91.