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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Öğretim Teknolojileri ve Öğretmen Eğitimi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2149-4495</issn>
                                                                                                        <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Karadeniz Technical University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51960/jitte.1832190</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Instructional Technologies</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Öğretim Teknolojileri</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL TOOLS USED IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES IN THE FIELD OF ROBOTIC CODING</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>ROBOTİK KODLAMA ALANINDA FARKLI ÜLKELERDE KULLANILAN EĞİTİM ARAÇLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6546-068X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Cansız</surname>
                                    <given-names>Sultan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ÖZEL NET KOLEJİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260408">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>08</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>14</volume>
                                                    <fpage>16</fpage>
                                        <lpage>36</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20251128">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>28</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260216">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>16</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2012, Journal of Instructional Technologies and Teacher Education</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Instructional Technologies and Teacher Education</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Robotics coding education, which plays a crucial role in acquiring 21st-century skills in the digital age, varies across countries depending on educational policies and technological infrastructure. This study compared robotics programming instructional tools used in Finland, South Korea, the US, and Türkiye in terms of pedagogical approaches, technical features, target groups, learning outcomes, and cost-effectiveness. Using a multiple case study design and document analysis as qualitative research methods, the study comprehensively examined each country&#039;s national curricula, policy documents, and common hardware and software platforms (LEGO, VEX, Arduino, Micro:bit, Scratch, etc.). The results indicate that tool selection is directly related to the countries&#039; educational philosophies. Finland emphasizes early, playful exploration and the implementation of ideas. South Korea emphasizes competitive design and advanced technical skills. The US utilizes various hybrid models, while Turkey utilizes cost-effective and project-based tools. The analysis revealed that Türkiye has made progress in algorithmic thinking and project development processes, but structural changes are needed in the areas of early childhood integration, transition to advanced engineering skills, and standardized teacher education, and recommendations were made to create a sustainable ecosystem in this area.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Dijital çağda 21. yüzyıl becerilerinin edinilmesinde önemli bir rol oynayan robotik kodlama eğitimi, ülkelerde eğitim politikalarına ve teknolojik altyapıya bağlı olarak farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada Finlandiya, Güney Kore, ABD ve Türkiye&#039;de kullanılan robotik programlama öğretim araçları pedagojik yaklaşımlar, teknik özellikler, hedef gruplar, öğrenme çıktıları ve maliyet etkinliği açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri olarak çoklu vaka çalışması tasarımı ve doküman analizi kullanılan çalışmada her ülkenin ulusal müfredatları, politika belgeleri ve ortak donanım ve yazılım platformları (LEGO, VEX, Arduino, Micro:bit, Scratch vb.) kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, araç seçiminin doğrudan ülkelerin eğitim felsefeleriyle ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Finlandiya erken, eğlenceli keşfi ve fikirlerin uygulanmasını vurgulamaktadır. Güney Kore rekabetçi tasarım ve gelişmiş teknik becerileri vurgulamaktadır. ABD çeşitli hibrit modeller kullanmaktadır. Türkiye ise maliyet etkin ve proje tabanlı araçlara kullanmaktadır. Yapılan analizde, Türkiye&#039;nin algoritmik düşünme ve proje geliştirme süreçlerinde ilerleme sağladığı ancak erken çocukluk entegrasyonu, ileri mühendislik becerilerine geçiş ve standartlaştırılmış öğretmen eğitimi alanlarında yapısal değişikliklere ihtiyaç duyulduğu ortaya konulmuş ve bu alanda sürdürülebilir bir ekosistem oluşturulmasına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Robotik Kodlama Eğitimi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Eğitim Araçları</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  STEM Eğitimi</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Robotic Coding Education</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Educational Tools</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  STEM Education</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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