Research Article
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Awareness of Speaking Abilities in English over Four Years of Undergraduate Study

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 139 - 156, 20.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.31464/jlere.605911

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This paper describes and discusses changes in language awareness during
undergraduate study for a group of language and literature students. The paper
uses qualitative, descriptive methods to analyse reports about the students’
speaking elicited at five points during their studies. The paper identifies
cognitive, affective and social aspects of how the students described their
language knowledge, abilities, learning targets and strategies. The
descriptions evolve from brief, general views of language and learning into
more detailed and focused viewpoints. The students notice more about their
language use and learning targets are described more fully and more clearly.
Their learning strategies move from inside to outside the classroom, activities
change from solitary and individual to social activities, and the students are
better able to describe their speaking through engagement with CEFR criteria.
Anxiety, experience, discourse for describing language and social learning
strategies are features of the changing awareness displayed by the students.

Keywords: language awareness; engagement with language; speaking skills.


References

  • Alderson, J. C. (2005). Diagnosing Foreign Language Proficiency. London: Continuum.
  • Anderson, N. J. (2002). The role of Metacognition in Second Language Learning. Washington.
  • Europe, C. o. (2001). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment. Cambridge: CUP.
  • Glover, P. (2011). Using CEFR level descriptors to raise university students' awareness of their speaking skills. Language Awareness, 20(2), 121-133.
  • Griffiths, C., & Oxford, R. L. (2014). The twenty-first century landscape of language learning strategies: Introduction to this special issue. System, 43(0), 1-10.
  • Griffiths, C., Oxford, R. L., Kawai, Y., Kawai, C., Park, Y. Y., Ma, X., et al. (2014). Focus on context: Narratives from East Asia. System, 43(0), 50-63.
  • Harish, S. (2014). Social strategy use and language learning contexts: A case study of Malayalee undergraduate students in India. System, 43(0), 64-73.
  • Holec, H. (1990). Qu'est-ce qu'apprendre a apprendre. Melanges Pedagogiques, 75-87. Retrieved from http://revues.univ-nancy2.fr/melangesCrapel/IMG/pdf/6holec-3.pdf
  • Holec, H., & Huttunen, I. (Eds.). (1997). Learner autonomy in modern languages. Research and development. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
  • Kao, T.-a., & Oxford, R. L. (2014). Learning language through music: A strategy for building inspiration and motivation. System, 43(0), 114-120.
  • Kissling, E. M., & O'Donnell, M. E. (2015). Increasing language awareness and self-efficacy of FL students using self-assessment and the ACTFL proficiency guidelines. Language Awareness, 24(4), 283-302.
  • Lier, L. V. (1998). The Relationship Between Consciousness, Interaction and Language Learning. Language Awareness, 7(2-3), 128-145.
  • Little, D. (2007). Language Learner Autonomy: Some Fundamental Considerations Revisited. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 14 - 29.
  • Little, D. (2008). Knowledge about Language and Learner Autonomy. In J. C. a. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Language and Education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language, (pp. 247-258): Springer.
  • Ma, R., & Oxford, R. L. (2014). A diary study focusing on listening and speaking: The evolving interaction of learning styles and learning strategies in a motivated, advanced ESL learner. System, 43(0), 101-113.
  • Mercer, S. (2008). Learner self-beliefs. ELT Journal, 62(2), 182-183.
  • Oxford, R. L., & Burry-Stock, J. A. (1995). Assessing the use of language learning strategies worldwide with the ESL/EFL version of the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). System, 23(1), 1-23.
  • Oxford, R. L., Griffiths, C., Longhini, A., Cohen, A. D., Macaro, E., & Harris, V. (2014). Experts' personal metaphors and similes about language learning strategies. System, 43(0), 11-29.
  • Oxford, R. L., Rubin, J., Chamot, A. U., Schramm, K., Lavine, R., Gunning, P., et al. (2014). The learning strategy prism: Perspectives of learning strategy experts. System, 43(0), 30-49.
  • Storch, N. (2008). Metatalk in a Pair Work Activity: Level of Engagement and Implications for Language Development. Language Awareness, 17(2), 95-114.
  • Svalberg, A. M. L. (2009). Engagement with language: interrogating a construct. Language Awareness, 18(3-4), 242-258.
  • Svalberg, A. M. L. (2012). Peer interaction, cognitive conflict, and anxiety on a Grammar Awareness course for language teachers. Language Awareness, 21(1-2), 137-155.
  • Svalberg, A. M. L. (2016). Language Awareness research: where we are now. Language Awareness, 25(1-2), 4-16.
  • Svalberg, A. M. L. (2018). Researching language engagement; current trends and future directions. Language Awareness, 27(1-2), 21-39.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and language. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  • Wenden, A. (1987). Metacognition: An Expanded View on the Cognitive Abilities of L2 Learners. Language Learning, 37(4), 573-597.
  • Wenden, A. (1998). Metacognitive Knowledge and Language Learning. Applied Linguistics, 19(4), 515-537.

Dört Yıllık Lisans Eğitimi Süresince İngilizce Konuşma Becerisi Farkındalığı

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 139 - 156, 20.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.31464/jlere.605911

Abstract

ÖZ: Bu makalenin konusu İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı (İDE)
öğrencilerinden oluşan bir grubun, lisans eğitimi süresince dil
farkındalığındaki
değişikliklerdir. Makalede öğrencilerin eğitimi boyunca
beş farklı noktada konuşma becerileri ile ilgili öğrencilerden alınan raporları
incelemektedir. Raporda öğrencilerin dil bilgileri, becerileri, öğrenme
hedefleri ve stratejilerini bilişsel, duygusal ve sosyal açıdan ele alınmıştır.
Öğrencilerin dille ve öğrenme ile ilgili açıklamaları ilk başta kısa ve genel
iken daha sonra detaylı ve odaklı hale gelmiştir. Öğrenciler zaman geçtikçe
kullandıkları dil ve öğrenme hedefleri hakkında daha çok farkındalık elde
etmiş, bu konularda daha bütünlüklü ve açık betimlemelerde bulunmuşlardır.
Öğrenme stratejileri sınıftan dış dünyaya taşınmış, yaptıkları aktiviteler
yalnız yapılanlardan sosyal aktivitelere evrilmiş ve öğrenciler CEFR
kriterlerini kullanarak konuşma becerilerini açıklamak konusunda gelişme
göstermiştir. Öğrencilerde görülen farkındalık değişimi, endişe, deneyim, dili
betimleme söylemleri ve sosyal öğrenme stratejileri başlıkları altında
toplanmıştır.

Anahtar sözcükler: dil
farkındalığı, dil ilişkisi, bilişsel, duygusal, sosyal etkileşim, konuşma
becerisi.


References

  • Alderson, J. C. (2005). Diagnosing Foreign Language Proficiency. London: Continuum.
  • Anderson, N. J. (2002). The role of Metacognition in Second Language Learning. Washington.
  • Europe, C. o. (2001). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment. Cambridge: CUP.
  • Glover, P. (2011). Using CEFR level descriptors to raise university students' awareness of their speaking skills. Language Awareness, 20(2), 121-133.
  • Griffiths, C., & Oxford, R. L. (2014). The twenty-first century landscape of language learning strategies: Introduction to this special issue. System, 43(0), 1-10.
  • Griffiths, C., Oxford, R. L., Kawai, Y., Kawai, C., Park, Y. Y., Ma, X., et al. (2014). Focus on context: Narratives from East Asia. System, 43(0), 50-63.
  • Harish, S. (2014). Social strategy use and language learning contexts: A case study of Malayalee undergraduate students in India. System, 43(0), 64-73.
  • Holec, H. (1990). Qu'est-ce qu'apprendre a apprendre. Melanges Pedagogiques, 75-87. Retrieved from http://revues.univ-nancy2.fr/melangesCrapel/IMG/pdf/6holec-3.pdf
  • Holec, H., & Huttunen, I. (Eds.). (1997). Learner autonomy in modern languages. Research and development. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
  • Kao, T.-a., & Oxford, R. L. (2014). Learning language through music: A strategy for building inspiration and motivation. System, 43(0), 114-120.
  • Kissling, E. M., & O'Donnell, M. E. (2015). Increasing language awareness and self-efficacy of FL students using self-assessment and the ACTFL proficiency guidelines. Language Awareness, 24(4), 283-302.
  • Lier, L. V. (1998). The Relationship Between Consciousness, Interaction and Language Learning. Language Awareness, 7(2-3), 128-145.
  • Little, D. (2007). Language Learner Autonomy: Some Fundamental Considerations Revisited. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 14 - 29.
  • Little, D. (2008). Knowledge about Language and Learner Autonomy. In J. C. a. N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Language and Education, Volume 6: Knowledge about Language, (pp. 247-258): Springer.
  • Ma, R., & Oxford, R. L. (2014). A diary study focusing on listening and speaking: The evolving interaction of learning styles and learning strategies in a motivated, advanced ESL learner. System, 43(0), 101-113.
  • Mercer, S. (2008). Learner self-beliefs. ELT Journal, 62(2), 182-183.
  • Oxford, R. L., & Burry-Stock, J. A. (1995). Assessing the use of language learning strategies worldwide with the ESL/EFL version of the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). System, 23(1), 1-23.
  • Oxford, R. L., Griffiths, C., Longhini, A., Cohen, A. D., Macaro, E., & Harris, V. (2014). Experts' personal metaphors and similes about language learning strategies. System, 43(0), 11-29.
  • Oxford, R. L., Rubin, J., Chamot, A. U., Schramm, K., Lavine, R., Gunning, P., et al. (2014). The learning strategy prism: Perspectives of learning strategy experts. System, 43(0), 30-49.
  • Storch, N. (2008). Metatalk in a Pair Work Activity: Level of Engagement and Implications for Language Development. Language Awareness, 17(2), 95-114.
  • Svalberg, A. M. L. (2009). Engagement with language: interrogating a construct. Language Awareness, 18(3-4), 242-258.
  • Svalberg, A. M. L. (2012). Peer interaction, cognitive conflict, and anxiety on a Grammar Awareness course for language teachers. Language Awareness, 21(1-2), 137-155.
  • Svalberg, A. M. L. (2016). Language Awareness research: where we are now. Language Awareness, 25(1-2), 4-16.
  • Svalberg, A. M. L. (2018). Researching language engagement; current trends and future directions. Language Awareness, 27(1-2), 21-39.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and language. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  • Wenden, A. (1987). Metacognition: An Expanded View on the Cognitive Abilities of L2 Learners. Language Learning, 37(4), 573-597.
  • Wenden, A. (1998). Metacognitive Knowledge and Language Learning. Applied Linguistics, 19(4), 515-537.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Philip Glover 0000-0002-2375-3633

Publication Date October 20, 2019
Submission Date August 17, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Glover, P. (2019). Awareness of Speaking Abilities in English over Four Years of Undergraduate Study. Journal of Language Education and Research, 5(2), 139-156. https://doi.org/10.31464/jlere.605911

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Journal of Language Education and Research (JLERE)
Dil Eğitimi ve Araştırmaları Dergisi

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