Strategies for the Act of Complaint Used by Children

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 484 - 516, 27.10.2022

Nihat Bayat , Burcu Bezirganoğlu

https://doi.org/10.31464/jlere.1161692

Abstract

The study aimed to determine in what ways preschool children of ages 5 and 6 are distinct from adults in using complaining strategies and in choosing complaint strategies as a type of pragmatics. Participants of the study were two groups comprised of children and adults and the survey model was used for the study. In the first group, 110 children between the ages of 5 and 6 who studied in preschool institutions were included while the second group consisted of 110 adults who were involved in the study to determine the complaint strategies used in Turkish culture and the Turkish language. The data were collected through a Discourse Completion Test prepared to be equivalent for children and adults. Children were interviewed in the data collection process since they did not know how to read and write, whereas adults were presented with written forms. Responses of participants were evaluated by two scholars in the field to determine the corresponding strategies for the responses. Frequency and rating calculations for complaint strategies used by children and adults in certain contexts were made, and the obtained results were reported comparatively. According to the conclusions reached in the research, the choice of complaint strategies differed greatly between children aged 5 to 6 and adults.

Keywords

complaint act, speech act, language acquisition, preschool period, Turkish language acquisition

Çocukların Kullandığı Şikayet Edimi Stratejileri

Abstract

Bu araştırmada okulöncesi dönemde bulunan 5-6 yaş aralığındaki çocukların edimsel bir tür olarak kullandığı şikayet etme stratejilerinin ve şikayet stratejilerini seçerken yetişkinlerden ne ölçüde farklılaştıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tarama modelinde yürütülen araştırmanın katılımcılarını çocuklardan ve yetişkinlerden oluşan iki grup oluşturmaktadır. Birinci grupta okulöncesi kurumlarında eğitim alan ve yaşları 5-6 yaş aralığında olan 110 çocuk, ikinci grupta ise Türk kültüründe ve Türkçede kullanılan şikayet stratejilerini belirlemek amacıyla araştırmaya dahil edilen 110 yetişkin yer almıştır. Veriler çocuklar ve yetişkinler için denk olacak biçimde hazırlanan iki Söylem Tamamlama Testi ile toplanmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde okuma yazma bilmedikleri için çocuklarla görüşme yapılmış, yetişkinlere ise yazılı form verilmiştir. Katılımcıların verdiği yanıtlar iki uzman tarafından değerlendirilmiş ve yanıtın hangi stratejiye karşılık geldiği belirlenmiştir. Çocukların ve yetişkinlerin ilgili bağlamlarda kullandığı şikayet etme stratejilerinin sıklık ve oran hesapları yapılmış, elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırmalı biçimde raporlanmıştır. Araştırmada ulaşılan sonuçlara göre 5-6 yaş aralığındaki çocukların şikayet etme strateji seçimleri yetişkinlerin seçimlerinden önemli ölçüde farklılaşmaktadır.

Keywords

şikayet edimi, söz edimi, dil edimi, Türkçenin edinimi, okulöncesi dönem

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