<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Journal of Management Theory and Practices Research</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2718-1006</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Akademik Çalışmalar Derneği</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Information Systems (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Bilgi Sistemleri (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW OF COMPUTER ADAPTED TESTS (CAT): DEVELOPMENT, METHODS, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>BİREYE UYARLANMIŞ TESTLER ÜZERİNE KAVRAMSAL BİR İNCELEME: GELİŞİMİ, YÖNTEMİ, AVANTAJLARI VE DEZAVANTAJLARI</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5341-5053</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Büyükatak</surname>
                                    <given-names>Emrah</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20250630">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2025</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>6</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>1</fpage>
                                        <lpage>12</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250125">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>25</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20250426">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>26</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2020, Journal of Management Theory and Practices Research</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Management Theory and Practices Research</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Technological developments have progressed rapidly in the last quarter century, and with the development of information and communication technologies, computers have become the most useful facilitators in achieving most of our goals. These developments have affected every sector, as well as causing changes in the educational environment, especially in areas such as learning, testing and evaluation. Accordingly, tests and test application methods have also developed and diversified. Due to the increasing convenience and computational ability of computers, computerized assessment has gained a more prominent role in tests. With the increasing use of computer technology in education, computer adapted tests (CAT) have been used for various purposes such as selection, placement and determination of talent level in the recent period. Due to the effects of computer technology on the field of assessment and testing, this study aims to conduct a conceptual research on computer-adapted tests and to examine the development, method, advantages and disadvantages of these tests. Within the scope of this purpose, a conceptual research was conducted by examining the conceptual and theoretical structure of the characteristics and application of computer-adapted tests. The use of computer-adapted tests has different effects and has many advantages as well as disadvantages. When a test is to be applied in an adaptive format, the negative aspects of computer-adapted tests should be taken into consideration as well as their positive aspects. While this study contributes to the academic literature with its results, it will also guide policy makers and practitioners.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Teknolojik gelişmeler son çeyrek yüzyılda çok hızlı bir şekilde ilerlemiş, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişmesiyle bilgisayarlar amaçlarımızın çoğuna ulaşmada en yararlı kolaylaştırıcı haline gelmiştir. Bu gelişmeler her sektörü etkilediği gibi eğitim ortamında, özellikle de öğrenme, test etme ve değerlendirme gibi alanlarda değişikliklere yol açmıştır. Bu doğrultuda testler ve testlerin uygulanma yöntemleri de gelişerek çeşitlenmiştir. Bilgisayarların artan uygunluğu ve hesaplama yeteneği sebebiyle, bilgisayarlı değerlendirme testlerde daha belirgin bir rol kazanmıştır. Bilgisayar teknolojisinin eğitimde kullanımının artmasıyla birlikte yakın dönemde seçme, yerleştirme ve yetenek düzeyinin belirlenmesi gibi çeşitli maksatlarla bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanan testler kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanan testler üzerine kavramsal bir araştırma yaparak, bu testlerin gelişiminin, yönteminin, avantajlarının ve dezavantajlarının incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç kapsamında, bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanan testlerin özelliklerine ve uygulanmasına yönelik kavramsal ve kuramsal yapısı incelenmiştir. Bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanan testlerin kullanımı farklı etkilere sahiptir ve birçok avantajları ile birlikte dezavantajları da bulunmaktadır. Bir testin uyarlanabilir formatta uygulanması istenildiğinde bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanan testlerin olumlu yönleri kadar olumsuz yönlerinin de dikkate alınması gerekmektedir. Eğitim sistemindeki sınavlarda bu tür testlerin de kullanılması, mili test sistemlerinin bu standartlara göre yapılandırılması, uygulama becerisi, teknik donanım, pedagojik anlayış ve politik desteğin bir arada olması önerilmektedir. Bu çalışma ortaya koyduğu sonuçlarla akademik literatüre birçok katkı sağlarken, politika yapıcılara ve uygulayıcılara da rehberlik edebilecektir.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Test</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Uyarlanmış Test</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Bilgisayar Ortamında Bireye Uyarlanmış Test</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Test</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Adaptive Test</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Computerized Adaptive Test</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyıldız, M. (2014). Online ölçme ve değerlendirme, bireye uyarlanmış testlerde imkanlar, ufuklar. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Açıköğretim Fakültesi, Yaygın Öğretim Bölümü.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Alam, A. (2022). Cloud-based e-learning: scaffolding the environment for adaptive e-learning ecosystem based on cloud computing infrastructure. In Computer Communication, Networking and IoT: Proceedings of 5th ICICC 2021, Volume 2 (pp. 1-9). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ali, U. S., &amp; Chang, H. (2014). An item‐driven adaptive design for calibrating pretest items. ETS Research Report Series, 2014(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1002/ets2.12044</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baker, F.B. (2001). The basics of item response theory (2nd ed.). College Park, MD: ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation, University of Maryland</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baykul, Y. (2000). Eğitimde ve psikolojide ölçme: Klasik test teorisi ve uygulaması. ÖSYM Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bennett, R. E. (2002). Inexorable and inevitable: The continuing story of technology and assessment. The Journal of technology, Learning, and Assessment, 1(1), 1-23.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bulut, O., &amp; Kan, A. (2012). Application of computerized adaptive testing to entrance examination for graduate studies in Turkey. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 49, 61-80.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Büyükkıdık, S., &amp; Yörü, F. G. A. (2024). Çok Aşamalı Testlerin Panel Deseni, Modül Uzunluğu, Örneklem Büyüklüğü ve Yetenek Parametresi Kestirim Yöntemleri Açısından Farklı Koşullar Altında Karşılaştırılması. Bogazici University Journal of Education, 41(2), 9-27.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Collares, C. F., &amp; Cecilio-Fernandes, D. (2019). When I say ... computerised adaptive testing. Medical Education, 53(2), 115–116.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Davey, T. (2011). A guide to computer adaptive testing systems. Council of Chief State School Officers.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Davey, T., &amp; Pitoniak, M. J. (2011). Designing computerized adaptive tests. In Handbook of test development (pp. 557-588). Routledge.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Doğan, A. G. (2022). Zihinsel hız: Kavramsal gelişimi ve önemine dair bir derleme çalışması. Journal of Social Sciences Research/Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(3).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Downing, S. M. (2005). The effects of violating standard item writing principles on tests and students: The consequences of using flawed test items on achievement examinations in medical education. Advances in Health Sciences Education: Theory and Practice, 10, 133–143.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Drasgow, F. (2002). The work ahead: A psychometric infrastructure for computerized adaptive tests. In C. N.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mills, M. T. Potenza, J. J. Fremer, &amp; W. C. Ward (Eds.), Computer-based testing: Building the foundation for future assessments (pp. 67–88). Lawrence Erlbaum.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dumas, H. M., Fragala-Pinkham, M. A., Haley, S. M., Ni, P., Coster, W., Kramer, J. M., ... &amp; Ludlow, L. H. (2012).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Computer adaptive test performance in children with and without disabilities: Prospective field study of the PEDI-CAT. Disability and Rehabilitation, 34(5), 393-401.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Economides, A. A., &amp; Roupas, C. (2007). Evaluation of computer adaptive testing systems. International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies (IJWLTT), 2(1), 70-87.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fergadiotis, G., Casilio, M., Hula, W. D., &amp; Swiderski, A. (2021). Computer adaptive testing for the assessment of anomia severity. In Seminars in Speech and Language (Vol. 42, No. 03, pp. 180-191). Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc..</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fetzer, M., Dainis, A., Lambert, S., &amp; Meade, A. (2008). Computer adaptive testing (CAT) in an employment context. PreVisor’s PreView.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fleming, S. &amp; Hiple, D. (2004). Foreign language distance education at the University of Hawai&#039;i. In C. A.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Spreen, (Ed.), New technologies and language learning: issues and options (Tech. Rep. No.25) (pp. 13-54). Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai&#039;i, Second Language Teaching &amp; Curriculum Center.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gao, I., Ilharco, G., Lundberg, S., &amp; Ribeiro, M. T. (2023). Adaptive testing of computer vision models. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (pp. 4003-4014).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gür, R., &amp; Hamide, D. G. (2020). The effect of item exposure control methods on measurement precision and test security under different measurement conditions in computerized adaptive testing. Egitim ve Bilim, 45(202).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gür, R., &amp; Karabay, E. (2018). Motorlu taşıtlar sürücü kursiyerleri sınavının simülatif bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanmış test uygulaması. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 11(2), 201-228.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kalender, İ. (2004). Bilgisayar ortamında bireyselleştirilmiş testlerin eğitimde kullanımı. XIII. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kurultayı. İnönü Üniversitesi, Eğitim Fakültesi, Malatya, 6-9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kezer, F. (2013). Bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanmış test stratejilerinin karşılaştırılması (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kezer, F., &amp; Koç, N. (2014). Bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanmış test stratejilerinin karşılaştırılması. Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 145-174.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kim, D. H., &amp; Huynh, H. (2007). Comparability of computer and paper-and-pencil versions of algebra and biology assessments. Journal of Technology, Learning, and Assessment, 6(4).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Koller, I., Levenson, M. R., &amp; Glück, J. (2017). What do you think you are measuring? A mixed-methods procedure for assessing the content validity of test items and theory-based scaling. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(126).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kuzucu, R.E. (2024). Türkiye&#039;de bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanmış test (bobut) çalışmaları: sistematik bir derleme (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Harran Üniversitesi, Şanlıurfa.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Larson, J. (1999). Considerations for testing reading proficiency via computer-adaptive testing. Studies in language testing, 10, 71-90.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Larson, J. W., &amp; Madsen, H. S. (1984). Computerized adaptive language testing: Moving beyond computer-assisted testing. Calico Journal, 2(3), 32.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Linacre, J. M. (2000). Computer-adaptive testing: A methodology whose time has come. . In S. Chae, U. Kang, E. Jeon &amp; J. M. Linacre (Eds.), Development of computerized middle school achievement test (in Korean). Seoul, South Korea: Komesa Press</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lord, F. M. (1971). The self‐scoring flexilevel test 1. Journal of Educational Measurement, 8(3), 147-151.
Magis, D., Yan, D. A., &amp; Davier, A. A. V. (2017). Computerized adaptive and multistage testing with R: Using packages catR and mstR. Springer.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Martin, A. J., &amp; Lazendic, G. (2018). Computer-adaptive testing: Implications for students’ achievement, motivation, engagement, and subjective test experience. Journal of Educational Psychology, 10(1), 27–45.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mojarrad, H, Hemmati, F, Jafari Gohar, M, &amp; Sadeghi , A. (2013). Computer-based assessment (CBA) vs. Paper/pencil-based assessment (PPBA): An investigation into the performance and attitude of Iranian EFL learners&#039; reading comprehension. International Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World, 4(4), 418-428.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Montgomery, J. M., &amp; Cutler, J. (2013). Computerized adaptive testing for public opinion surveys. Political Analysis, 21(2), 172-192.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Özbaşı, D., &amp; Demirtaşlı, N. (2015). Bilgisayar okuryazarlığı testinin bilgisayar ortamında bireye uyarlanmış test olarak geliştirilmesi. Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology, 6(2).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Özgüven, İ. E. (2007). Psikolojik testler (Dördüncü Baskı). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Parshall, C., Spray, J., Kalohn, J., &amp; Davey, T. (2002). Practical considerations in computerized testing. New York: Springer-Verlag.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pommerich, M. (2004).Developing computerized versions of paper-and-pencil tests: Mode effects for passage-based tests. The Journal of Technology, Learning, and Assessment, 2(6), 3-44.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Reckase, M. D. (2011, May). Computerized adaptive assessment (CAA): The way forward. In The Road Ahead for State Assessments, Policy Analysis for California Education and Rennie Center for Education Research &amp; Policy.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rezaie, M., &amp; Golshan, M. (2015). Computer adaptive test (CAT): Advantages and limitations. International Journal of Educational Investigations, 2(5), 128-137.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rice, N., Pêgo, J. M., Collares, C. F., Kisielewska, J., &amp; Gale, T. (2022). The development and implementation of a computer adaptive progress test across European countries. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100083.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rudner, L., &amp; Guo, F. (2011). Computerized adaptive testing for small scale programs and instructional systems. Graduate Management Admission Council-GMAC.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Schleicher, A. (2019). PISA 2018: Insights and interpretations. oecd Publishing.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Segall, D. O. (1993). Score equating verification analyses of the CAT-ASVAB. Briefing presented to the Defense Advisory Committee on Military Personnel Testing, Williamsburg, VA</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şenel, S. (2024). Comparison of CAT procedures at low ability levels: A simulation study and analysis in the context of students with disabilities. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 13(3), 547-559.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Thorndike, R. M., Cunningham, G. K., Thorndike, R. L., ve Hagen, E. P. (1991). Measurement and evaluation in psychology and education. Macmillan Publishing Co, Inc.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tian, J., Miao, D., Zhu, X., &amp;Gong,J. (2007). An introduction to the computerized adaptive testing. US-China Education Rewiew, 4(1), 72-81.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref52">
                        <label>52</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tonidandel, S., Quiñones, M. A., &amp; Adams, A. A. (2002). Computer-adaptive testing: The impact of test characteristics on perceived performance and test takers&#039; reactions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 320.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref53">
                        <label>53</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Turgut, M. F., &amp; Baykul, Y. (2010). Eğitimde ölçme ve değerlendirme (Vol. 2). Pegem Akademi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref54">
                        <label>54</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">van der Linden, W. J. (2005). A comparison of item-selection methods for adaptive tests with content constraints. Law school admission council computerized testing report: 04-02. Newtown, PA: Law School Admission Council.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref55">
                        <label>55</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Veldkamp, B. P., &amp; van der Linden, W. J. (2009). Designing item pools for adaptive testing. In Elements of adaptive testing (pp. 231-245). New York, NY: Springer New York.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref56">
                        <label>56</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wainer, H., Dorans, N. J., Flaugher, R., Green, B. F., &amp; Mislevy, R. J. (2000). Computerized adaptive testing: A primer. Routledge.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref57">
                        <label>57</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wang, T., &amp; Kolen, M. J. (2001). Evaluating comparability in computerized adaptive testing: Issues, criteria and an example. Journal of Educational Measurement, 38 (1), 19-49.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref58">
                        <label>58</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Weiss, D. J. (1983). Latent trait theory and adaptive testing. In David J.Weiss (ed.), New horizons in testing (ss. 5-7). New York: Academic Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref59">
                        <label>59</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Weiss, D. J. (2004). Computerized adaptive testing for effective and efficient measurement in counseling and education. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 37(2), 70-84.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref60">
                        <label>60</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wise, S. L., &amp; Kingsbury, G. G. (2000). Practical issues in developing and maintaining a computerized adaptive testing program. Psicológica, 21(1), 135-155.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref61">
                        <label>61</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zickar, M. J., Overton, R. C., Taylor, L. R., &amp; Harms, H. J. (1999). The development of a computerized selection system for computer programmers in a financial services company. In Innovations in computerized assessment (pp. 7-33). Psychology Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
