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Orwell’ın 1984’ü Çin’de Gerçek Mi Oluyor? Sosyal Kredi Sisteminin Geçmişi, Bugünü ve Geleceği

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 684 - 695, 23.10.2020

Abstract

2014 yılından itibaren Çin’de pilot yerlerde uygulamaya geçirilen ve 2020 yılı içerisinde ise tüm Çinli vatandaşları kapsaması bekle-nen sosyal kredi sistemi, vatandaşların izlendiği ve davranış ve tutumlarının puanlanarak bir vatandaşlık puanı oluşturulduğu sis-temdir. Bu kapsamda makale, sosyal kredi sisteminin ne olduğu sorusunu ele almaktadır. Makalede sosyal kredi sistemi, üç başlık altında incelenmektedir. İlk olarak sosyal kredi sisteminin şekillenmesinde etkisi olduğu düşünülen Kültür devriminin üzerinde durulmaktadır. İkinci olarak 2014 yılında başlatılan sosyal kredi sisteminin nasıl işlediği açıklanmaktadır. Üçüncü olarak ise sosyal kredi sisteminin ileride ne gibi sorunlarla karşılaşabileceği analiz edilmektedir. Tüm bu anlatılanların ardından sonuç kısmında genel bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır.

References

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  • Song, L. (2009). The Effect of the Cultural Revolution on Educational Homogamy in Urban China. Social Forces, 88 (1). 257-270.
  • Spence, J. (2001). Introduction to the Cultural Revolution. The Search for Modern China. USA: Standford University.
  • Statista Research Department. (2020). Number of Mobile Phone Users Worldwide from 2015 to 2020, https://www.statista.com/statistics/274774/forecast-of-mobile-phone-users-worldwide/ (23.08.2020).
  • Tanilli, S. (2013). Uygarlık Tarihi (29. Baskı). İstanbul: Cumhuriyet Kitapları.
  • Tao, L., Berci, M., Wayne, H. (2006). Historical Background: Expansion of Public Education, https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/college/coll-china-education-001.html#peoples2 (11.05.2020).
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  • Xinhuanet. (2014). China Outline sIts First Social Credit System, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-06/27/c_133443776.htm (13.05.2020).
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Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 684 - 695, 23.10.2020

Abstract

References

  • Bach, J. (2020). The Red And the Black: China’s Social Credit Experiment As a Total Test Environment. The British Journal of Sociology, 71 (3), 489-502.
  • Bilgin, H. (2010). Stratejik Çin (1. Baskı). Ankara: USAK Yayınları.
  • Botsman, R. (2017). Big Data Meets Big Brother as China Moves to Rate Its Citizens. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/chinese-government-social-credit-score-privacy-invasion (08.05.2020).
  • Chen, Y. J., Ching, F.L. ve Han, W.L. (2018). “Rule Of Trust”: ThePower And Perils Of China’s Social Credit Mega Project. Columbia Journal of AsianLaw, 32 (1), 1-36.
  • Chorzempa, M., Triolo, P. ve Sacks, S. (2018). China’s Social Credit System: A Mark of Progress or a Threat to Privacy?. Policy Brief.
  • Clement, J. (2020). Number of Social Network Users Worldwide from 2017 to 2025, https://www.statista.com/statistics/278414/number-of-worldwide-social-network-users/ (23.08.2020).
  • Creemers, R. (2018). China’s Social Credit System: An Evolving Practice of Control. SSRN Working Paper, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3175792 (08.05.2020).
  • Doğan, F. ve Özlük, E. (2017). Çin’deki Komünist Devrim Süreci ve Bolşeviklerin Politikaları: 1921-1949. Mülkiye Uluslararası İlişkiler Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı. Ankara.
  • Dowland, J. (2004). The Chinese Cultural Revolution: A Historiographical Study. HST 300 History Methods. USA: University of Mississippi.
  • Han, M. (2019). China Vows Bad ‘Social Credit’ Scores Won’t Hurt People’s Rights, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-07-19/china-vows-bad-social-credit-scores-won-t-hurt-people-s-rights (12.05.2020).
  • Hatton, C. (2015). China 'Social Credit': Beijing Sets Up Huge System, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-34592186 (15.05.2020).
  • Jinwoo, K. (2017). Orwell’s Nightmare: China’sSocialCreditSystem,http://en.asaninst.org/contents/orwells-nightmare-chinas-social-credit-system/ (12.05.2020).
  • Kavala, C. F. (2014). Doğu Uyanıyor Çin Devrim Tarihi (1.Baskı). İstanbul: RESSE Yayınları.
  • Keay, J. (2011). Çin Tarihi (1. Baskı). İstanbul: İnkılap Kitabevi.
  • Kohen, S. (1982). Değişen Çin (1.Baskı). İstanbul: Milliyet Yayınları.
  • Kostka, G. (2019). China’s Social Credit Systems and Public Opinion: Explaining High Levels of Approval. New Media &Society, 21 (7), 1565-1593.
  • Lai, K. (2019). Primer: China’s Social Credit System, https://www.iflr.com/Article/3904429/PRIMER-Chinas-social-credit-system.html (09.05.2020).
  • Lee, J. W. (2019). Your Life as a Number, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/201906/your-life-number (09.05.2020).
  • Leff, A. A. (2019). The Impact of Interrupted Education on Earnings: The Case of China’s Cultural Revolution. A Senior Thesis. USA: The Faculty of the Department of Economics Bates College.
  • Magnier, M. (2006). A Crisis of Trust Takes a Toll on Chinese Society, https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-sep-24-fg-trust24-story.html (17.05.2020).
  • Orwell, G. (2013). 1984. (42. Baskı). İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
  • Orwell, G. (2015). Balinanın Karnında (4. Baskı). İstanbul: Sel Yayınları.
  • Phillips, T. (2016). The Cultural Revolution: All You Need To Know About China's Political Convulsion, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/11/the-cultural-revolution-50-years-on-all-you-need-to-know-about-chinas-political-convulsion (10.05.2020).
  • Planning Outline. (2014). Planning Outline for the Construction of a Social Credit System (2014-2020), https://chinacopyrightandmedia.wordpress.com/2014/06/14/planning-outline-for-the-construction-of-a-social-credit-system-2014-2020/ (10.05.2020).
  • Sander, O. (1966). Çin Halk Cumhuriyetinde Büyük Proleter Kültürel İhtilal. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi. 21 (4), 275-297.
  • Sander, O. (2013). Siyasi Tarih: İlkçağlardan 1918’e (25. Baskı). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Shen, C.F. (2018). Social Credit System in China. Panorama, 21-31.
  • Sithing, M.D. ve Siems, M. (2019). The Chinese Social Credit System: A Model for Other Countries?. EUI Working Papers.
  • Song, L. (2009). The Effect of the Cultural Revolution on Educational Homogamy in Urban China. Social Forces, 88 (1). 257-270.
  • Spence, J. (2001). Introduction to the Cultural Revolution. The Search for Modern China. USA: Standford University.
  • Statista Research Department. (2020). Number of Mobile Phone Users Worldwide from 2015 to 2020, https://www.statista.com/statistics/274774/forecast-of-mobile-phone-users-worldwide/ (23.08.2020).
  • Tanilli, S. (2013). Uygarlık Tarihi (29. Baskı). İstanbul: Cumhuriyet Kitapları.
  • Tao, L., Berci, M., Wayne, H. (2006). Historical Background: Expansion of Public Education, https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/college/coll-china-education-001.html#peoples2 (11.05.2020).
  • The Transparent Self Under Big Data Profiling: Privacy and Chinese Legislation on the Social Credit System. The Journal of Comparative Law, 12 (2), 356-378.
  • Xinhuanet. (2014). China Outline sIts First Social Credit System, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2014-06/27/c_133443776.htm (13.05.2020).
  • Yu, K. (2018). Big Brother is Coming: Inside China's Plan to Rate Its 1.3 Billion Citizens, https://www.sbs.com.au/news/big-brother-is-coming-inside-china-s-plan-to-rate-its-1-3-billion-citizens (12.05.2020).
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Neslihan Topcu

Publication Date October 23, 2020
Submission Date May 18, 2020
Acceptance Date August 25, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Topcu, N. (2020). Orwell’ın 1984’ü Çin’de Gerçek Mi Oluyor? Sosyal Kredi Sisteminin Geçmişi, Bugünü ve Geleceği. Journal of Human and Social Sciences, 3(2), 684-695.

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