Can systemic inflammation markers obtained from complete blood count in the first trimester play a role in predicting early pregnancy loss?

Abstract

Aim: Ten percent of pregnancies result in early pregnancy loss, and in 40%, the cause is unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between first trimester hematological inflammatory markers and early pregnancy loss. Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at The Private Nisa Hospital between 1 January 2015 and 1 October 2020. A total of 611 patients were evaluated, including 310 patients with early pregnancy loss, and 301 patients, who were included in the study as the healthy control group. Sociodemographic data and complete blood count results of the groups were obtained by scanning hospital files and computer registration systems. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected between the two groups in terms of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), plateletcrit (PCT), Eosinophil and NLR (Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio) values (P>0.05 for all). In the early pregnancy loss group, PLT(P=0.004), MPV(P<0.001), PDW(P=0.005), PLR (platelet lymphocyte ratio) (P<0.001), ELR (eosinophil lymphocyte ratio) (P<0.001), and ENR (eosinophil neutrophil ratio) (P=0.004) values were higher, while WCB (P<0.001), Hemoglobin (P=0.007), Neutrophil (P<0.001), and Lymphocyte (P<0.001) values were lower, compared to the healthy control group. Conclusions: PLT, MPV, PDW, PLR, ELR and ENR were related with early pregnancy loss. Inflammation markers, thrombocyte activation markers and allergy markers obtained from Complete Blood Count (CBC) in the first trimester pregnancy constitute a cost-effective, and easy method to predict early pregnancy loss.

Keywords

• Early pregnancy loss
• Systemic inflammation
• Inflammatory markers
• Thrombocyte activation markers
• Allergy markers

İlk trimesterde tam kan sayımından elde edilen sistemik inflamasyon belirteçleri erken gebelik kaybını tahmin etmede rol oynayabilir mi?

Öz

Amaç: Tüm gebeliklerin %10'u erken gebelik kaybıyla sonuçlanır ve % 40'ında neden bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ilk trimester hematolojik inflamatuar belirteçleri ile erken gebelik kaybının arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif vaka kontrol çalışması 1 Ocak 2015- 1 Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında Özel Nisa Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı'nda yapılmıştır. Erken gebelik kaybı olan 310 hasta ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu olarak 301 hasta olmak üzere toplamda 611 hasta değerlendirildi. Grupların sosyodemografik verilerine ve tam kan sayımı sonuçları hastane dosyaları ve bilgisayar kayıt sistemleri taranarak elde edildi. Bulgular: Her iki grup arasında RDW, PCT, Eosinofil ve NLR düzeylerinde açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (tümü için P>0,05). Erken gebelik kayıplı grupta sağlıklı kontrol grubuna kıyasla WCB (P<0,001), hemoglobin (P=0,007), Nötrofil (P<0,001) ve Lenfosit (P<0,001) değerleri daha düşük iken PLT (P=0,004), MPV (P<0,001), PDW (P=0,005), PLO (platelet lenfosit oranı) (P<0,001), ELO (eosinofil lenfosit oranı) (P<0,001) ve ENO (eosinofil nötrofil oranları) (P=0,004), değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu saptandı (P<0,05). Sonuç: PLT, MPV, PDW, PLO, ELO ve ENO erken gebelik kaybı ile güçlü bir şekilde ilişkiliydi. İlk trimesterde yapılan Tam kan sayımından den elde edilen trombosit ve alerji belirteçleri fetal kayıpları tahmin etmek için kullanılabilecek ekonomik ve güvenli bir yöntemdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Erken gebelik kaybı
• Sistemik inflamasyon
• İnflamasyon belirteçleri
• Trombosit aktivasyon belirteçleri
• Alerji belirteçleri

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