Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 1302-7050 2146-5894 Tekirdag Namik Kemal University 10.33462/jotaf.472456 Improvement of Grain Yield and Yield Associated Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Through Mutation Breeding Using Gamma Irradiation Ekmeklik Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotiplerinde Tane Verimi ve Verimle İlişkili Özelliklerin Gamma Işını Kullanılarak Mutasyon Islahı ile Geliştirilmesi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-6144 Balkan Alpay TEKİRDAĞ NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ Bilgin Oğuz TEKİRDAĞ NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ Başer İsmet TEKİRDAĞ NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ Balaban Göçmen Damla TEKİRDAĞ NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ Demirkan Alp Kayahan TEKİRDAĞ NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ Deviren Birol TEKİRDAĞ NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ 01 25 2019 16 1 103 111 10 19 1918 11 18 0018 Copyright © 2005, Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty 2005 Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty

The present research was conducted to evaluate the M1, M2, M3 and M4 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutant populations for yield andyield related traits during 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 and 2013-14 at Tekirdağ ecological conditions. Three wheat genotypes were treated withdifferent levels of gamma rays (100 Gy, 200 Gy, 300 Gy, 400 Gy, 500 Gy and Control). The mutated plants were evaluated along with parentallines (control) for grain yield (GY) and its contributing traits such as plant height (PH), spike length (SL), the number of spikelets per spike(NSPS), the number of grains per spike (NGPS), grain weight per spike (GWPS), harvest index (HI) and thousand grain weight (TGW) underfield conditions. The results obtained from the present study showed that the genotypes significantly and variably differed in their responsefor various traits at different gamma rays doses. The traits such as PH, TGW and grain yield (GY) showed generally reduction with highergamma irradiation doses as compared to low doses, while mutagenic treatments shifted the mean values mostly towards the negative directionin the other yield components. But, the negative or positive shifts were not unidirectional or equally effective for all the traits. These findingssuggested that the variability could be induced through the use of gamma irradiations in bread wheat. Some of the traits showed improvementdue to the induced mutations could be used in future wheat breeding programs. The differences in mean values and the nature of variabilityobserved in M2 indicated a possible preference of selection in M3 generation.

Bu araştırma, M1, M2, M3 ve M4 ekmeklik buğday mutant populasyonlarını verim ve verime etkili özellikler bakımından değerlendirmekiçin 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13 ve 2013-14 yıllarında Tekirdağ ekolojik koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Üç buğday genotipine farklı dozlardagamma ışını (Kontrol, 100 Gy, 200 Gy, 300 Gy, 400 Gy ve 500 Gy) uygulanmıştır. Mutant bitkiler anaçları (kontrol) ile birlikte tane verimi(TV) ve bitki boyu (BB), başak uzunluğu (BAU), başakta başakçık sayısı (BABS), başakta tane sayısı (BATS), başakta tane ağırlığı (BATA),hasat indeksi (HI) ve bin tane ağırlığı (BTA) gibi verime etkili özellikler bakımından tarla koşullarında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmadan eldeedilen sonuçlar, genotiplerin çeşitli özellikler için farklı gamma ışını dozlarına yanıtlarının önemli ve değişken bir şekilde farklı olduğunugöstermiştir. Bitki boyu, bin tane ağırlığı ve tane verimi gibi özellikler düşük dozlarla karşılaştırıldığında yüksek gamma ışını dozlarındagenellikle azalma gösterirken, mutagen uygulamaları diğer verim unsurlarında ortalama değerleri çoğunlukla negatif yöne doğru kaydırmıştır.Ancak, negatif ya da pozitif yöndeki kaymalar tüm özellikler için tek yönde ya da eşit derecede etkili olmamıştır. Bu bulgular, buğdayda gammaışınları kullanılarak varyabilitenin oluşturulabileceğini göstermiştir. Oluşturulan mutasyonlara bağlı olarak gelişme gösteren bazı özelliklergelecekte buğday ıslahı çalışmalarında kullanılabilecektir. M2’de gözlenen varyabilite ve ortalama değerlerdeki farklar M3 generasyonundaseleksiyonun mümkün olabileceğini göstermiştir.

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