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Synthesis of MCM-41 by Hydrothermal and Sonochemical Methods and Characterization

Year 2015, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 54 - 58, 09.06.2015

Abstract

One of the known groups of mesoporous materials is MCM-41 that has been applied as catalyst for various chemical reactions [1-2]. In this work, using water as solvent, cetylytrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template, sodium silicate and tetraethylortosilicate (TEOS) as silica source, mesoporous MCM-41 were synthesized by direct hydrothermal synthesis method and sonochemical synthesis method. Furthermore, the effects of silica source and synthesis method on the distribution of products were studied. Both methods were successful yielding catalysts. Prepared mesoporous molecular sieves were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Braunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. The synthesized MCM-41 materials were used as catalyst in the pyrolysis of scrap mobile phone of printed circuits boards and the efficiency of their discussed. In experiments when used sodium silicate as silica source, the synthesized MCM-41 by hydrothermal method was called as M-1, the synthesized MCM-41 by sonochemical method was called as M-2. Similarly, when used TEOS as silica source, the synthesized MCM-41 by hydrothermal method was called as M-3, the synthesized
MCM-41 by sonochemical method was called as M-4.
The XRD pattern of M-1, M-2, M-3 and M-4 is shown in Figure 1. XRD spectrum of MCM-41 sample showed a sharp peak (100) and three reflection peaks corresponding to (110), (200) and (210), which meant that the sample had an ordered pore structure [3-6]. Both of the synthesized MCM-41, showed a sharp XRD peak around 2θ=2° and few weak peaks in 2θ= 3-5°, which indicated well-hexagonal structure of
MCM-41.
Figure 2 shows the SEM image of the synthesized M-1, M-2, M-3 and M-4. SEM results show each spherical aggregate is composed of several of individual small nanoparticles with uniform diameters of about 60 nm. The silica sources influence the shape of the produced MCM-41. Fig. 2 (a-b) demonstrates that the particles are extensively agglomerated. Also it reveals the spherical morphology of the particles. The sponge-like appearance of the MCM-41 particles is seen in Fig. 2 (c-d). BET surface area values and pore volume date are listed in Table 1. It is clearly seen  from Table 1 that using the sonochemical for synthesis of MCM-41 a greater increase of surface area and pore volume is resulted.

References

  • Jentys A, Pham N H, Vinek H, Englisch M, Lercher J A. SYNTHESIS AND
  • CHARACTERIZATION OF MESOPORIC MATERIALS CONTAINING HIGHLY DISPERSED COBALT. Micropor. Mater. 1996 68:13-17.
  • Beck J S, Vartuli J C, Roth W J, Leonowicz M E, Kresge C T, Schimitt K D, Chu C T, Olson D H, Sheppard E W, McCullen S B, Higgins J B, Schlenker J L. A NEW FAMILY OF MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR SIEVES PREPARED WITH LIQUID CRYSTAL TEMPLATES. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1992 114:10834-10843.
  • Fu L, Zhang H. PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF MCM-41 TYPE MATERIALS IMPREGNATED WITH RARE EARTH COMPLEX. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 2001 17(3):293-298.
  • Blin J L, Otjacques C, Herrier G, B L. KINETIC STUDY OF MCM-41 SYNTHESIS. International Journal of Inorganic Materials 2001 3(1):75-86.
  • Laha S C, Mukherjee P, Kumar R. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SURFACE-MODIFIED AND ORGANIC-FUNCTIONALIZED MCM-41 TYPE ORDERED MESOPOROUS MATERIALS. Bull. Mater. Sci. 1999 22(3):623-626.
  • Yu J, Shi J L, Wang L Z, Ruan M L, Yan D S. PREPARATION OF HIGH THERMAL STABILITY MCM-41 IN THE LOW SURFACTANT/SILICON MOLAR RATION SYNTHESIS SYSTEMS. Materials Letters 2001 48:112-116.

Hidrotermal ve Sonokimyasal Yöntemle MCM-41 Katalizörünün Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu

Year 2015, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 54 - 58, 09.06.2015

Abstract

Mezogözenekli malzemelerden MCM-41 çesitli kimyasal reaksiyonlarda katalizör olarak kullanılmaktadır [1-2]. Bu çalısmada yüzey aktif madde olarak setiltrimetil amonyum bromür (CTAB), silika kaynağı olarak sodyum silikat ya da tetraetilortosilikat (TEOS), çözücü olarak su kullanılarak hidrotermal ve sonokimyasal yöntemle MCM-41 sentezlenmistir. Ayrıca, ürünlerin dağılımına silika kaynağı ve sentez yönteminin etkisi  arastırılmıstır. Her iki yöntem de, istenilen katalizörler elde edilmistir. Elde edilen mezogözenekli yapıların karakterizasyonu X-Isını kırınım deseni
(XRD) , taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) yüzey alanı analizleri ile gerçeklestirilmistir. Sentezlenen MCM-41 materyali atık cep telefonlarının baskılı devre kartlarının pirolizinde katalizör olarak kullanılmıstır ve katalizör verimliliği incelenmistir.
Deneylerde silika kaynağı olarak sodyum silikat kullanılarak hidrotermal  yöntemle sentezlenen MCM-41 örneği M-1, sonokimyasal yöntemle sentezlenen MCM-41 örneği M-2 olarak adlandırılmıstır. Benzer sekilde; silika kaynağı olarak TEOS kullanılarak hidrotermal yöntemle sentezlenen MCM-41 örneği M-3, sonokimyasal yöntemle sentezlenen MCM-41 örneği M-4 olarak adlandırılmıstır. M-1, M-2, M-3 ve M-4 örnekleri için XRD  sonuçları Sekil 1’de verilmistir. MCM-41 için XRD spektrumunda gözlenen keskin bir pik (100) ve üç farklı pik (100), (200), (210) örneğin sıralı bir gözenekli yapıya sahip olduğunu gösterir [3-6]. Sentezlenen MCM-41 örnekleri için 2θ=2° açısında keskin bir pik, 2θ= 3-5° açı aralığında ise  birkaç zayıf pik gözlenmesi örneğin hekzagonal yapıda olduğunu  göstermektedir.
M-1, M-2, M-3 ve M-4 örneklerinin SEM görüntüleri Sekil 2’de verilmistir. SEM sonuçları her bir küresel kümenin yaklasık 60 nm çaplı  nanoparçacıklardan olustuğunu göstermektedir. Silika kaynağı, elde edilen MCM-41 yapısını etkilemektedir. Sekil 2 (ab) partiküllerin genis ölçüde kümelenmis küresel sekilde bulunduğunu göstermektedir.
Sekil 2 (c-d) ise süngerimsi yapıdaki MCM-41 partikülleri görülmektedir. BET yüzey alanı ve gözenek hacmi değerleri Tablo 1’de verilmistir. Tablodan da görüldüğü gibi, MCM-41 sentezinde sonokimyasal yöntemin kullanılması yüzey alanı ve gözenek hacminin artmasına neden olmustur.

References

  • Jentys A, Pham N H, Vinek H, Englisch M, Lercher J A. SYNTHESIS AND
  • CHARACTERIZATION OF MESOPORIC MATERIALS CONTAINING HIGHLY DISPERSED COBALT. Micropor. Mater. 1996 68:13-17.
  • Beck J S, Vartuli J C, Roth W J, Leonowicz M E, Kresge C T, Schimitt K D, Chu C T, Olson D H, Sheppard E W, McCullen S B, Higgins J B, Schlenker J L. A NEW FAMILY OF MESOPOROUS MOLECULAR SIEVES PREPARED WITH LIQUID CRYSTAL TEMPLATES. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1992 114:10834-10843.
  • Fu L, Zhang H. PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF MCM-41 TYPE MATERIALS IMPREGNATED WITH RARE EARTH COMPLEX. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 2001 17(3):293-298.
  • Blin J L, Otjacques C, Herrier G, B L. KINETIC STUDY OF MCM-41 SYNTHESIS. International Journal of Inorganic Materials 2001 3(1):75-86.
  • Laha S C, Mukherjee P, Kumar R. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SURFACE-MODIFIED AND ORGANIC-FUNCTIONALIZED MCM-41 TYPE ORDERED MESOPOROUS MATERIALS. Bull. Mater. Sci. 1999 22(3):623-626.
  • Yu J, Shi J L, Wang L Z, Ruan M L, Yan D S. PREPARATION OF HIGH THERMAL STABILITY MCM-41 IN THE LOW SURFACTANT/SILICON MOLAR RATION SYNTHESIS SYSTEMS. Materials Letters 2001 48:112-116.
There are 7 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section MEETING ABSTRACTS
Authors

Ümran Gedikli This is me

Zarife Mısırlıoğlu This is me

Pınar Acar Bozkurt

Muammer Canel This is me

Publication Date June 9, 2015
Submission Date June 5, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 2 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Gedikli Ü, Mısırlıoğlu Z, Acar Bozkurt P, Canel M. Synthesis of MCM-41 by Hydrothermal and Sonochemical Methods and Characterization. JOTCSA. 2015;2(3):54-8.