A Green and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of 3,4- Dihydropyrano[c]chromene using Phosphate Fertilizers (MAP, DAP and TSP) as Heterogeneous Catalysts

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 355 - 370, 01.01.2018

Abdelaziz Souızı , Soukaina Chehab Youssef Merroun Touriya Ghaılane Rachida Ghaılane Said Boukhrıs

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.358609

Cited By: 9

Abstract

This article presents a
simple and practical method for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromene,
which are heterocyclic compounds possessing a wide range of biological
properties. They have been obtained by the condensation of an aromatic
aldehyde, malononitrile and 4-hydroxycoumarin in presence of phosphate
fertilizers (MAP, DAP and TSP) as heterogeneous catalyst and ethanol as an
ecological solvent that makes this procedure environmentally friendly. The aim
of this study is the investigation of their catalytic activities through the
determination of the optimum conditions, which are the reaction time, the mass
of the catalyst used, the nature of the solvent and its appropriate volume.
These optimum conditions are the mean ones in the catalytic efficiency and they
permit to obtain better yields with shorter reaction times. The developed method
herein presents a green strategy which is characterized by mild reaction
conditions, high to excellent yields, short reaction times and easy catalyst
recovery. In addition, the experiment shows that these catalysts can be reused
successfully several times without significant loss of their catalytic
activity. 

Keywords

heterogeneous catalysts, MAP, DAP, TSP, dihydropyrano_c_chromene

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