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Swelling, Thermal and Mechanical Characterizations of High-Density Polyethylene/ Recycled Biochar Composites

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 1137 - 1144, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.984583

Abstract

This article aims to study recycled biochar (R-BCH) improvements on the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix properties. A series of composites was developed with a different loading varying from 0 to 10 wt.% of R-BCH, using a twin-screw extruder followed by compression molding. The results were showed that the addition of 3-10% of R-BCH in pure HDPE led to an increase in the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and a decrease of elongation at break. Furthermore, the differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) results showed that incorporating R-BCH into pure HDPE improved thermal properties because interfaces between R-BCH and pure HDPE caused decreased brittle behaviour and enhanced the high crosslinking of pure HDPE.

References

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  • 2. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Characterisation and performance of low-density poly ethylene-corn flour composites. Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering. 2018;2(2):171–9.
  • 3. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Investigation of improvement of properties of polypropylene modified by nano silica composites. Composites Communications. 2019 Apr;12:59–63.
  • 4. Awad S, Khalaf E. Modified performance of mechanical, thermal, and physical properties of high-density polyethylene–corn flour composites. Usak University Journal of Engineering Sciences. 2018;1(1):38–46.
  • 5. Trigui A, Karkri M, Peña L, Boudaya C, Candau Y, Bouffi S, et al. Thermal and mechanical properties of maize fibres–high density polyethylene biocomposites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2013 May;47(11):1387–97.
  • 6. Zhang Q, Li Y, Cai H, Lin X, Yi W, Zhang J. Properties comparison of high density polyethylene composites filled with three kinds of shell fibers. Results in Physics. 2019 Mar;12:1542–6.
  • 7. Awad S, Khalaf E. An investigation of the improvements of mechanical and thermal properties of high-density polyethene/nano clay composites. European Mechanical Science. 2019 Jun 20;3(2):41–4.
  • 8. Awad S. Investigation of Chemical Modification and Enzymatic Degradation of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Hemoprotein Particle Composites. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry. 2021 May 31;8(2):651–8.
  • 9. Awad SA. Enhancing the Thermal and Mechanical Characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Hemp Protein Particles (HPP) Composites. International Polymer Processing. 2021 May 26;36(2):137–43.
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  • 11. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Characterization and modifications of low-density poly ethylene-nano cellulose crystalline composites. Suranaree Journal of Science & Technology. 2020;27(1).
  • 12. Natalio F, Corrales TP, Feldman Y, Lew B, Graber ER. Sustainable Lightweight Biochar-Based Composites with Electromagnetic Shielding Properties. ACS Omega. 2020 Dec 22;5(50):32490–7.
  • 13. Matykiewicz D. Biochar as an Effective Filler of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Bio-Epoxy Composites. Processes. 2020 Jun 22;8(6):724.
  • 14. Poulose AM, Elnour AY, Anis A, Shaikh H, Al-Zahrani SM, George J, et al. Date palm biochar-polymer composites: An investigation of electrical, mechanical, thermal and rheological characteristics. Science of The Total Environment. 2018 Apr;619–620:311–8.
  • 15. Richard S, Rajadurai JS, Manikandan V. Influence of particle size and particle loading on mechanical and dielectric properties of biochar particulate-reinforced polymer nanocomposites. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization. 2016 Aug 17;21(6):462–77.
  • 16. Nan N, DeVallance DB, Xie X, Wang J. The effect of bio-carbon addition on the electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of polyvinyl alcohol/biochar composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2016 Apr;50(9):1161–8.
  • 17. He S, Zhou L, He H. Preparation and properties of wood plastic composites based on tea residue. Polym Compos. 2015 Dec;36(12):2265–74.
  • 18. Väisänen T, Heikkinen J, Tomppo L, Lappalainen R. Softwood Distillate as a Bio-Based Additive in Wood-Plastic Composites. Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology. 2016 Jul 3;36(4):278–87.
  • 19. Das O, Sarmah AK, Bhattacharyya D. A sustainable and resilient approach through biochar addition in wood polymer composites. Science of The Total Environment. 2015 Apr;512–513:326–36.
  • 20. Wu H, Liang X, Huang L, Xie Y, Tan S, Cai X. The utilization of cotton stalk bark to reinforce the mechanical and thermal properties of bio-flour plastic composites. Construction and Building Materials. 2016 Aug;118:337–43.
  • 21. Cholake ST, Rajarao R, Henderson P, Rajagopal RR, Sahajwalla V. Composite panels obtained from automotive waste plastics and agricultural macadamia shell waste. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2017 May;151:163–71.
  • 22. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Investigation of Photodegradation Preventing of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Nanoclay Composites. J Polym Environ. 2019 Sep;27(9):1908–17.
  • 23. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Evaluation of the photostabilizing efficiency of polyvinyl alcohol–zinc chloride composites. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials. 2020 Jan;33(1):69–84.
  • 24. Awad SA. Mechanical and thermal characterisations of low-density polyethylene/nanoclay composites. Polymers and Polymer Composites. 2020 Oct 30;096739112096844.
  • 25. Karagöz İ, Tuna Ö. Effect of melt temperature on product properties of injection-molded high-density polyethylene. Polym Bull. 2021 Oct;78(10):6073–91.
  • 26. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Improvement of the chemical,thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of polyethylene terephthalate–graphene particle composites. Bull Mater Sci. 2018 Jun;41(3):67.
  • 27. Karagöz İ. An effect of mold surface temperature on final product properties in the injection molding of high-density polyethylene materials. Polymer Bulletin. 2021;78:2627–44.
  • 28. Yu M, Mao H, Huang R, Ge Z, Tian P, Sun L, et al. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of R-High Density Polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Wheat Straw Particleboard Dust and Basalt Fiber. International Journal of Polymer Science. 2018;2018:1–10.
Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 1137 - 1144, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.984583

Abstract

References

  • 1. Awad S, Khalaf E. Evaluation of thermal and mechanical properties of Low-Density Poly Ethylene (LDPE)-Corn Flour (CF) composites. Int J Chemtech Res. 2017;10(13):230–5.
  • 2. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Characterisation and performance of low-density poly ethylene-corn flour composites. Aksaray University Journal of Science and Engineering. 2018;2(2):171–9.
  • 3. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Investigation of improvement of properties of polypropylene modified by nano silica composites. Composites Communications. 2019 Apr;12:59–63.
  • 4. Awad S, Khalaf E. Modified performance of mechanical, thermal, and physical properties of high-density polyethylene–corn flour composites. Usak University Journal of Engineering Sciences. 2018;1(1):38–46.
  • 5. Trigui A, Karkri M, Peña L, Boudaya C, Candau Y, Bouffi S, et al. Thermal and mechanical properties of maize fibres–high density polyethylene biocomposites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2013 May;47(11):1387–97.
  • 6. Zhang Q, Li Y, Cai H, Lin X, Yi W, Zhang J. Properties comparison of high density polyethylene composites filled with three kinds of shell fibers. Results in Physics. 2019 Mar;12:1542–6.
  • 7. Awad S, Khalaf E. An investigation of the improvements of mechanical and thermal properties of high-density polyethene/nano clay composites. European Mechanical Science. 2019 Jun 20;3(2):41–4.
  • 8. Awad S. Investigation of Chemical Modification and Enzymatic Degradation of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Hemoprotein Particle Composites. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry. 2021 May 31;8(2):651–8.
  • 9. Awad SA. Enhancing the Thermal and Mechanical Characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Hemp Protein Particles (HPP) Composites. International Polymer Processing. 2021 May 26;36(2):137–43.
  • 10. Wollerdorfer M, Bader H. Influence of natural fibres on the mechanical properties of biodegradable polymers. Industrial Crops and Products. 1998 May;8(2):105–12.
  • 11. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Characterization and modifications of low-density poly ethylene-nano cellulose crystalline composites. Suranaree Journal of Science & Technology. 2020;27(1).
  • 12. Natalio F, Corrales TP, Feldman Y, Lew B, Graber ER. Sustainable Lightweight Biochar-Based Composites with Electromagnetic Shielding Properties. ACS Omega. 2020 Dec 22;5(50):32490–7.
  • 13. Matykiewicz D. Biochar as an Effective Filler of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Bio-Epoxy Composites. Processes. 2020 Jun 22;8(6):724.
  • 14. Poulose AM, Elnour AY, Anis A, Shaikh H, Al-Zahrani SM, George J, et al. Date palm biochar-polymer composites: An investigation of electrical, mechanical, thermal and rheological characteristics. Science of The Total Environment. 2018 Apr;619–620:311–8.
  • 15. Richard S, Rajadurai JS, Manikandan V. Influence of particle size and particle loading on mechanical and dielectric properties of biochar particulate-reinforced polymer nanocomposites. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization. 2016 Aug 17;21(6):462–77.
  • 16. Nan N, DeVallance DB, Xie X, Wang J. The effect of bio-carbon addition on the electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of polyvinyl alcohol/biochar composites. Journal of Composite Materials. 2016 Apr;50(9):1161–8.
  • 17. He S, Zhou L, He H. Preparation and properties of wood plastic composites based on tea residue. Polym Compos. 2015 Dec;36(12):2265–74.
  • 18. Väisänen T, Heikkinen J, Tomppo L, Lappalainen R. Softwood Distillate as a Bio-Based Additive in Wood-Plastic Composites. Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology. 2016 Jul 3;36(4):278–87.
  • 19. Das O, Sarmah AK, Bhattacharyya D. A sustainable and resilient approach through biochar addition in wood polymer composites. Science of The Total Environment. 2015 Apr;512–513:326–36.
  • 20. Wu H, Liang X, Huang L, Xie Y, Tan S, Cai X. The utilization of cotton stalk bark to reinforce the mechanical and thermal properties of bio-flour plastic composites. Construction and Building Materials. 2016 Aug;118:337–43.
  • 21. Cholake ST, Rajarao R, Henderson P, Rajagopal RR, Sahajwalla V. Composite panels obtained from automotive waste plastics and agricultural macadamia shell waste. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2017 May;151:163–71.
  • 22. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Investigation of Photodegradation Preventing of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Nanoclay Composites. J Polym Environ. 2019 Sep;27(9):1908–17.
  • 23. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Evaluation of the photostabilizing efficiency of polyvinyl alcohol–zinc chloride composites. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials. 2020 Jan;33(1):69–84.
  • 24. Awad SA. Mechanical and thermal characterisations of low-density polyethylene/nanoclay composites. Polymers and Polymer Composites. 2020 Oct 30;096739112096844.
  • 25. Karagöz İ, Tuna Ö. Effect of melt temperature on product properties of injection-molded high-density polyethylene. Polym Bull. 2021 Oct;78(10):6073–91.
  • 26. Awad SA, Khalaf EM. Improvement of the chemical,thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of polyethylene terephthalate–graphene particle composites. Bull Mater Sci. 2018 Jun;41(3):67.
  • 27. Karagöz İ. An effect of mold surface temperature on final product properties in the injection molding of high-density polyethylene materials. Polymer Bulletin. 2021;78:2627–44.
  • 28. Yu M, Mao H, Huang R, Ge Z, Tian P, Sun L, et al. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of R-High Density Polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Wheat Straw Particleboard Dust and Basalt Fiber. International Journal of Polymer Science. 2018;2018:1–10.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Polymer Science and Technologies
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sameer Awad 0000-0002-9194-719X

Publication Date November 30, 2021
Submission Date August 19, 2021
Acceptance Date October 3, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 4

Cite

Vancouver Awad S. Swelling, Thermal and Mechanical Characterizations of High-Density Polyethylene/ Recycled Biochar Composites. JOTCSA. 2021;8(4):1137-44.