j. res. pharm. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 2630-6344 Marmara University 10.12991/jrespharm.1845185 Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Farmasotik Biyoteknoloji Functionalized glucose-binding lectin from Globularia alypum: extraction, partial purification and biological activities https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9913-8461 Barhouchi Badra Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center CRSP, Constantine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5194-3664 Merouane Fateh National Higher School of Biotechnology, Constantine University 3, Constantine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9691-3856 Amrani Rahma National Higher School of Biotechnology, Constantine University 3, Constantine https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1233-1877 Chidai Khadidja National Higher School of Biotechnology, Constantine University 3, Constantine 01 11 2026 30 1 330 340 10 24 2024 03 02 2025 Copyright © 2010, Journal of Research in Pharmacy 2010 Journal of Research in Pharmacy

In the present study, a new glucose specific lectin isolated from roots of an endemic plant Globularia alypum(designated as GaGBL1) is tested for its immunomodulatory, antihyperglycemic, antibacterial, anti-acetylcholinesteraseand antioxidant activities. The obtained lectin was exposed to agglutinate human erythrocytes of ABO blood groupsystem as well as the rabbit erythrocytes. Furthermore, the carbohydrate binding property of lectin was confirmed withthe inhibition of HA. The fractions showed hemagglutination activity (HA). GaGBL1 was found to be glucose specificlectin with a purification yield of 557.83 μg/mL. It was isolated from a protein capable of agglutinating only humanerythrocytes type O. Moreover, its relative agglutinating activity of 128 UH/mg protein was inhibited only by D-glucosewith MIC value of 200mM. Meanwhile, D-galactose, D-lactose, D-fructose, D-mannitol, and D-sucrose did not exert thiseffect. The pure protein GaGBL1 possessed an immunosuppressor action. Meanwhile, this lectin showed no inhibitoryeffects neither against bacterial strains nor for acetylcholinesterase enzyme. In addition, the results indicated a negativeantioxidant activity. Interestingly, it was seen that regular oral administration of GaGBL1 injected by intraperitonealroute to normoglycemic mice showed highly potent antihyperglycemic effect in comparison with the synthetic drugglibenclamide. These data reveal many interesting biological activities of GaGBL1 and suggest that complementaryinvestigations to explore its immunosuppressive and antidiabetic potentials. Hence, further characterization of thisnovel lectin and understanding of its mechanism of action will help to broaden its scope of biotechnological,pharmaceutical and agricultural applications.

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