Implementation of Shear Wave Velocity and Standard Penetration Test Correlation for Edirne District, Turkey

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 24 - 29, 31.03.2022

Kaveh Dehghanian Emrah Çaltılı Beste Koçak Hakan Murat Soysal

https://doi.org/10.14744/jscmt.2022.10

Cited By: 1

Abstract

It is critical to determine the shear wave velocity (Vs) for earthquake resistant construction design and ground improvement methods. Vs is used in geotechnical earthquake engineering and microzonation studies to calculate the stresses and strong motion characteristics that an earthquake will generate in the soil layers. Characterization of soil and rock small-strain shear modulus and shear wave velocity is an essential component of different seismic analyses such as ground classification, hazard analysis, site-response analysis, and soil-structure interaction. Due to the high expense of seismic testing in comparison to other field tests, these tests are often favored in more significant projects. In circumstances when field seismic testing cannot or only in a limited number of cases be undertaken, the need for correlations between shear wave velocity and other experimental data leads to calculation of Vs. In circumstances when undisturbed soil samples, such as gravel, sand, and silt, cannot be acquired, the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) has been effectively implemented, and numerous researchers have investigated the relationships between the obtained values and the shear wave velocity. It was discovered that the parameters influencing SPT-N number also influence shear wave velocity. Because the relationships presented in the literature are empirical formulae, they may not offer consistent findings for all soil conditions and soil types. The goal of this study is to determine the closest empirical relationships given in the literature by comparing derived SPT values to average shear-wave velocity to 30-m depth (Vs30) values obtained from Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) for the same sites in the Edirne area. Among the investigated relationships, the ones with the lowest error were recommended for estimate of Vs data in the locations with missing Vs data.

Keywords

Empirical Correlation, Standard Penetration Test, Shear Wave Velocity, ; Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves, Empirical Correlation

References

• [1] Kramer, S.L., (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. 653 pp.
• [2] Andrus, R.D., Stokoe, K.H., (1997). Liquefaction resistance based on shear wave velocity in evaluation of liquefaction resistance of soils. In: Youd, T.L., Idriss, I.M. (Eds.), National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (NCEER) Workshop. Proceedings, Salt Lake, UT, 89-128.
• [3] Dobry, R., Vucetic M., (1987). Dynamic properties and seismic response of soft clay deposits. Department of Civil Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 2, 51-87.
• [4] Lehane, B., Fahey, M., (2002). A simplified non-linear settlement prediction model for foundations on sand. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 39(2), 293-303.
• [5] Holzer, T.L., Bennett, M.J., Noce, T.E., Tinsley, J.C., (2005). Shear-wave velocity of surficial geologic sediments in northern California: statistical distributions and depth dependence. Earthquake Spectra 21(1), 161-177.
• [6] Ohba, S., Toriumi, I., (1970). Dynamic response characteristics of Osaka Plain. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, A. I. J (in Japanese).
• [7] Imai, T., Tonouchi, K., (1982). Correlation of N-value with S-wave velocity and shear modulus. Proceedings of the 2nd European Symposium of Penetration Testing, Amsterdam, 57-72.
• [8] Kanai, K., (1966). Conference. on Cone Penetrometer The Ministry of Public Works and Settlement (Ankara, Turkey) (presented by Y Sakai, 1968).
• [9] Fujiwara, T., (1972). Estimation of ground movements in actual destructive earthquakes. Proceedings of the Fourth European Symposium on Earthquake Engineering, London, 125-132.
• [10] Ohsaki, Y., Iwasaki, R., (1973). On dynamic shear moduli and Poisson's ratio of soil deposits. Soils and Foundations 13(4), 61-73.
• [11] Imai, T., (1977). P and S wave velocities of the ground in Japan. Proceeding of IX International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 2, 127-132.
• [12] Jinan, Z., (1987). Correlation between seismic wave velocity and the number of blow of SPT and depth. Selected Papers from the Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 92-100.
• [13] Kalteziotis, N., Sabatakakis, N., Vassiliou, J., (1992). Evaluation of dynamic characteristics of Greek soil formations. In: Second Hellenic Conference on Geotechnical Engineering 2, 239-246 (in Greek).
• [14] Athanasopoulos, G.A., (1995). Empirical correlations Vs-N SPT for soils of Greece: a comparative study of reliability. Transactions on the built environment 14, 19-26.
• [15] Jafari, M.K., Asghari, A., Rahmani, I., (1997). Empirical correlation between shear wave velocity (Vs) and SPT-N value for south of Tehran soils. Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Civil Engineering (Tehran, Iran) (in Persian).
• [16] Kiku, H., Yoshida, N., Yasuda, S., Irisawa, T., Nakazawa, H., Shimizu, Y., Ansal, A., Erkan, A., (2001). In-situ penetration tests and soil profiling in Adapazari, Turkey. Proceedings of the ICSMGE/TC4 Satellite Conference on Lessons Learned From Recent Strong Earthquakes, 259-265.
• [17] Hasançebi, N., Ulusay, R., (2007). Empirical correlations between shear wave velocity and penetration resistance for ground shaking assessments. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 66(2), 203-213.
• [18] Hanumantharao, C., Ramana, G.V., (2008). Dynamic soil properties for microzonation of Delhi, India. Journal of Earth Systen Science 117 (S2), 719-730.
• [19] Dikmen, U., (2009). Statistical correlations of shear wave velocity and penetration resistance for soils. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 6(1), 61-72.
• [20] Akin M.K., Kramer, S.L., Topal, T., (2011). Empirical correlations of shear wave velocity (Vs) and penetration resistance (SPT-N) for different soils in an earthquake-prone area (Erbaa-Turkey), Engineering Geology 119(1-2), 1-17.
• [21] Kellog, H. E. (1973). Geology and petroleum prospects Gulf of Saros and vicinity Southvvestern Thrace, Turkey. Ashland Oil of Turkey, Inc. Turkish Petrol. Adm. Archives, Ankara.
• [22] Holmes, A. W. (1966). l. Bölge Trakya'nın jeolojik etüdü ve stratigrafisi. Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı Rap. no: 368, (Not Published) Ankara.
• [23] Önem, Y. 1974. Gelibolu Yarımadası ve Çanakkale dolayının jeolojisi. Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı, Rap. no: 877, (Not Published) Ankara.
• [24] Saltık, 0. (1974). Şarköy-Mürefte sahaları jeolojisi ve petrol olanakları. Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı Rap. no: 879, Ankara.
• [25] Çağlayan, M. A., ve İmik, M., ve Yurtsever, A., (1988). Açınsama Nitelikli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları Serisi Edirne - C2 C3 ve Burgaz-A3, Edirne-B2,B3, Burgaz- A4, Kırklareli - B4,B5 ve C6 Paftaları - MTA. ve Saros Körfezi Dolayının Çökelme İstifleri Ve Tektonik Yerleşimi, Kuzey Ege Denizi, Türkiye.
• [26] Kirar B., Maheshwari B.K., Muley P., (2016). Correlation Between Shear Wave Velocity (Vs) and SPT Resistance (N) for Roorkee Region. Int. J. of Geosynth. and Ground Eng. 2-9.