The Role of Chemerin In Polycystic Over Syndrome

Year 2021, , 197 - 210, 31.08.2021

Fatmanur Hümeyra Zengin , Efsun Karabudak

https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.752616

Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disease defined by a combination of androgen excess and ovarian dysfunction. Although the etiology of PCOS is not fully known, hyperandrogenism, obesity, dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation and insulin resistance have a significant impact on the development of the syndrome. Adipose tissue, especially white adipose tissue, is under the influence of sex steroids, this effect is versatile and complex. Adipose tissue is prone to hypertrophy when exposed to androgen excess, and both adipose tissue hypertrophy and hyperandrogenism are associated with insulin resistance. Chronic low-grade inflammation caused by adipose tissue disorder has also been shown to play a role in the development of metabolic and reproductive disorders of PCOS. Chemerin, recently joined the adipokine family as a new chemoattractant protein. Chemerin has been shown in studies to play an important role in differentiation of human adipocytes, inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. It is thought that chemerin may contribute to the development of PCOS by associating it with insulin resistance and its inflammatory role as a chemoattractant substance in adipose tissue. In recent studies, serum chemerin concentrations have been found significantly higher in PCOS patients compared to healthy individuals and chemerin has been associated with body mass index, blood lipids, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Understanding the underlying mechanisms will help to better understand the pathology of PCOS and identify the new therapeutic goals of this syndrome. This review will focus on the possible effect of chemerin on the pathophysiology of PCOS.

Keywords

PCOS, Chemerin, Adipose tissue, Insulin resistance, Inflammation

POLİKİSTİK OVER SENDROMUNDA CHEMERİNİN ROLÜ

Abstract

Polikistik over sendromu (PKOS), androjen fazlalığının (klinik veya biyokimyasal) ve over disfonksiyonunun (oligo-ovulasyon ve / veya polikistik over morfolojisi ) kombinasyonu ile tanımlanan heterojen bir hastalıktır. Polikistik over sendromunun etiyolojisi tam olarak bilinmemesine rağmen hiperandrojenizm, obezite (özellikle abdominal obezite), dislipidemi, kronik inflamasyon ve insülin direnci sendromun gelişiminde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Adipoz doku, özellikle beyaz adipoz doku, cinsiyet steroidlerinin etkisi altındadır, bu etki çok yönlü ve karmaşıktır. Adipoz doku androjen fazlalığına maruz kaldığında hipertrofiye eğilimlidir ve hem adipoz doku hipertrofisi hem de hiperandrojenizm, insülin direnciyle ilişkilidir. Adipoz doku bozukluğunun neden olduğu kronik düşük dereceli inflamasyonun da PKOS'un metabolik ve üreme bozukluklarının gelişiminde rol oynayabileceği gösterilmiştir. Büyük oranda beyaz adipoz dokudan salgılanan chemerin, yakın zamanda yeni bir kemoatraktan protein olarak adipokin ailesine katılmıştır. Chemerinin insan adipositlerinin farklılaşmasında, inflamasyon, glukoz ve lipit metabolizmasında önemli bir rol oynadığı çalışmalarda gösterilmiştir. Chemerinin, obezite ve insülin direnci ile ilişkilendirilmesi ayrıca adipoz dokuda kemoatraktan bir madde olarak inflamatuvar rolü sayesinde PKOS gelişimine katkıda bulunabileceği düşünülmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda PKOS’lu bireylerde serum chemerin konsantrasyonları sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuş ve chemerin; beden kütle indeksi (BKİ), kan lipitleri, insülin direnci ve hiperandrojenizm ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Altta yatan mekanizmaların anlaşılması PKOS patolojisini daha iyi anlamaya ve bu sendromun yeni terapötik hedeflerini tanımlamaya yardımcı olacaktır. Bu derlemede, PKOS patofizyolojisinde chemerinin olası etkileri üzerinde durulacaktır.

Keywords

PKOS, adipoz doku, insülin direnci, inflamasyon, Chemerin

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