Türkiye'nin Adıyaman ilinde insanların COVİD-19 salgınına yönelik bilgi, tutum ve uygulamaları

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 288 - 294, 01.08.2021

Emel Dündar Ferit Kaya Edibe Pirincci

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma 18 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin koronavirüs grubundan olan COVID-19 salgınına karşı bilgi, tutum ve uygulamalarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Materyal ve Metot: Kesitsel tipte olan bu çalışma 12 Mayıs 2020-10 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında Adıyaman ilinde bir Aile Hekimliği Birimine kayıtlı olan bireylere anket formu uygulanarak yapılmıştır. Aile Hekimliği Birimine kayıtlı olan 1842 kişi çalışmanın evrenini oluşturmaktadır. %95 güven aralığı, %50 prevalans, 0.5 hata payı ile örnekleme alınacak kişi sayısı 255 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Anket formu yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılarak uygulanmıştır. Ortalamalar standart sapmalar ile birlikte verilmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz yöntemi olarak X² ve t testi ve kullanılmıştır. P<0.05 anlamlı olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 39,92±13,52 yıl olup, %63,0’ı kadındır. %84,3’ü ise evliydi. Katılımcıların bilgi düzeyi ortalaması 5,68±1,71 olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda bilgi puan ortalaması erkeklerde, çalışanlarda ve ön lisans ve üzeri eğitim seviyesine sahip olanlarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Katılımcıların tutum puanı ortalaması 2.40±0.78, uygulama puanı ortalaması 12,17±1,17 idi. Bilgi sorularında en çok bilinen semptom ateşti. Aşı olması durumunda %84,7’si aşı yaptırmak istiyordu.
Sonuç: Bireylerin COVID 19 hakkında bilgi düzeyi, tutum ve uygulamaları beklenenden düşüktü. Erkeklerde bilgi puan ortalaması ve tutum puan ortalaması anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Bu yüzden bireylerin COVID19 ile mücadelede bilgi düzeyini, olumlu tutum ve uygulamalarını artıracak eğitimler yapılmalıdır.

Keywords

COVID-19, tutum, uygulama, salgın

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards COVID-19 among people in Adiyaman, Turkey

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to examine the knowledge, attitude and practices of individuals aged 18 and over towards one of the coronavirus outbreak COVID-19.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out by applying a questionnaire to individuals who were registered to a family medicine unit in Adiyaman between 12 May and 10 July. The study population consists of 1842 people registered in the family physician unit. With 95% confidence interval, 50% prevalence, 0.5 margin of error, the number of people to be sampled was calculated as 255. The questionnaire was applied through face to face interviews. Averages were given with standard deviations. χ² and t test were used as statistical analysis method. The p<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The average age of participants included in the study was 39.92 ± 13.52 years and 63.0% were women. 84.3% were married. The mean knowledge score of the participants was found to be 5.68 ± 1.71. In our study, the mean knowledge score was significantly higher in men, employees, and those with an associate degree or above (p<0.05). The average attitude score of the participants was 2.40 ± 0.78, and mean practice score was 12.17 ± 1.17. The most known symptom in information questions was fever. If vaccination is available, 84.7% wanted to get vaccinated.
Conclusions: The mean score of knowledge, attitude and practice of individuals about COVID-19 was lower than expected. The mean score and attitude mean score were significantly higher in men. Therefore training programs should be planned to increase the knowledge level, positive attitudes and good practices of individuals in the struggle against COVID-19.

Keywords

COVID-19, attitude, practice, outbreak.

References

• 1. Velavan TP, Meyer CD. The COVID-19 epidemic. Trop Med Int Heal 2020;100:278-80.
• 2. WHO. COVID-19, https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses/;2020 [accessed 15.03.20].
• 3. WHO. Coronavirus, https.//ww.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus/;2020 [accessed 18.02.20].
• 4. CDC. Symptoms, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html/;2020 [accessed 15.03.20].
• 5. WHO. Statement on the second meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/30-01-2020-statement-on-the-second-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)/;2020 [accessed:15.03.20].
• 6. WHO. Emergencies, https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen/;2020 [accessed 1.03.20].
• 7. WHO. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Situation Reports, https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports/;2020 [accessed 27.06.20].
• 8. Goni MD, Hasan H, Naing NN, Arfah N, Deris ZZ, Arifin WN et al. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice towards prevention of respiratory tract infections among hajj and umrah pilgrims from Malaysia in 2018. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16(22):1–11.
• 9. NCBI. Pandemics:risks, impacts, and mitigation, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525302/;2020 [accessed 15.03.20].
• 10. Srichan P, Apidechkul T, Tamornpark R, Yeemard F, Khunthason S, Kitchanapaiboon S et al. Knowledge, Attitude and Preparedness to respond to the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) among the bordered population of northern Thailand in the early period of the outbreak:A cross-sectional study. SSRN Electronic Journal 2020:SSRN 3546046.
• 11. Khan MU, Shah S, Ahmad A, Fatokun O. Knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers about middle east respiratory syndrome in multispecialty hospitals of Qassim, Saudi Arabia. BMC Public Health 2014;14(1):1-7.
• 12. Nour MO, Babilghith AO, Natto HA, Al-Amin FO, Alawneh SM. Knowledge, attitude and practices of healthcare providers towards MERS-CoV infection at Makkah hospitals KSA. IRJMMS 2015;3:103–12.
• 13. Chen J, Qi T, Liu L, Yun L, Qian Z, Li T et al. Clinical progression of patients with COVID-19 in Shanghai, China. J. Infect 2020;80(5):1-6.
• 14. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Sağlık İstatistikleri Yıllığı 2018, https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/36134,siy2018trpdf.pdf?0/;2020 [accessed 19.04.2020].
• 15. Yaqub O, Castle-Clarke S, Sevdalis N, Chataway J. Attitudes to vaccination:a critical review. Soc Sci Med 2014;112:1-11.
• 16. Bakhache P, Rodrigo C, Davie S, Ahuja A, Sudavar B Crudup T et al. Health care providers’ and parents’ attitudes toward administration of new infant vaccines-A multinational survey. Eur J Pediatr 2013;172 (4):485–92.
• 17. Huynh H, Nguyen TN, Tran VK, Vo KN, Vo VT, Pham LA. Knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 among healthcare workers at district 2 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2020;13:6–11.
• 18. Zhong BL, Luo W, Li HM, Zhang QQ, Liu XG, Li WT et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak:a quick online cross-sectional survey. Int J Biol Sci 2020;16(10):1745-52.
• 19. Albarrak AI, Mohammed R, Elayan AA, Fawaz FA, Masry MA, Shammari MA et al. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS):Comparing the knowledge, attitude and practices of different health care workers. J Infect Public Health 2019;617:6–13.
• 20. Aziz MM, Abd El-Megeed HS, Abd Ellatif MAM. Pre-travel health seeking practices of Umrah pilgrims departing from Assiut International Airport Egypt. Travel Med Infect Dis 2018;23:72–6.
• 21. Balkhy HH, Abolfotouh MA, Al-hathlool RH, Al-jumah MA. Awareness, attitudes, and practices related to the swine influenza pandemic among the Saudi public. BMC 2010;10 (42:1-7.
• 22. Sadique MA, Edmunds WJ, Smith RD, Meerding WJ, Zwarts O, Brugs J. et al. Precautionary behavior in response to perceived threat of pandemic influenza. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2007;13 (9):1307–13.