Research Article
Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)’in Artvin, Türkiye’deki Doğal Olarak Yetişen ve Süs Bitkisi Olarak Yetiştirilen Şimşir Populasyonlarındaki Zarar Seviyesi
Abstract
Çalışmanın
Amacı:
Şimşir kelebeği, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae),
Türkiye’de, şimşirin, Buxus sempervirens,
önemli bir yabancı istilacı türüdür. İlk olarak 2011’de İstanbul’da tespit
edilmiştir. Asya’daki şimşirlerin doğal bir türüdür. Avrupa’da ilk olarak 2007
yılında Almanya’da tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edildiği günden buyana Avrupa’da
çeşitli ekosistemlere başarılı bir şekilde yerleşmiştir. Tırtıllar şimşir
yapraklarıyla beslenir ve şiddetli yaprak kaybına ve ağaç ölümlerine neden
olur. Bu çalışmada, süs bitkisi olarak yetiştirilen ve doğal olarak yetişen
şimşirlerdeki zarar seviyesi ve yaprak kaybı oranı araştırılmıştır.
Çalışma
Alanı:
Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesindeki Artvin’de şimşir bitkileri
örneklenmiştir.
Materyal ve
Yöntem:
Doğal olarak yetişen ya da süs bitkisi olarak yetiştirilen toplam 90 şimşir
örneklenmiştir.
Temel Sonuçlar: Doğal
olarak yetişen şimşirlerin çoğunluğu (%63,4) kuvvetli ve çok kuvvetli zarar
görmüştür, süs bitkisi olarak yetiştirilen şimşirlerin %71,4’ü ise orta düzeyde
ve kuvvetli zarar görmüştür.
Araştırma vurguları: İncelenen tüm bitkilerin %53,4’ünde %40-%100 yaprak
kaybı yaşanmış ve bunların %25’i zararı atlatamamıştır.
References
- Aksoy, N. (1998). Expeditions to the Box (Buxus sempervirens) Forest at Fırtına Catchment Area (Çamlıhemşin, Rize). The Karaca Arboretum Magazine, 4(3), 97-108.
- Alkan-Akıncı, H., Eroğlu, M. & Özcan, G.E. (2010). Ladin Ormanlarımızda Rhizophagus grandis (Gyllenhal)’in Dendroctonus micans (Kugelann) Popülasyonlarına Yerleşmesi ve Predatörün Kolonizasyon Düzeyleri. Kastamonu Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(2), 137-146.
- Anonymous, (2018). Şimşir Zararlısına Dur Diyoruz. https://artvinobm.ogm.gov.tr/ Site Pages/ OGM/ OGM Haberler.aspx? Erişim tarihi: 28.11.2018.
- Clausen, C.P. (1978). Introduced parasites and predators of arthropod pests and weeds: a review (In: Agricultural Hand Book, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture) Washington, D.C., USA.
- Feldtrauer, J.F., Feldtrauer, J.J. & Brua, C. (2009). Premiers signalements en France de la Pyrale du Buis Diaphania perspectalis (Walker, 1859), espece exotique envahissante s'attaquant aux Buis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse, 65, 55-58.
- Fischbein, D. & Corley, J.C. (2015). Classical biological control of an invasive forest pest: a world perspective of the management of Sirex noctilio using the parasitoid Ibalia leucospoides (Hymenoptera: Ibaliidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 105(1), 1-12.
- Fora, C.G. & Poşta, D.S. (2015). Cydalima perspectalis Walk. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a dangerous pest of Buxus sempervirens in Timis County, Romania. Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, 19 (3), 26-31.
- Grégoire, J.C. (1988). The greater European spruce beetle (Editor Berryman A.A. In: Dynamics of Forest Insects Populations) New York, USA: Plenum Press, 455-478.
- Gninenko, Y.I., Shiryaeva, N.V. & Shurov V.I. (2014). The box tree moth - a new invasive pest in the Caucasian forests. Plant Health Research and Practice, 7, 32-39.
- Henricot, B. & Culham, A., (2002). Cylindrocladium buxicola, a new species affecting Buxus spp., and its phylogenetic status. Mycologia, 94, 980–997.
- Hizal, E., Köse, M., Yesil, C. & Kaynar, D. (2012). The new pest Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Turkey. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 11(3), 400-403.
- Inoue, H., Sugi, S., Kuroko, H., Moriuti, S. & Kawabe A. (1982). Pyralidae (Editors Inoue H., Sugi S., Kuroko H., Moriuti S., Kawabe A. In: Moths of Japan) Kodansha, pp. 307-404, Tokyo, Japan.
- John, R. & Schumacher, J. (2013). Der Buchsbaum-Zünsler (Cydalima perspectalis) im Grenzach-Wyhlener Buchswald - Invasionschronik und Monitoringergebnisse. (Der Buchsbaum-Zünsler (Cydalima perspectalis) im Grenzach-Wyhlener Buchswald - Invasionschronik und Monitoringergebnisse.). Gesunde Pflanzen, 65, 1-6.
- Kenis, M., Nacambo, S., Leuthardt, F.L.G., Di Domenico, F. & Haye, T. (2013). The box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis, in Europe: horticultural pest or environmental disaster? Aliens, 33, 38-41.
- Krüger, E.O. (2008). Glyphodes perspectalis (Walker, 1859) – new for the European fauna (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift mit Insekten-Börse, 118(2), 81-83.
- Lehtijärvi, A., Doğmuş-Lehtijärvi, H.T. & Oskay, F. (2014). Cylindrocladium buxicola is threatening the native Buxus sempervirens populations in Turkey. Plant Protection Science, 50(4), 227-229.
- Lehtijärvi, A., Doğmuş-Lehtijärvi, H.T. & Oskay, F. (2017). Boxwood Blight in Turkey: Impact on Natural Boxwood Populations and Management Challenges. Baltic Forestry, 23(1), 274-278.
- Leuthardt, F.L.G.& Baur, B. (2013). Oviposition preference and larval development of the invasive moth Cydalima perspectalis on five European box-tree varieties. Journal of Applied Entomology, 137, 437-444.
- Leuthardt, F.L.G., Billen, W.& Baur, B. (2010). Spread of the box-tree pyralid Diaphania perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the region of Basel - a pest species new for Switzerland. (Ausbreitung des Buchsbaumzünslers Diaphania perspectalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) in der Region Basel - eine für die Schweiz neue Schädlingsart.). Entomo Helvetica, 3, 51-57. Leuthardt, F.L.G. & Ramin S. (2011). The Box-Tree Pyralid Diaphania perspectalis - Occurrence, Dispersal and Impact of an Invasive Species in Switzerland. Jahrbuch der Baumpflege, 255-260.
- Öztürk, N., Akbulut, S. & Yüksel, B. (2016). Düzce İçin Yeni Bir Zararlı Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Ormancılık Dergisi, 12(1), 112-121.
- Sáfián, S. & Horváth, B. (2011). Box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859)) - a potential garden pest - new member in the Hungarian lepidoptera fauna (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Növényvédelem, 47(10), 437-438.
- Seljak, G. (2012). Six new alien phytophagous insect species recorded in Slovenia in 2011. Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 20(1), 31-44.
- Straten, M.J. van der & Muus, T.S.T. (2010). The box tree pyralid, Glyphodes perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), an invasive alien moth ruining box trees. Proceedings of the Netherlands Entomological Society, 21, 107-111.
- Toper-Kaygın, A. & Taşdeler, C. (2018). Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Şimşirlerimiz İçin Bir Tehdit mi? III. Türkiye Orman Entomolojisi ve Patolojisi Sempozyumu Bildiri Özetleri, 10-12 Mayıs 2018, Artvin, p. 21.
- Wan, H., Haye, T., Kenis, M., Nacambo, S., Xu, H., Zhang, F. & Li, H. (2014). Biology and natural enemies of Cydalima perspectalis in Asia: Is there biological control potential in Europe? Journal of Applied Entomology, 138(10), 715-722.
- Yaltırık, F. & Efe, A. (2000). Dendroloji. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları No: 4265/465, ISBN: 975-404-594-1.
Damage Level of Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on Naturally Growing and Ornamental Box Populations in Artvin, Turkey
Abstract
Aim of study: The box
tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is an
important alien invasive species on box, Buxus sempervirens, in Turkey. It was first detected in 2011 in Istanbul.
It is a native pest of box plants in Asia.
Its first discovery in Europe has been made in 2007 in Germany. Since
then it has been successfully established in various ecosystems in Europe.
Caterpillars feed on box leaves and cause severe defoliation and tree deaths.
In this study, damage level and defoliation percentage were investigated on
ornamental and naturally growing box plants.
Area of study: Box plants were
sampled in Artvin in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey.
Material and Method: A total of 90 box plants that were
either naturally growing or ornamental box plants were sampled
Main results: Majority of the
naturally growing box plants (63.4%) had strong and very strong damages, and
71.4% of the ornamental box plants had middle and strong damage levels.
Research highlights: Of the all
observed plants, 53.4% had 40-100% defoliation and 25% of these plants did not
recover.
References
- Aksoy, N. (1998). Expeditions to the Box (Buxus sempervirens) Forest at Fırtına Catchment Area (Çamlıhemşin, Rize). The Karaca Arboretum Magazine, 4(3), 97-108.
- Alkan-Akıncı, H., Eroğlu, M. & Özcan, G.E. (2010). Ladin Ormanlarımızda Rhizophagus grandis (Gyllenhal)’in Dendroctonus micans (Kugelann) Popülasyonlarına Yerleşmesi ve Predatörün Kolonizasyon Düzeyleri. Kastamonu Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(2), 137-146.
- Anonymous, (2018). Şimşir Zararlısına Dur Diyoruz. https://artvinobm.ogm.gov.tr/ Site Pages/ OGM/ OGM Haberler.aspx? Erişim tarihi: 28.11.2018.
- Clausen, C.P. (1978). Introduced parasites and predators of arthropod pests and weeds: a review (In: Agricultural Hand Book, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture) Washington, D.C., USA.
- Feldtrauer, J.F., Feldtrauer, J.J. & Brua, C. (2009). Premiers signalements en France de la Pyrale du Buis Diaphania perspectalis (Walker, 1859), espece exotique envahissante s'attaquant aux Buis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse, 65, 55-58.
- Fischbein, D. & Corley, J.C. (2015). Classical biological control of an invasive forest pest: a world perspective of the management of Sirex noctilio using the parasitoid Ibalia leucospoides (Hymenoptera: Ibaliidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 105(1), 1-12.
- Fora, C.G. & Poşta, D.S. (2015). Cydalima perspectalis Walk. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a dangerous pest of Buxus sempervirens in Timis County, Romania. Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, 19 (3), 26-31.
- Grégoire, J.C. (1988). The greater European spruce beetle (Editor Berryman A.A. In: Dynamics of Forest Insects Populations) New York, USA: Plenum Press, 455-478.
- Gninenko, Y.I., Shiryaeva, N.V. & Shurov V.I. (2014). The box tree moth - a new invasive pest in the Caucasian forests. Plant Health Research and Practice, 7, 32-39.
- Henricot, B. & Culham, A., (2002). Cylindrocladium buxicola, a new species affecting Buxus spp., and its phylogenetic status. Mycologia, 94, 980–997.
- Hizal, E., Köse, M., Yesil, C. & Kaynar, D. (2012). The new pest Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Turkey. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 11(3), 400-403.
- Inoue, H., Sugi, S., Kuroko, H., Moriuti, S. & Kawabe A. (1982). Pyralidae (Editors Inoue H., Sugi S., Kuroko H., Moriuti S., Kawabe A. In: Moths of Japan) Kodansha, pp. 307-404, Tokyo, Japan.
- John, R. & Schumacher, J. (2013). Der Buchsbaum-Zünsler (Cydalima perspectalis) im Grenzach-Wyhlener Buchswald - Invasionschronik und Monitoringergebnisse. (Der Buchsbaum-Zünsler (Cydalima perspectalis) im Grenzach-Wyhlener Buchswald - Invasionschronik und Monitoringergebnisse.). Gesunde Pflanzen, 65, 1-6.
- Kenis, M., Nacambo, S., Leuthardt, F.L.G., Di Domenico, F. & Haye, T. (2013). The box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis, in Europe: horticultural pest or environmental disaster? Aliens, 33, 38-41.
- Krüger, E.O. (2008). Glyphodes perspectalis (Walker, 1859) – new for the European fauna (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift mit Insekten-Börse, 118(2), 81-83.
- Lehtijärvi, A., Doğmuş-Lehtijärvi, H.T. & Oskay, F. (2014). Cylindrocladium buxicola is threatening the native Buxus sempervirens populations in Turkey. Plant Protection Science, 50(4), 227-229.
- Lehtijärvi, A., Doğmuş-Lehtijärvi, H.T. & Oskay, F. (2017). Boxwood Blight in Turkey: Impact on Natural Boxwood Populations and Management Challenges. Baltic Forestry, 23(1), 274-278.
- Leuthardt, F.L.G.& Baur, B. (2013). Oviposition preference and larval development of the invasive moth Cydalima perspectalis on five European box-tree varieties. Journal of Applied Entomology, 137, 437-444.
- Leuthardt, F.L.G., Billen, W.& Baur, B. (2010). Spread of the box-tree pyralid Diaphania perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the region of Basel - a pest species new for Switzerland. (Ausbreitung des Buchsbaumzünslers Diaphania perspectalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) in der Region Basel - eine für die Schweiz neue Schädlingsart.). Entomo Helvetica, 3, 51-57. Leuthardt, F.L.G. & Ramin S. (2011). The Box-Tree Pyralid Diaphania perspectalis - Occurrence, Dispersal and Impact of an Invasive Species in Switzerland. Jahrbuch der Baumpflege, 255-260.
- Öztürk, N., Akbulut, S. & Yüksel, B. (2016). Düzce İçin Yeni Bir Zararlı Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Ormancılık Dergisi, 12(1), 112-121.
- Sáfián, S. & Horváth, B. (2011). Box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859)) - a potential garden pest - new member in the Hungarian lepidoptera fauna (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Növényvédelem, 47(10), 437-438.
- Seljak, G. (2012). Six new alien phytophagous insect species recorded in Slovenia in 2011. Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 20(1), 31-44.
- Straten, M.J. van der & Muus, T.S.T. (2010). The box tree pyralid, Glyphodes perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), an invasive alien moth ruining box trees. Proceedings of the Netherlands Entomological Society, 21, 107-111.
- Toper-Kaygın, A. & Taşdeler, C. (2018). Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Şimşirlerimiz İçin Bir Tehdit mi? III. Türkiye Orman Entomolojisi ve Patolojisi Sempozyumu Bildiri Özetleri, 10-12 Mayıs 2018, Artvin, p. 21.
- Wan, H., Haye, T., Kenis, M., Nacambo, S., Xu, H., Zhang, F. & Li, H. (2014). Biology and natural enemies of Cydalima perspectalis in Asia: Is there biological control potential in Europe? Journal of Applied Entomology, 138(10), 715-722.
- Yaltırık, F. & Efe, A. (2000). Dendroloji. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları No: 4265/465, ISBN: 975-404-594-1.
There are 26 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 30, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 19 Issue: 2 |
Cite
Cited By
Hatay ili Şimşir Alanlarında Yeni Bir Zararlı, Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi
Ömer SARI
https://doi.org/10.17474/artvinofd.893012
