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EDXRF Spektrometresi Kullanılarak Pileki Mağarası’ndan Çıkarılan Pileki Taşı ve Toprak Örneklerinde İz Elementlerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 47 - 56, 15.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.333055

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Rize ilinde bulunan Pileki
Mağarası’ndan çıkarılan Pileki Taşı ve toprak örneklerinde iz element (Cr, Mn,
Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn ve Pb) konsantrasyonları Enerji Dağılımlı X-Işını Floresans
(EDXRF) spektrometresi ile belirlendi. Alınan örneklerde Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn
ve Pb elementleri için ortalama konsantrasyonlar sırasıyla toprak örnekleri
için 49.63 ± 4.13, 1255.26 ± 14.73, 88534.43 ± 646.01, 26.19 ± 1.94, 248.02 ± 3.34,
85.06 ± 1.55 ve 33.98 ± 0.89 mg/kg, pileki taşı örnekleri için 28.06 ± 2.13,
803.89 ± 10.28, 59555.64 ± 534.40, 23.56 ± 1.51, 150.27 ± 2.88, 58.95 ± 1.01 ve
32.10 ± 1.20 mg/kg olarak bulundu. Toprak örnekleri için elde edilen
konsantrasyonlar Mn ve Cu konsantrasyonları hariç dünya topraklarında gözlenen
sınır değerler içerisinde bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, çalışılan örnekler için elde
edilen konsantrasyon değerleri, dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde yapılan çalışmalarla
karşılaştırıldı.

References

  • Aubert, H. and Pinta, M., (1980). Trace Elements in Soils. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.
  • Aydin, I., Aydin, F., Saydut, A., Bakirdere, E. G., and Hamamci, C., (2010). Hazardous metal geochemistry of sedimentary phosphate rock used for fertilizer (Mazıdag, SE Anatolia, Turkey). Microchemical Journal, 96, 247–251.
  • Banat, K.M., Howari, F.M., and Al-Hamada, A.A., (2005). Heavy metals in urban soils of central Jordan: Should we worry about their environmental risks. Environmental Research, 97, 258–273.
  • Bech, J., Suarez, M., Reverter, F., Tume, P., Sánchez, P., Bech, J., and Lansac, A., (2010). Selenium and other trace elements in phosphate rock of Bayovar–Sechura (Peru). Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 107, 136–14.
  • Biasioli, M., Grcman, H., Kralj, T., Madrid, F., Diaz-Barrientos, E., and Ajmone-Marsan, F., (2007). Potentially toxic elements contamination in urban soils: a comparison of three European cities. J Environ Qual, 36, 70–79.
  • Brewster, UC. and Perazella, MA., (2004). A review of chronic lead intoxication: an unrecognized cause of chronic kidney disease. Am J Med Sci, 327(6), 341–347. Brouwer, P., (2003). Theory of XRF, Netherlands: Panalytical B.V.
  • Christova, J., Christov, D., and Kuikin, S., (2007). Background contents of some minor and trace elements in the rocks on Bulgarian territory. Geologica Balcanica, 36(1-2), 65-76.
  • Conceicao, F.T. and Daniel Marcos Bonotto, D.M., (2006). Radionuclides, heavy metals and fluorine incidence at Tapira phosphate rocks, Brazil, and their industrial (by) products. Environmental Pollution, 139, 232-243.
  • De Miguel, E., Iribarren, I., Chacon, E., Ordonez, A., and Charlesworth, S., (2007). Risk-based evaluation of the exposure of children to trace elements in playgrounds in Madrid (Spain). Chemosphere, 66, 505–513.
  • Demir, N., (2012). www.necatidemir.net/images/demir/bkosem/bileki_pileki.pdf.
  • Demirci, Ş. ve Yalçınkaya, I., (1992). Karain Mağarasından elde dilen bazı toprak ve sediment örneklerinin analizi. Arkeometri sonuçları toplantısı VIII. (291-294), Ankara.
  • Diaz Rizo, O., Echeverria Castillo, F., Arado Lopez, J.O., and Hernandez Merlo, M., (2011). Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Urban Soils of Havana City, Cuba. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 87, 414–419.
  • Dizman, S., (2016). Natural Radioactivity Levels in Pileki Stone and Soil Samples Taken From Pileki Cave in Rize Province. Adıyaman University Journal of Science, 6 (2), 217-232.
  • Fiedler, H.J. and Rösler, H.J., (1988). Spurenelemente in der Umwelt. Stuttgart: Verlag Ferdinand Enke.
  • Ikem, A., Campbell, M., Nyirakahibi, I., and Garth, J., (2008). Baseline concentrations of trace elements in residential soils from Southeastern Missouri. Environ Monit Assess, 140, 69–81.
  • Ishikawa, H., Berman, S., and Yagi, K., (1971). Geochemical study of trace elements in the alkalic rocks of Nemuro Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Geochemical Journal, 5, 187- 206.
  • Javied, S., Mehmood, T., Chaudhry, M.M., Tufail, M., and Irfan, N., (2009). Heavy metal pollution from phosphate rock used for the production of fertilizer in Pakistan. Microchemical Journal 91, 94–99.
  • Kazancı, A. ve Gürbüz, A., (2014). Jeolojik miras nitelikli Türkiye doğal taşları, Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 57(1), 19-44.
  • Korkmaz Görür, F., Keser, R., Akçay, N., S. Dizman, S., (2012). Radioactivity and heavy metal concentrations of some commercial fish species consumed in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Chemosphere, 87, 356–361.
  • Mielke, H.W., Laidlaw, M.A.S., and Gonzales, C., (2010). Lead (Pb) legacy from vehicle traffic in eight California urbanized areas: continuing influence of lead dust on children’s health. Sci Total Environ, 408, 3965–3975.
  • Navas-Acien, A., Guallar, E., Silbergeld, E.K., and Rothenberg, S.J., (2007). Lead exposure and cardiovascular disease a systematic review. Environ Health Perspect, 115(3), 472–482.
  • Nazik, L., Savaş, F., Kahraman, İ., ve Acar, C., (2008). Pikeli mağarası (Taşhane) İyidere-Rize araştırma raporu, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü (MTA) Raporları, 11012.
  • Önal, Ü., (2013). Ekmeğimizi pişirdiğimiz bir araç; pileki. Bizim Ahıska, Kış 2013, 47-48.
  • Pendias, K. and Pendias, H., (2001). Trace elements in soils and plants. Newyork: CRC Press.
  • Qi Liang, Hu Jing and D. Conrad Gregoire. Determination of trace elements in granites by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Talanta 51 (2000) 507–513.
  • Şaroğlu, F., Güner, Y., Nazik, L., ve Aksoy, B., (2010). Pileki mağarası ve jeokültürel değeri, 1. Uluslararası Jeolojik Sempozyumu ve Güneydoğu Avrupa Ülkeleri Pro GEO Toplantısı (34-35), Elazığ.
  • Turkdogan, M.K., Kilicel, F., Kara, K., Tuncer, İ., ve Uygan, İ., (2002). Heavy metals in soil, vegetables and fruits in the endemic upper gastrointestinal cancer region of Turkey. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13,175-179.
  • Tuzen, M., (2003). Determination of heavy metals in soil, mushroom and plant samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchemical Journal, 74, 289–297.
  • Uzun, A. ve Uzun, S., (2001). Taşhaneden aşhaneye taş pilekiler. Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2, 149-168.
  • Yay, O.D., Alagha, O., and Tuncel, G., (2008). Multivariate statistics to investigate metal contamination in surface soil. Environ Manag, 86, 581–594.

Determination of Trace Elements in Pileki Stone and Soil Samples Obtained from Pileki Cave by Using EDXRF Spectrometer

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 47 - 56, 15.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.333055

Abstract

In this study, concentrations of trace elements
(Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb) were determined in Pileki Stone and soil
samples obtained from Pileki Cave in Rize by Energy Dispersive X-Ray
Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry. The mean concentrations of Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni,
Cu, Zn and Pb elements in soil samples were 49.63 ± 4.13, 1255.26 ± 14.73,
88534.43 ± 646.01, 26.19 ± 1.94, 248.02 ± 3.34, 85.06 ± 1.55 and 33.98 ± 0.89 mg/kg,
respectively and they were found to be 28.06 ± 2.13, 803.89 ± 10.28, 59555.64 ±
534.40, 23.56 ± 1.51, 150.27 ± 2.88, 58.95 ± 1.01 and 32.10 ± 1.20 mg/kg for
pileki stone samples. Concentrations obtained for soil samples were found to be
within the limit values observed in world soils except Mn and Cu concentrations.
In addition, the concentration values obtained for the studied samples were
compared to the studies conducted in different regions of the world.

References

  • Aubert, H. and Pinta, M., (1980). Trace Elements in Soils. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.
  • Aydin, I., Aydin, F., Saydut, A., Bakirdere, E. G., and Hamamci, C., (2010). Hazardous metal geochemistry of sedimentary phosphate rock used for fertilizer (Mazıdag, SE Anatolia, Turkey). Microchemical Journal, 96, 247–251.
  • Banat, K.M., Howari, F.M., and Al-Hamada, A.A., (2005). Heavy metals in urban soils of central Jordan: Should we worry about their environmental risks. Environmental Research, 97, 258–273.
  • Bech, J., Suarez, M., Reverter, F., Tume, P., Sánchez, P., Bech, J., and Lansac, A., (2010). Selenium and other trace elements in phosphate rock of Bayovar–Sechura (Peru). Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 107, 136–14.
  • Biasioli, M., Grcman, H., Kralj, T., Madrid, F., Diaz-Barrientos, E., and Ajmone-Marsan, F., (2007). Potentially toxic elements contamination in urban soils: a comparison of three European cities. J Environ Qual, 36, 70–79.
  • Brewster, UC. and Perazella, MA., (2004). A review of chronic lead intoxication: an unrecognized cause of chronic kidney disease. Am J Med Sci, 327(6), 341–347. Brouwer, P., (2003). Theory of XRF, Netherlands: Panalytical B.V.
  • Christova, J., Christov, D., and Kuikin, S., (2007). Background contents of some minor and trace elements in the rocks on Bulgarian territory. Geologica Balcanica, 36(1-2), 65-76.
  • Conceicao, F.T. and Daniel Marcos Bonotto, D.M., (2006). Radionuclides, heavy metals and fluorine incidence at Tapira phosphate rocks, Brazil, and their industrial (by) products. Environmental Pollution, 139, 232-243.
  • De Miguel, E., Iribarren, I., Chacon, E., Ordonez, A., and Charlesworth, S., (2007). Risk-based evaluation of the exposure of children to trace elements in playgrounds in Madrid (Spain). Chemosphere, 66, 505–513.
  • Demir, N., (2012). www.necatidemir.net/images/demir/bkosem/bileki_pileki.pdf.
  • Demirci, Ş. ve Yalçınkaya, I., (1992). Karain Mağarasından elde dilen bazı toprak ve sediment örneklerinin analizi. Arkeometri sonuçları toplantısı VIII. (291-294), Ankara.
  • Diaz Rizo, O., Echeverria Castillo, F., Arado Lopez, J.O., and Hernandez Merlo, M., (2011). Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Urban Soils of Havana City, Cuba. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 87, 414–419.
  • Dizman, S., (2016). Natural Radioactivity Levels in Pileki Stone and Soil Samples Taken From Pileki Cave in Rize Province. Adıyaman University Journal of Science, 6 (2), 217-232.
  • Fiedler, H.J. and Rösler, H.J., (1988). Spurenelemente in der Umwelt. Stuttgart: Verlag Ferdinand Enke.
  • Ikem, A., Campbell, M., Nyirakahibi, I., and Garth, J., (2008). Baseline concentrations of trace elements in residential soils from Southeastern Missouri. Environ Monit Assess, 140, 69–81.
  • Ishikawa, H., Berman, S., and Yagi, K., (1971). Geochemical study of trace elements in the alkalic rocks of Nemuro Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Geochemical Journal, 5, 187- 206.
  • Javied, S., Mehmood, T., Chaudhry, M.M., Tufail, M., and Irfan, N., (2009). Heavy metal pollution from phosphate rock used for the production of fertilizer in Pakistan. Microchemical Journal 91, 94–99.
  • Kazancı, A. ve Gürbüz, A., (2014). Jeolojik miras nitelikli Türkiye doğal taşları, Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 57(1), 19-44.
  • Korkmaz Görür, F., Keser, R., Akçay, N., S. Dizman, S., (2012). Radioactivity and heavy metal concentrations of some commercial fish species consumed in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Chemosphere, 87, 356–361.
  • Mielke, H.W., Laidlaw, M.A.S., and Gonzales, C., (2010). Lead (Pb) legacy from vehicle traffic in eight California urbanized areas: continuing influence of lead dust on children’s health. Sci Total Environ, 408, 3965–3975.
  • Navas-Acien, A., Guallar, E., Silbergeld, E.K., and Rothenberg, S.J., (2007). Lead exposure and cardiovascular disease a systematic review. Environ Health Perspect, 115(3), 472–482.
  • Nazik, L., Savaş, F., Kahraman, İ., ve Acar, C., (2008). Pikeli mağarası (Taşhane) İyidere-Rize araştırma raporu, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü (MTA) Raporları, 11012.
  • Önal, Ü., (2013). Ekmeğimizi pişirdiğimiz bir araç; pileki. Bizim Ahıska, Kış 2013, 47-48.
  • Pendias, K. and Pendias, H., (2001). Trace elements in soils and plants. Newyork: CRC Press.
  • Qi Liang, Hu Jing and D. Conrad Gregoire. Determination of trace elements in granites by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Talanta 51 (2000) 507–513.
  • Şaroğlu, F., Güner, Y., Nazik, L., ve Aksoy, B., (2010). Pileki mağarası ve jeokültürel değeri, 1. Uluslararası Jeolojik Sempozyumu ve Güneydoğu Avrupa Ülkeleri Pro GEO Toplantısı (34-35), Elazığ.
  • Turkdogan, M.K., Kilicel, F., Kara, K., Tuncer, İ., ve Uygan, İ., (2002). Heavy metals in soil, vegetables and fruits in the endemic upper gastrointestinal cancer region of Turkey. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13,175-179.
  • Tuzen, M., (2003). Determination of heavy metals in soil, mushroom and plant samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchemical Journal, 74, 289–297.
  • Uzun, A. ve Uzun, S., (2001). Taşhaneden aşhaneye taş pilekiler. Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2, 149-168.
  • Yay, O.D., Alagha, O., and Tuncel, G., (2008). Multivariate statistics to investigate metal contamination in surface soil. Environ Manag, 86, 581–594.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Serdar Dizman

Publication Date December 15, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Dizman, S. (2017). EDXRF Spektrometresi Kullanılarak Pileki Mağarası’ndan Çıkarılan Pileki Taşı ve Toprak Örneklerinde İz Elementlerinin Belirlenmesi. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.333055