One of the most important fields of argumentation in modern philosophy is the problematic of the otherness. This problematic, which has exposed different approaches in many disciplines ranging from sociology to political science by overflowing the philosophy, stands as a subject that needs to be dealt with in more detail in today’s world where the global agenda is quite preoccupied by ethnic and sectarian conflicts and the immigration waves that emerge depending on them.Marxist philosophy, which is believed to have declared its defeat since the end of the Cold War and is now regarded only as a “form of interpretation”, has managed to produce a more stirring literature on the otherness than its competitors. The creation of this literature is an intellectual achievement, but it is also true that the ideas put forward here fail to produce a coherent and feasible solution.The aim of this study is to direct criticism towards the building blocks of this philosophy and to present an analysis of it as a starting point of a critical debate about why modern Marxism cannot make up a prescription for the problematic of the otherness. Therefore, in the study, the thinkers and opinions that shaped Marx’s thought, not Marxist philosophy, will be read through the concept of “the other”.