İtfaiyecilerde travmatik stres belirtilerinin belirleyicileri

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 182 - 196, 25.08.2022

Zeynep Sofuoğlu Sinem Cankardaş

https://doi.org/10.5455/kpd.26024438m000067

Abstract

İtfaiyeciler acil durumlarda ilk müdahalede bulunan diğer meslek grupları gibi ruhsal bozukluklar deneyimleme riski yüksek bir gruptur. Yapılan bu çalışmada Türkiye’de çalışan itfaiyecilerde travmatik stres belirtileri ve depresyon riskini araştırmak; ayrıca travmatik stres belirtilerini yordayan olay öncesi ve sırasındaki değişkenleri incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Davranış, Güvenlik ve Kültür-Acil Durum Müdahale Ekibi Formu, Hasta Sağlık Anketi-2 ve Olayların Etkisi Ölçeği kullanılarak araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 35 ilin itfaiye şefliğinde çalışan toplam 468 itfaiyeciden veri toplanmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda itfaiyecilerin yaklaşık yarısının olası travma sonrası stres bozukluğu tanısını karşıladığı, yaklaşık beşte birinin ise depresyon riskine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Olay sırasında deneyimlenen sıkıntı düzeyinin travmatik stres belirti düzeyindeki varyansı en fazla açıklayan değişken olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, itfaiyecilerin psikolojik destek sistemine erişiminin sağlanması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Böylece hem ruhsal sorunların sürmesi hem de yaşam kalitesinin azalmasını önlemek mümkün olabilir.

Keywords

acil müdahale ekibi, itfaiyeciler, depresyon, travma sonrası stres bozuklukları

Determinants of traumatic stress symptoms in firefighters

Abstract

Firefighters are at high risk of experiencing mental disorders like other first responders. Although the studies on the prevalence of mental health problems in firefighters are common in the literature, it is seen that there are limited studies on the causes of these problems. This study aimed to investigate the risk of depression and traumatic stress symptoms among firefighters working in Turkey. In addition, it was aimed to investigate the variables before and during the event that predicted the traumatic stress symptoms. For this purpose, data were collected from the 468 firefighters working in the fire department of 35 provinces that agreed to participate in the study by using the Behavior, Safety, and Culture-First Responders, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, and Impact of Events Scale. It was seen that approximately half of the firefighters met the diagnosis of possible post-traumatic stress disorder, and approximately one fifth had a risk of depression. It was observed that the level of distress experienced during the event was the variable that explained the higher variance in the level of traumatic stress symptoms. Findings indicate that firefighters should have access to the psychological support system. Thus, it may be possible to prevent the continuation of mental problems and decrease in the quality of life.

Keywords

emergency response team, firefighters, depression, posttraumatic stress disorders

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