Çevresel Ar-Ge Harcamalarını Hızlandırmak Karbon Emisyonlarını Azaltır Mı?: Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi Hipotezi Perspektifinde Panel Kantil Regresyon Kanıtları

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1995 ve 2018 yıllarını içeren seçilmiş 30 OECD ülkesi için ekonomik büyüme, enerji kullanımı, yenilenebilir enerji kullanımı ve çevresel araştırma geliştirme (Ar-Ge) harcamalarının CO2 emisyonları dağılımları üzerindeki etkilerini, Koenker (2004) tarafından geliştirilen panel kantil regresyon yöntemi ile tahmin etmektir. Bulgular, Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (ÇKE) hipotezinin geçerli olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. İlave olarak, yenilenebilir enerji kullanımının ve çevresel Ar-Ge harcamalarının CO2 emisyonlarını azalttığını, enerji kullanımının ise CO2 emisyonlarını artırdığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, kantil katsayılarının sağlamlığı Gaussian sabit etki ve Bayesian sabit etki regresyon yöntemleri kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Böylece, çevresel Ar-Ge harcamalarını artırmaya yönelik politikaların geliştirilmesinin çevresel sürdürülebilirlik açısından önemli bir bileşen olduğu saptanmıştır.

Keywords

• Çevresel Ar-Ge Harcamaları
• Panel Kantil Regresyon
• Enerji kullanımı
• ÇKE

Does Accelerating Environmental R&D Spending Reduce Carbon Emissions?: Evidence for Panel Quantile Regression in the Perspective of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effects of economic growth, energy use, renewable energy use, and environmental research and development (R&D) expenditures on CO2 emissions distributions for 30 selected OECD countries covering the years 1995 and 2018, using the panel quantile regression method developed by Koenker (2004). The findings revealed that the Environmental Kuznets Curve (ÇKE) hypothesis is valid. In addition, it shows that renewable energy use and environmental R&D expenditures reduce CO2 emissions, while energy use increases CO2 emissions. In addition, the robustness of the quantile coefficients was tested using Gaussian fixed-effect and Bayesian fixed-effects regression methods. Thus, it has been determined that the development of policies to increase environmental R&D expenditures is an important component in terms of environmental sustainability.

Keywords

• Environmental R&D Expenditures
• ÇKE
• Panel Quantile Regression
• Energy use

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