Neuromyelitis Optica and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders : Report of Nine Cases

Year 2016, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 17 - 22, 24.03.2018

Fatma Kurtuluş Aylin Yaman Burcu Yüksel Yasemin Biçer Gömceli

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to report our nine
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) and NMO Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) cases which have
different presentations. 

 

Patients and Methods: In this observational
retrospective study, conducted between September 2011 and September 2015 in Antalya Education
and Research Hospital Neurology Department, we enrolled 9 patients who were
diagnosed as NMO/NMOSD.

 

Results: We had 9 patients (8 female,
1 male). The mean age at onset was 49 years (36-67). While 7 patients were
diagnosed with NMO, 2 patients’ diagnoses were NMOSD. The Case 6 was admitted
to our clinic with an LETM (longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis)
attack after 4 months of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment for
gallbladder adenocancer. The Case 8 experienced LETM after the diagnosis of
pulmonary tuberculosis and under anti-tuberculosis treatment, and the Case 9
was presented with LETM after post-vaccination. Optic nerve and spinal cord
involvement occurred simultaneously in three patients. In three cases, optic
neuritis developed 4 months, 15 months and 5 years after the myelitis attack. The
Case 7 was referred to the hospital owing to cranial involvement, following a
history of optic neuritis attacks six months earlier.  The Case 1 had three recurrent optic neuritis
attacks before the last attack of admission which included brain stem involvement
and LETM. The Case 4 was receiving low dose interferone beta-1a with diagnosis
of MS. NMO-IgG seropositivity was detected in 6 patients.

 

Conclusion: Most of our patients were
female and have relapsing course. Patients who experienced relapses, mostly
were seropositive for NMO- IgG.

 

Keywords

Neuromyelitis optica, Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

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