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Caregiver Burden And Influencing Factors In Chronic Neurologic Disorders

Year 2017, Volume: 9 Issue: 5, 27 - 32, 28.09.2017

Abstract

Abstract

Following improvements in medical sciences, survival times has been prolonged inchronic diseases and life expectancy durations has increased. These progresses increased the number of people dealing with chronic diseases and the number of older people. Caregiver burden is described as the duration needed to supply the demands of patient, physical constraints caused by diseases, and difficulties related to economical costs.Caregiving burden has increased markedly in physical restrictions and also in chronicneurologic diseases that need medical care like cerebrovascular evidents, Parkinson disease, Alzheimers type dementia. Personal factors such as caregivers age, gender, educational status, duration of caregiving influence the caregiving burden, as well as cultural and social structure of the society, differences of the medical systems. In order toalleviate the caregiver burden of the relatives, both official and social support opportinities must be increased. In this article, we compiled the researches about caregiver burden in chronic neurologic diseases, and aimed at putting forth influencing factors andsolution proposals.

References

  • Kaynaklar 1. Sosyal Sektörler ve Koordinasyon Genel Müdürlüğü. Tür-kiye’de Yaşlıların Durumu ve Yaşlanma Ulusal EylemPlanı. Ankara, Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı, 2007. 2. Small GW, Gunay I. Geriatric Medicine. In Textbook ofConsultation-Liaison Psychiatry: Psychiatry in MedicallyIll, 2nd ed. (Eds JR Rundel, MG Wise):878-899. Was-hington, American Psychiatric Press, 2005. 3. Yüksel G, Varlıbaş F, Karlıkaya G, Şıpka Y, Tireli H.Parkinson Hastalığında bakıcı yükü. Parkinson Hasta-lığı Hareket Bozuklukları Dergisi 2007; 10:26-34. 4. Güngen C, Ertan T, Eker E. Standardize mini mental tes-tin Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlik vegüvenilirliği. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2002; 13:273-281. 5. Şahin EM, Yalçın BM. Huzurevinde veya kendi evlerin-de yaşayan yaşlılarda depresyon sıklıklarının karşılaş-tırılması. Geriatri-Turkish Journal of Geriatrics 2003;6: 1013 6. Dunkin JJ, Anderson-Hanley C. Dementia caregiver bur-den: a review of the literature and guidelines for assess-ment and intervention. Neurology 1998; 51: 53-60. 7. Atagün MI,Balaban ÖD, Atagün Z,Elagöz M,ÖzpolatAY.Kronik hastalıklarda bakım veren yükü. Psikiatridegüncel yaklaşımlar- Current approachs in pscyhiatry2011;3(3): 513-552. 8. Larsen LS. Effectiveness of a counseling intervention toassist family caregivers of chronically ill relatives. JPsychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 1998; 36: 26-32. 9. Yılmaz A, Turan E, Gundogar D. Predictors of burno-ut in the family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease: evi-dence from Turkey. Australas J Ageing 2009; 28: 16-21. 10.Yaffe K, Fox P, Newcomer R, Sands L, Lindquist K, DaneK et al. Patient and caregiver characteristics and nur-sing home placement in patients with dementia. JAMA2002; 287:2090-2097. 11. Koca E, Taşkapılıoğlu Ö, Bakar M. Alzheimer Hasta-lığı’nda evrelere göre hastaya bakım veren kişilerin yükü.Arch Neuropsychiatry 2017;54: 82-6. 12. Montgomery JRJ, Gonyea JG, Hooyman NR. Caregi-ving and the experience of subjective and objective bur-den. Fam Relat 1985; 34: 19-26. 13. Wicks MN, Milstead EJ, Hathaway DK, Cetingok M. Sub-jective burden and quality of life in family caregivers ofpatients with end stage renal disease. ANNA J 1997; 24:531-538. 14. Sisk RJ. Caregiver burden and health promotion. Int JNurs Stud 2000; 37: 37-43. 15. Bedard M, Koivuranta A, Stuckey A. Health impact oncaregivers of providing informal care to cognitively ım-paired older adult: rural versus urban settings. Can JRural Med 2004; 9: 15-23. 16.Nabors N, Seacat J. Rosenthal Predictors of caregiverburden following traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj2002; 16: 1039-1050. 17. Asada T, Motonaga T, Kinoshita T. Predictors of severityof behavioral disturbance among community-dwelling el-derly individuals with Alzheimer's disease: a 6-year fol-low-up study Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000; 54:673-677. 18. Kim Y, Baker F, Spillers RL. Cancer caregivers' qua-lity of life: effects of gender, relationship, and apprai-sal. J Pain Symptom Manage 2007; 34: 294-304. 19. Ulstein, I., Wyller, T. B. Ve Engedal, K. (2007). Highscore on the Relative Stress Scale, a marker of possib-le psychiatric disorder in family carers of patients withdementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,22, 195–202 20. Cuijpers, P. (2005). Depressive disorders in caregiversof dementia patients: A systematic review.Aging and Men-tal Health, 9 (4), 325-330. 21. Harwood DG, Barker WW, Ownby RL, Bravo M, Ague-ro H, Duara R. Predictors of positive and negative app-raisal among Cuban American caregivers of Alzheimer’sdisease patients. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000; 15:481-487. 22. Rose-Rego SK, Strauss ME, Smyth KA. Differences inthe perceived well-being of wives and husbands caringfor persons with Alzheimer’s disease. Gerontologist 1998;38: 224-230. 23. Allen SM, Goldscheider F, Ciambrone DA. Gender ro-les, marital intimacy, and nomination of spouse as pri-mary caregiver. Gerontologist 1999; 39: 150-158 24. Ünsal, P. (1998). Bir iş ortamında algılanan sosyal des-teğin işlevlerine, kaynaklarına, cinsiyet ve mesleğegöre incelenişi. G. Okman Fişek (Ed.) 9. Ulusal Psiko-loji Kongresi: Bilimsel Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sos-yal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2012, 3. 25. Waite, A., Bebington, P., Skelton-Robinson, M. ve Or-rell, M. (2004). Social factors and deppression in carersof people with dementia. International Journal of Geri-atric Psychiatry, 19, 582-587. 26.Sink, K. M., Covinsky, K. E., Barnes, D. E., Newcomer,R. J. ve Yaffe, K. (2006). Caregiver Characteristics AreAssociated with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Demen-tia. Journal of American Geriatric Society, 54(5),796–803. 27. Crespo, M., Lopez, J. ve Zarit, S. H. (2005). Depressi-on and anxiety in primary caregivers: acomparativestudy of caregivers of demented and nondemented olderpersons. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,20, 591–592. 28. Roick C, Heider D, Toumi M, Angermeyer MC.(2006). The impact of caregivers characteristics, pati-ents conditions and regional differences on family bur-den in schizophrenia: a longitudinal analysis. Objecti-ve: Impact of caregiver characteristics, patient variab-les, and regional differences on family burden. ActaPsychiatrica Scandinavica, 114, 363–374. 29. Ergh, T. C., Hanks, R. A., Rapport, L. J. ve Coleman,R. D. (2003). Social support moderates caregiver lifesatisfaction following traumatic brain injury. Journal ofClinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25 (8),1090-1101 30. Kitrungrote, L. ve Cohen, M. Z. (2006). Quality of Lifeof Family Caregivers of Patients With Cancer: A Lite-rature Review. Oncology Nursing Forum, 33 (3), 625-632. 31. Van Wijngaarden B, Schene A, Koeter M, Becker T,Knapp M, Knudsen HC et al. People with schizophre-nia in five countries: Conceptual similarities and inter-cultural differences in family caregiving. Schizophr Bull2003; 29: 573-586. 32. Roick C, Heider D, Bebbington PE, Angermeyer MC,Azorin JM, Brugha TS et al. Burden on caregivers of pe-ople with schizophrenia: comparison between Ger-many and Britain. Br J Psychiatry 2007; 190:333-338. 33. Stoltz, P., Uden, G. ve Willman, A. (2004). Support forfamily carers who care for an elderly person at homea systematic literature review. Scandinavian Journal ofCaring Sciences, 18, 111-119 34. Okyayuz, Ü. H. (1999). Kanser hastası ile iletişim. Ü.H. Okyayuz (Ed.). Sağlık Psikolojisi Giriş.Ankara: TürkPsikologlar Derneği yayını 35. Biegel DE, Millligan SE, Putham PL, Song L. Predic-tors of burden among lower socioeconomic status care-givers of persons with chronic mental illness. Commu-nity Ment Health J 1994; 30: 473-494. 36. Yılmaz A, Turan E. Alzheimer hastalarına bakım veren-lerde tükenmişlik, tükenmişliğe neden olan faktörler vebaş etme yolları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2007; 27:445-454. 37. Brodaty H. Alzheimer Hastalığında İlaç Tedavisi ve Ai-leler. Alzheimer Hastalığının Farmakoterapisi. Ankara,Yelkovan Yayıncılık, 2000. 38. Grafström M, Winblad B. Family burden in the care ofthe demented and nondemented elderly -a longitudinalstudy. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 1995; 9: 7886. 39. Cifu, D. X., Carne, W., Brown, R., Pegg, P., Ong, J.,Qutubuddin, A. ve Baron, M. S. (2006).Caregiver dis-tress in parkinsonism, Journal of Rehabilitation Rese-arch & Development, 43 (4), 499-508. 40. Ankri, J., Andrieu, S., Beaufils, B., Grand. A. ve Hen-rard, J. C. Beyond the global score of the Zarit BurdenInterview: Useful dimensions for clinicians. Internatio-nal Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2005; 20: 254–260. 41. Yılmaz A, Turan E. Alzheimer hastalarının yakınların-da bakımevi tercihini belirleyen faktörler. Kriz Dergisi2008; 16 (2):11-24. 42. Lökk J. Caregiver strain in Parkinson’s disease and theimpact of disease duration. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2008;44: 39-45. 43. Torun Ş, Uysal M, Gücüyener D, Özdemir G. Parkinson’sdisease in Eskişehir, Turkey. Eur J Neurol 1995; 2(suppl1): 44-45. 44. Morimoto T, Schreiner AS, Asano H. Caregiver burdenand health-related quality of life among Japanese stro-ke caregivers. Age Ageing 2003; 32: 218-223. 45. Kutluk K. İskemik İnme; Yozbatıran N. Rehabilitasyon,Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, İstanbul, 2004; 237-52. 46. Ell K. Social networks, social support and copingwithserious ılness: the family connection. Soc Sci Med1996; 42: 173-183. 47.Tau A, Andreoli SB, Bertolucci PH. Dementia caregi-ver burden: reliability of the Brazilian version of the Za-rit caregiver burden interview. Cad Saude Publica 2004;20: 372-376. 48.Billig N. Growing Older & Wiser: Coping with Expec-tations, Challenges, and Change in the Later Years. Lan-ham, Lexington Books, 1998. 49.Ken K, Okuno J, Fukasaku T, Tomura S, Yanagi H. Fac-tors affecting burden of caregivers for the elderly of HanChinese and the Korean minority living in a communityin northeast China. Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2010; 57:816-824. 50.Brodaty H. Alzheimer Hastalığında İlaç Tedavisi ve Ai-leler. Alzheimer Hastalığının Farmakoterapisi. Ankara,Yelkovan Yayıncılık, 2000. 51.Rosen MG, Dickinson JC. The incidence of cerebralpalsy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 167: 417-423. 52.Angold A, Messer SC, Stangl D, Farmer EMZ, Costel-lo EJ, Burns BJ. Perceived parental burden and servi-ce use for child and adolescent psychiatric disorders. AmJ Public Health 1998; 88: 75-80. 53.Alegriá M, Canino G, Lai S, Ramirez RR, Chavez L, RuschD et al. Understanding caregivers’ help-seeking for la-tino children’s mental health care use. Med Care 2004;42: 447-455. 54.Parke W. The Spine, 3rd ed. (Ed R Siemon):35-89. Phi-ladelphia, WB Saunders Company, 1992. 55.Oğuz H, Dursun E, Dursun N. Tıbbi Rehabilitasyon. 2.Baskı. İstanbul, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, 2004. 56.Han B, Haley WE. Family caregiving for patients withstroke: Review and analysis. Stroke 1999; 30: 1478-1485. 57.Jones DAS, Peters TJ. Caring for elderly dependents: Ef-fects on the carer's quality of life. Age Ageing 1992; 21:421-428. 58.Northouse L, Swain C. Adjustment of patients and husbandsto the initial impact of breast cancer. Nurs Res 1987; 36:221-225. 59.Rivera P, Elliott TR, Berry JW, Shewchuk RM, OswaldKD, Grant J. Family caregivers of women with physi-cal disabilities. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2006; 13:425-434. 60.Larsen LS. Effectiveness of a counseling intervention toassist family caregivers of chronically ill relatives. JPsychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 1998; 36: 26-32

Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Year 2017, Volume: 9 Issue: 5, 27 - 32, 28.09.2017

Abstract

Öz

Tıp alanındaki gelişmelere paralel olarak kronik hastalıkların sağ kalım süreleri artmış, beklenen yaşam süreleri uzamıştır. Bu gelişmeler yaşlı ve kronik hastalıklarla mücadele eden birey sayısının artması sonucunu doğurmaktadır. Bakım veren yükü, hastanın gereksinimlerini karşılamak için harcanan zaman, hastalığın neden olduğu fizik-sel kısıtlılıklar, ekonomik sıkıntılar ile ilgili olarak karşılaşılan güçlüğün derecesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bakım vermenin getireceği yük, fiziksel kısıtlılık ile birlikte tıb-bi bakımın da gerekli olduğu inme, Parkinson Hastalığı, Alzheimer tipi demans başta olmak üzere kronik nörolojik hastalıklarda belirgin olarak artmıştır. Bakım verenin yaşı,cinsiyeti, eğitim durumu, bakım verme süresi gibi kişisel faktörlerin yanı sıra yaşanılantoplumun kültürel, sosyal yapılanmaları, sağlık sistemlerindeki farklılıklar bakım yüküüzerinde etkilidir. Yakınlarına bakım verenlerin yüklerinin azaltılması için hem kamusal hem sosyal destek olanaklarının arttırılması gereklidir. Bu yazıda kronik nörolojikhastalıklarda bakım veren yükü araştırmaları derlenmiş, etkileyen faktörlerin tespiti ileçözüm önerilerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.

References

  • Kaynaklar 1. Sosyal Sektörler ve Koordinasyon Genel Müdürlüğü. Tür-kiye’de Yaşlıların Durumu ve Yaşlanma Ulusal EylemPlanı. Ankara, Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı, 2007. 2. Small GW, Gunay I. Geriatric Medicine. In Textbook ofConsultation-Liaison Psychiatry: Psychiatry in MedicallyIll, 2nd ed. (Eds JR Rundel, MG Wise):878-899. Was-hington, American Psychiatric Press, 2005. 3. Yüksel G, Varlıbaş F, Karlıkaya G, Şıpka Y, Tireli H.Parkinson Hastalığında bakıcı yükü. Parkinson Hasta-lığı Hareket Bozuklukları Dergisi 2007; 10:26-34. 4. Güngen C, Ertan T, Eker E. Standardize mini mental tes-tin Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlik vegüvenilirliği. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2002; 13:273-281. 5. Şahin EM, Yalçın BM. Huzurevinde veya kendi evlerin-de yaşayan yaşlılarda depresyon sıklıklarının karşılaş-tırılması. Geriatri-Turkish Journal of Geriatrics 2003;6: 1013 6. Dunkin JJ, Anderson-Hanley C. Dementia caregiver bur-den: a review of the literature and guidelines for assess-ment and intervention. Neurology 1998; 51: 53-60. 7. Atagün MI,Balaban ÖD, Atagün Z,Elagöz M,ÖzpolatAY.Kronik hastalıklarda bakım veren yükü. Psikiatridegüncel yaklaşımlar- Current approachs in pscyhiatry2011;3(3): 513-552. 8. Larsen LS. Effectiveness of a counseling intervention toassist family caregivers of chronically ill relatives. JPsychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 1998; 36: 26-32. 9. Yılmaz A, Turan E, Gundogar D. Predictors of burno-ut in the family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease: evi-dence from Turkey. Australas J Ageing 2009; 28: 16-21. 10.Yaffe K, Fox P, Newcomer R, Sands L, Lindquist K, DaneK et al. Patient and caregiver characteristics and nur-sing home placement in patients with dementia. JAMA2002; 287:2090-2097. 11. Koca E, Taşkapılıoğlu Ö, Bakar M. Alzheimer Hasta-lığı’nda evrelere göre hastaya bakım veren kişilerin yükü.Arch Neuropsychiatry 2017;54: 82-6. 12. Montgomery JRJ, Gonyea JG, Hooyman NR. Caregi-ving and the experience of subjective and objective bur-den. Fam Relat 1985; 34: 19-26. 13. Wicks MN, Milstead EJ, Hathaway DK, Cetingok M. Sub-jective burden and quality of life in family caregivers ofpatients with end stage renal disease. ANNA J 1997; 24:531-538. 14. Sisk RJ. Caregiver burden and health promotion. Int JNurs Stud 2000; 37: 37-43. 15. Bedard M, Koivuranta A, Stuckey A. Health impact oncaregivers of providing informal care to cognitively ım-paired older adult: rural versus urban settings. Can JRural Med 2004; 9: 15-23. 16.Nabors N, Seacat J. Rosenthal Predictors of caregiverburden following traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj2002; 16: 1039-1050. 17. Asada T, Motonaga T, Kinoshita T. Predictors of severityof behavioral disturbance among community-dwelling el-derly individuals with Alzheimer's disease: a 6-year fol-low-up study Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000; 54:673-677. 18. Kim Y, Baker F, Spillers RL. Cancer caregivers' qua-lity of life: effects of gender, relationship, and apprai-sal. J Pain Symptom Manage 2007; 34: 294-304. 19. Ulstein, I., Wyller, T. B. Ve Engedal, K. (2007). Highscore on the Relative Stress Scale, a marker of possib-le psychiatric disorder in family carers of patients withdementia. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,22, 195–202 20. Cuijpers, P. (2005). Depressive disorders in caregiversof dementia patients: A systematic review.Aging and Men-tal Health, 9 (4), 325-330. 21. Harwood DG, Barker WW, Ownby RL, Bravo M, Ague-ro H, Duara R. Predictors of positive and negative app-raisal among Cuban American caregivers of Alzheimer’sdisease patients. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000; 15:481-487. 22. Rose-Rego SK, Strauss ME, Smyth KA. Differences inthe perceived well-being of wives and husbands caringfor persons with Alzheimer’s disease. Gerontologist 1998;38: 224-230. 23. Allen SM, Goldscheider F, Ciambrone DA. Gender ro-les, marital intimacy, and nomination of spouse as pri-mary caregiver. Gerontologist 1999; 39: 150-158 24. Ünsal, P. (1998). Bir iş ortamında algılanan sosyal des-teğin işlevlerine, kaynaklarına, cinsiyet ve mesleğegöre incelenişi. G. Okman Fişek (Ed.) 9. Ulusal Psiko-loji Kongresi: Bilimsel Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sos-yal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2012, 3. 25. Waite, A., Bebington, P., Skelton-Robinson, M. ve Or-rell, M. (2004). Social factors and deppression in carersof people with dementia. International Journal of Geri-atric Psychiatry, 19, 582-587. 26.Sink, K. M., Covinsky, K. E., Barnes, D. E., Newcomer,R. J. ve Yaffe, K. (2006). Caregiver Characteristics AreAssociated with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Demen-tia. Journal of American Geriatric Society, 54(5),796–803. 27. Crespo, M., Lopez, J. ve Zarit, S. H. (2005). Depressi-on and anxiety in primary caregivers: acomparativestudy of caregivers of demented and nondemented olderpersons. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,20, 591–592. 28. Roick C, Heider D, Toumi M, Angermeyer MC.(2006). The impact of caregivers characteristics, pati-ents conditions and regional differences on family bur-den in schizophrenia: a longitudinal analysis. Objecti-ve: Impact of caregiver characteristics, patient variab-les, and regional differences on family burden. ActaPsychiatrica Scandinavica, 114, 363–374. 29. Ergh, T. C., Hanks, R. A., Rapport, L. J. ve Coleman,R. D. (2003). Social support moderates caregiver lifesatisfaction following traumatic brain injury. Journal ofClinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25 (8),1090-1101 30. Kitrungrote, L. ve Cohen, M. Z. (2006). Quality of Lifeof Family Caregivers of Patients With Cancer: A Lite-rature Review. Oncology Nursing Forum, 33 (3), 625-632. 31. Van Wijngaarden B, Schene A, Koeter M, Becker T,Knapp M, Knudsen HC et al. People with schizophre-nia in five countries: Conceptual similarities and inter-cultural differences in family caregiving. Schizophr Bull2003; 29: 573-586. 32. Roick C, Heider D, Bebbington PE, Angermeyer MC,Azorin JM, Brugha TS et al. Burden on caregivers of pe-ople with schizophrenia: comparison between Ger-many and Britain. Br J Psychiatry 2007; 190:333-338. 33. Stoltz, P., Uden, G. ve Willman, A. (2004). Support forfamily carers who care for an elderly person at homea systematic literature review. Scandinavian Journal ofCaring Sciences, 18, 111-119 34. Okyayuz, Ü. H. (1999). Kanser hastası ile iletişim. Ü.H. Okyayuz (Ed.). Sağlık Psikolojisi Giriş.Ankara: TürkPsikologlar Derneği yayını 35. Biegel DE, Millligan SE, Putham PL, Song L. Predic-tors of burden among lower socioeconomic status care-givers of persons with chronic mental illness. Commu-nity Ment Health J 1994; 30: 473-494. 36. Yılmaz A, Turan E. Alzheimer hastalarına bakım veren-lerde tükenmişlik, tükenmişliğe neden olan faktörler vebaş etme yolları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2007; 27:445-454. 37. Brodaty H. Alzheimer Hastalığında İlaç Tedavisi ve Ai-leler. Alzheimer Hastalığının Farmakoterapisi. Ankara,Yelkovan Yayıncılık, 2000. 38. Grafström M, Winblad B. Family burden in the care ofthe demented and nondemented elderly -a longitudinalstudy. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 1995; 9: 7886. 39. Cifu, D. X., Carne, W., Brown, R., Pegg, P., Ong, J.,Qutubuddin, A. ve Baron, M. S. (2006).Caregiver dis-tress in parkinsonism, Journal of Rehabilitation Rese-arch & Development, 43 (4), 499-508. 40. Ankri, J., Andrieu, S., Beaufils, B., Grand. A. ve Hen-rard, J. C. Beyond the global score of the Zarit BurdenInterview: Useful dimensions for clinicians. Internatio-nal Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2005; 20: 254–260. 41. Yılmaz A, Turan E. Alzheimer hastalarının yakınların-da bakımevi tercihini belirleyen faktörler. Kriz Dergisi2008; 16 (2):11-24. 42. Lökk J. Caregiver strain in Parkinson’s disease and theimpact of disease duration. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2008;44: 39-45. 43. Torun Ş, Uysal M, Gücüyener D, Özdemir G. Parkinson’sdisease in Eskişehir, Turkey. Eur J Neurol 1995; 2(suppl1): 44-45. 44. Morimoto T, Schreiner AS, Asano H. Caregiver burdenand health-related quality of life among Japanese stro-ke caregivers. Age Ageing 2003; 32: 218-223. 45. Kutluk K. İskemik İnme; Yozbatıran N. Rehabilitasyon,Nobel Tıp Kitabevi, İstanbul, 2004; 237-52. 46. Ell K. Social networks, social support and copingwithserious ılness: the family connection. Soc Sci Med1996; 42: 173-183. 47.Tau A, Andreoli SB, Bertolucci PH. Dementia caregi-ver burden: reliability of the Brazilian version of the Za-rit caregiver burden interview. Cad Saude Publica 2004;20: 372-376. 48.Billig N. Growing Older & Wiser: Coping with Expec-tations, Challenges, and Change in the Later Years. Lan-ham, Lexington Books, 1998. 49.Ken K, Okuno J, Fukasaku T, Tomura S, Yanagi H. Fac-tors affecting burden of caregivers for the elderly of HanChinese and the Korean minority living in a communityin northeast China. Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2010; 57:816-824. 50.Brodaty H. Alzheimer Hastalığında İlaç Tedavisi ve Ai-leler. Alzheimer Hastalığının Farmakoterapisi. Ankara,Yelkovan Yayıncılık, 2000. 51.Rosen MG, Dickinson JC. The incidence of cerebralpalsy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992; 167: 417-423. 52.Angold A, Messer SC, Stangl D, Farmer EMZ, Costel-lo EJ, Burns BJ. Perceived parental burden and servi-ce use for child and adolescent psychiatric disorders. AmJ Public Health 1998; 88: 75-80. 53.Alegriá M, Canino G, Lai S, Ramirez RR, Chavez L, RuschD et al. Understanding caregivers’ help-seeking for la-tino children’s mental health care use. Med Care 2004;42: 447-455. 54.Parke W. The Spine, 3rd ed. (Ed R Siemon):35-89. Phi-ladelphia, WB Saunders Company, 1992. 55.Oğuz H, Dursun E, Dursun N. Tıbbi Rehabilitasyon. 2.Baskı. İstanbul, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, 2004. 56.Han B, Haley WE. Family caregiving for patients withstroke: Review and analysis. Stroke 1999; 30: 1478-1485. 57.Jones DAS, Peters TJ. Caring for elderly dependents: Ef-fects on the carer's quality of life. Age Ageing 1992; 21:421-428. 58.Northouse L, Swain C. Adjustment of patients and husbandsto the initial impact of breast cancer. Nurs Res 1987; 36:221-225. 59.Rivera P, Elliott TR, Berry JW, Shewchuk RM, OswaldKD, Grant J. Family caregivers of women with physi-cal disabilities. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2006; 13:425-434. 60.Larsen LS. Effectiveness of a counseling intervention toassist family caregivers of chronically ill relatives. JPsychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 1998; 36: 26-32
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Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section makaleler
Authors

Hülya Olgun Yazar

Publication Date September 28, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 9 Issue: 5

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APA Olgun Yazar, H. (2017). Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği, 9(5), 27-32.
AMA Olgun Yazar H. Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler. Aile Hekimliği. September 2017;9(5):27-32.
Chicago Olgun Yazar, Hülya. “Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler”. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği 9, no. 5 (September 2017): 27-32.
EndNote Olgun Yazar H (September 1, 2017) Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği 9 5 27–32.
IEEE H. Olgun Yazar, “Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler”, Aile Hekimliği, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 27–32, 2017.
ISNAD Olgun Yazar, Hülya. “Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler”. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği 9/5 (September 2017), 27-32.
JAMA Olgun Yazar H. Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler. Aile Hekimliği. 2017;9:27–32.
MLA Olgun Yazar, Hülya. “Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler”. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği, vol. 9, no. 5, 2017, pp. 27-32.
Vancouver Olgun Yazar H. Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıklarda BakımVeren Yükü Ve Etkileyen Faktörler. Aile Hekimliği. 2017;9(5):27-32.