Çocuklarda Covıd-19 Enfeksiyonu

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 77 - 86, 01.05.2020

Bilge Sönmez

Abstract

Koronavirüs 2019 hastalığı (COVID-19) etkeni olan SARSCoV-2 yüksek düzeyde
enfeksiyöz bir patojen olup, insandan insana direk temas yoluyla bulaşmaktadır. Tüm yaş
grupları virüse duyarlıdır. 2019 yılı Aralık ayında Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin Wuhan Eyaletinde
ortaya çıkmış, insandan insana hızla yayılarak global bir pandemiye dönüşmüştür.
COVID-19 çocuklarda daha az sıklıkta görülür. Hastalığın prognozu erişkin vakalara
göre daha iyi , mortalitesi düşüktür. Toplumdaki viral bulaştırıcılıkta çoğu asemptomatik
olan çocuk vakalar önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Çocuklarda bulaşın en yaygın
nedeni aile içi temastır. COVID-19 klinik olarak çocuklarda genellikle asemptomatik olmakla
beraber ateş, halsizlik, kuru öksürük, boğaz ağrısı, burun akıntısı, burun tıkanıklığı
gibi üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu bulguları şeklinde de görülebilir. Eşlik eden kronik
hastalıklar ve immün yetmezlik varlığında hastalık ağır seyredebilmektedir. Çocukların
fiziksel, bilişsel, sosyal ve dil gelişimlerini henüz tamamlanmamış olmaları ve ebeveynlerin
bu süreçte yaşadıklarını çocuklarına yansıtmış olmaları nedenleriyle pandemi
sürecinde erişkinlerden daha fazla zarar görme ihtimalleri vardır. Bu nedenle çocuklar;
ileriki gelişim süreçlerinde yaşayabilecekleri olumsuzlukların engellenmesi adına
bu dönemde psikolojik destek sunulması gereken özel yaş grubudur.

Keywords

COVİD-19, çocuk, koronavirüs enfeksiyonları

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