Investigation of Pneumococcus, Influenza, Covid-19 Vaccination Rates and Affecting Factors in Patients aged 65 and over

Year 2024, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 174 - 180, 30.06.2024

Aslıhan Çelik Dönmez , Eda Çelik Güzel , Birol Topçu

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1361094

Abstract

Objective: This study was planned to determine the vaccination rates and related factors with Pneumococcal, Influenza and Covid-19 vaccines in adults aged 65 and over who applied to the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic.
Methods: The sample of the descriptive study consisted of 200 volunteer adult patients aged 65 and over who applied to the Family Medicine outpatient clinic between May and October 2021. The data were collected by applying a face-to-face interview with descriptive features.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 71.21±5.97 years. Influenza vaccination rate of all participants in the last 1 year was 24.50%, Pneumococcal vaccination rate in the last 5 years was 42%, and Covid-19 vaccination rate was 86%. In our study, having a chronic disease was the factor that increased the rate of influenza vaccination, it was determined that the factor determining the pneumococcal vaccination rate was affected by the habit of going to the family doctor regularly (p<0.05). Individuals who did not receive the Covid-19 vaccine stated that they did not have the vaccine because they were afraid of the side effects of the vaccine and did not find the vaccine safe.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that adult vaccination rates are low and they do not have enough information about their vaccinations. Health professionals, especially family physicians, have important duties to determine the factors affecting the level of knowledge about immunization in adults, to increase awareness and to make preventive medicine reach more people.

Keywords

COVID-19, Pneumococ, Influenza

65 Yaş ve Üzeri Hastalarda Pnömokok, Grip, Covid-19 Aşılama Oranları ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri erişkinlerin Pnömokok, İnfluenza ve Covid-19 aşıları ile aşılanma oranları ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla planlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak yapılan araştırmanın örneklemini Mayıs -Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında Aile Hekimliği polikliniğine başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri 200 gönüllü erişkin hasta oluşturdu. Veriler tanıtıcı özellikleri içeren anket yüz yüze görüşme şeklinde uygulanarak toplandı.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 71.21±5.97 yıldı. Tüm katılımcıların son 1 yıl içinde İnfluenza aşılanma oranı %24,50, son 5 yıl içinde Pnömokok aşılanma oranı%42, Covid-19 aşılanma oranı %86 olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda kronik hastalığa sahip olmanın influenza aşılanma oranını arttıran faktör olduğu, Pnömokok aşılanma oranını belirleyen faktörün ise düzenli aile hekimine gitme alışkanlığından etkilendiği belirlenmiştir(p<0.05). Covid-19 aşısı yaptırmayan bireyler ise aşının yan etkilerinden korktuğu ve aşıyı güvenli bulmadıkları için yaptırmadıklarını ifade etmiştir.
Sonuç: Çalışmamız erişkin aşılanma oranlarının düşük olduğunu ve aşıları hakkında yeterli düzeyde bilgi sahibi olmadıklarını ortaya koymuştur. Erişkinlerde bağışıklama ile ilgili bilgi düzeyini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi, farkındalığı arttırmak ve koruyucu hekimliğin daha çok kişiye ulaşabilmesi için sağlık profesyonellerine özellikle aile hekimlerine önemli görevler düşmektedir.

Keywords

COVID-19, Pnömokok, İnfluenza

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