Masumların Savaşı ve Gücün Zaferi: Birinci Dünya Savaşı ve Theatre Workshop’un "Oh What A Lovely War"u

Year 2020, Issue: 6, 16 - 27, 15.09.2020

Tuncer Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.761567

Abstract

Tarihin en önemli mihenk taşlarından biri olarak kabul edilen Birinci Dünya Savaşı yeni bir çağ açmış ve ülkelerin haritalarını yeniden şekillendirmiştir. Savaş, kapitalistlerin elinde bir maşa olan bastırılmış bir sınıfın ölümlerine, acılarına, katliamlarına, üzüntülerine ve gözyaşlarına sebep olurken, yöneten sınıf her daim cephe hattından ve siperlerden uzakta güvende olmuşlardır. Sınıflar arasındaki bu ayrım, Britanya’daki tiyatro geleneklerine yeni bir akım ve yaklaşım kazandıran Joan Littlewood ve Tiyatro Atölyesi’nin başyapıtı Oh What a Lovely War’un temel konusunu oluşturmuştur. Eser, yöneten sınıfın savaşın gerçeklerine olan uzaklığını resmederken; Brechtçi sahneleme tekniklerinin faydalarını kullanmakta oldukça ustalık sergilemiştir. İngiltere Hükümeti’nin sansürüne rağmen, Tiyatro Atölyesi büyük bir başarıya imza atmış ve Batı Yakası’nda (Londra) ve Broadway’de sahnelenmiş; dahası, çok farklı saygın ödüller kazanmıştır. Bu çalışma, Birinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında askerler ve subaylar arasındaki sınıf çatışmasına, savaştaki vahşete, savaşın ekonomik ve siyasi boyutlarına ve Joan Littlewood’un bu sorunlara yaklaşımına Tiyatro Atölyesi’nin Oh What a Lovely War eseri bağlamında odaklanmaktadır.

Keywords

Oh What a Lovely War, Joan Littlewood, Theatre Workshop, Birinci Dünya Savaşı, Sınıf Çatışması

The War of the Innocent and the Victory of the Power: The Great War and "Oh What a Lovely War" by Theatre Workshop

Abstract

The First World War, which many consider to be the most significant milestone in the history of humanity, ushered in a new age and shaped the borders of many brand-new countries. Not only in England but also in many other parts of the world, the war is remembered for its destruction of an oppressed class at the hands of distant yet controlling capitalists. This distinction between the classes constituted the basic theme of the masterpiece by Joan Littlewood and Theatre Workshop; Oh What a Lovely War, which ran a new movement and a new approach to the theatre traditions in Britain. The work was incredibly adept in taking the advantages of Brechtian stage techniques while depicting the distance of a ruling class from the realities of the War. Despite the censorship of the English Government, Theatre Workshop caused a stir across the nation and later, the play was staged in the West End and on Broadway, and it received numerous prestigious awards. This study focuses on the class struggle between the soldiers and officers during World War I, the atrocities of the War, the economic and political dimensions of the War and Joan Littlewood’s approach to these issues within the context of Oh What a Lovely War by Theatre Workshop.

Keywords

Oh What a Lovely War, Joan Littlewood, Theatre .workshop, World War One, Class Struggle

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