Terörizm ve Medya Çerçevelemesi Üzerine Bir Analiz: YPJ Örneği

Year 2021, Volume: 26 Issue: 102, 241 - 256, 18.06.2021

Oğuzhan Yanarışık

https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.938217

Abstract

2011 yılından bu yana devam eden Suriye İç Savaşı, pek çok bölgesel ve küresel aktörün müdahalelerine maruz kalmıştır. Bazı terör örgütleri, bu dönemde ortaya çıkan otorite boşluğu ve kaos ortamından faydalanarak Suriye’de etkin hale gelmiş ve önemli toprak kazanımları elde etmiştir. Bunların başında PKK/YPG terör örgütü gelmektedir. YPG ve özellikle de onun kadınlardan oluşan birimi YPJ, ana akım Batı medyasında gayet olumlu bir şekilde tasvir edilmiştir. YPJ bir taraftan terör örgütü DEAŞ’ın antitezi olarak yüceltilmiş; diğer taraftan ütopik bir feminizm kurgusu üzerinden kahramanlaştırılmıştır. Olumlu ve övgü dolu medya çerçevelemesi Batılı aktörlerin YPJ’yle ve onun ana çatısını oluşturan YPG terör örgütüyle iş birliği yapmasını meşrulaştırmıştır. Bu medya çerçevelemesi, aynı zamanda Batı toplumlarının farklı kesimlerinin değişen derecelerde radikalleşmesinde rol oynamıştır. Bazı kesimler sempatizan haline gelmiş; bazıları siyasi ve mali olarak destek vermiş; bazıları ise YPJ’ye gönüllü militan olarak katılacak kadar ileri gidebilmiştir.

Keywords

YPJ, Medya Çerçevelemesi, YPG, Terörizm ve Medya İlişkisi, Terörizm, Uluslararası Güvenlik

An Analysis on Terrorism and Media Framing: the Case of YPJ

Abstract

The Syrian Civil War, which has been going on since 2011, has been subject to interventions of many regional and global actors. Some terrorist organizations took advantage of the authority vacuum and chaos environment that emerged during this period and became active in Syria and achieved significant land gains. PKK/YPG terrorist organization comes first among these. The YPG, and especially its women’s unit, the YPJ, have been portrayed in a positive way by the mainstream Western media. On the one hand, the YPJ has been glorified as the antithesis of the terrorist organization DAESH. On the other hand, it has been heroized over a utopian feminism fiction. The positive and laudatory media framing has legitimized the cooperation of Western actors with the YPJ and its main body, the YPG terrorist organization. This media framing has also played a role in radicalisation of different segments of Western societies to varying degrees. Some segments have become sympathizers; some of them gave political and financial support; while some went so far as to join the YPJ as volunteer militants.

Keywords

YPJ, Media Framing, YPG, Terrorism and Media Relationship, Terrorism, International Security

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