Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş

Tuğba Bakır; Bilal Selçuk; Yakup Bilal

doi:10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973

Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, metabolizable energy, and rumen fermentation characteristics of four silage materials (maize, sorghum, maralfalfa, and sugar beet pulp) grown in Kahramanmaraş province. Crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, NDF, and ADF contents were determined using standard analytical methods. In vitro gas and methane production were measured using the Menke technique, and organic matter digestibility, metabolizable energy, true digestible dry matter, and microbial protein production were calculated. Significant differences were observed among silages in terms of chemical composition and fermentation parameters (P < 0.05). Sugar beet pulp silage exhibited the highest gas production (51.63 mL), organic matter digestibility (68.69%), and metabolizable energy (9.84 MJ/kg DM), along with the lowest methane production per unit of fermented feed. Maize silage showed the highest microbial protein production (144.75 mg). Maralfalfa silage was characterized by its high crude protein content (14.08%), whereas sorghum silage had lower digestibility due to its high fiber content. In conclusion, sugar beet pulp silage appears to be a superior energy-rich feed, while maize silage supports efficient rumen microbial activity. These findings highlight the importance of strategic silage selection in optimizing ruminant nutrition.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Tuğba Bakır ^*
Türkiye

Bilal Selçuk
0000-0001-9136-5707
Türkiye

Yakup Bilal
0000-0001-9785-5395
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

June 16, 2026

Publication Date

June 26, 2026

Submission Date

April 10, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 1, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 66 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA99KP55JL

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Bakır, T., Selçuk, B., & Bilal, Y. (2026). Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş. Livestock Studies, 66(1), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973

AMA

1.Bakır T, Selçuk B, Bilal Y. Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş. Livestock Studies. 2026;66(1):35-40. doi:10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973

Chicago

Bakır, Tuğba, Bilal Selçuk, and Yakup Bilal. 2026. “Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş”. Livestock Studies 66 (1): 35-40. https://doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973.

EndNote

Bakır T, Selçuk B, Bilal Y (June 1, 2026) Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş. Livestock Studies 66 1 35–40.

IEEE

[1]T. Bakır, B. Selçuk, and Y. Bilal, “Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş”, Livestock Studies, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 35–40, June 2026, doi: 10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973.

ISNAD

Bakır, Tuğba - Selçuk, Bilal - Bilal, Yakup. “Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş”. Livestock Studies 66/1 (June 1, 2026): 35-40. https://doi.org/10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973.

JAMA

1.Bakır T, Selçuk B, Bilal Y. Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş. Livestock Studies. 2026;66:35–40.

MLA

Bakır, Tuğba, et al. “Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş”. Livestock Studies, vol. 66, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 35-40, doi:10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973.

Vancouver

1.Tuğba Bakır, Bilal Selçuk, Yakup Bilal. Comparison of Chemical Composition, In Vitro Gas Production, and Fermentation Characteristics of Four Different Silages Cultivated in Kahramanmaraş. Livestock Studies. 2026 Jun. 1;66(1):35-40. doi:10.46897/livestockstudies.1926973