Importance of Palace Complexes, the Pearls of Medieval Islamic Architecture, in Urban Planning and Architecture

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 194 - 209, 01.12.2021

Şehla Abbasova Namiq Abbasov

https://doi.org/10.29048/makufebed.870209

Öz

Although the Islamic palace complexes considered the pearl of architecture, even though they are studied separately by scholars for years and centuries, their unity in one direction of architecture has been neglected so far. For this reason, we have tried to explore the architecture of palace complexes, which is considered to be the most beautiful examples of the magnificent Islamic architecture, to reveal their similar features, and to reflect the influence of these buildings on the formation and development of the urban planning composition. Palace complexes built in almost all the states that adopted Islam in the Middle Ages were planned to be the core of the city based on the same laws. The main purpose of the study is to explore the architecture, history and composition structure of the great Shirvanshahs, Topkapi Palace, Alhambra and Akbari Sarai palaces built in the Middle Ages and to reveal their similar features. In the study, it was proved that the architecture of the palace complexes that survived until today was built in the same styles, that Islam has its own architectural laws and that these laws are applied more accurately in palace construction.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Composition, Islamic architecture, monumental buildings, ornament, palace

Orta Çağ İslam Mimarisinin İncileri Olan Saray Komplekslerinin Şehir Planlaması ve Mimarisindeki Önemi

Öz

Mimari inciler olan İslam saray kompleksleri, bilim adamları tarafından yüzyıllardır derinlemesine incelenmesine rağmen, mimariye entegrasyonlarına çok az ilgi gösterilmiştir. Bu sebeple araştırmada muhteşem İslam mimarisinin en güzel örnekleri olarak kabul edilen saray kompleksleri mimarisinin benzerlikleri ortaya çıkarılmaya, yapıların şehir planlama kompozisyonunun oluşumuna ve gelişimine etkisi yansıtılmaya çalışılmıştır. Orta Çağ'da İslam'ı benimseyen hemen hemen tüm ülkelerde inşa edilen saray kompleksleri, aynı mimari yasalara göre şehrin merkezi olarak planlanmaktaydı. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Orta Çağ'da inşa edilen gösterişli “Şirvanşahlar”, “Topkapı”, “Elhamra” ve “Ekber Sarayı” mimarisini, tarihini, kompozisyon yapısını incelemek ve benzer özelliklerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Çalışmada, günümüze kadar ulaşan saray komplekslerinin mimarisinin aynı tarzlarda inşa edildiği, İslam'ın kendine has mimari yasalarının olduğu ve bu yasaların saray yapımında daha doğru uygulandığı kanıtlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kompozisyon, İslam mimarisi, anıtsal yapılar, süs, saray

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