Evaluation of the Impact of Human Resources Practices on Organizational Performance Using the PLS Approach

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 1002 - 1016, 03.01.2024

Naoual Oumakhlouf

https://doi.org/10.33712/mana.1306769

Abstract

Considering that the individual is at the heart of human resources strategies, investment in this intangible capital becomes an imperative for companies seeking to achieve excellence. The aim of this research is to demonstrate the causal link between human resource development practices and organizational performance. In this work, we have presented the theoretical approaches that to treat the relationship between human performance and business performance. Following the universalist approach, we have developed a conceptual model linking the human motivation practices most common in the literature, namely: compensation, training, information sharing and communication, employee involvement, applied leadership style and internal professional relations. To verify the research model, we conducted a field survey of 46 companies in the industrial sector in the wilaya of Béjaia. The research results, obtained through structural equation modelling using SMART PLS, showed that leadership style and internal professional relationships have no direct impact on financial and non-financial performance. However, information sharing and communication only impact non-financial performance. And the two variables which measure remuneration and training were eliminated by the “PLS Algorithm” method.

Keywords

HR Practice, Organizational Performance, Relationship, Smart PLS

İnsan Kaynakları Uygulamalarının Orgütsel Performans Uzerindeki Etkisinin PLS Yaklaşımı İle Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bireyin insan kaynakları stratejilerinin merkezinde yer aldığı düşünüldüğünde, bu maddi olmayan sermayeye yatırım yapmak, mükemmelliğe ulaşmak isteyen şirketler için bir zorunluluk haline gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada insan performansı ile işletme performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alan teorik yaklaşımları sunduk. Bu çalışmada, birey ve kurumsal performans arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alan teorik yaklaşımları sunduk. Evrenselci yaklaşımı izleyerek, literatürde en yaygın olan insan motivasyonu uygulamalarını birbirine bağlayan kavramsal bir model geliştirdik: ücretlendirme, eğitim, bilgi paylaşımı ve iletişim, çalışanların katılımı, uygulanan liderlik tarzı ve kurum içi profesyonel ilişkiler. Araştırma modelini doğrulamak için Béjaia Vilayeti'nde sanayi sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 46 şirketle bir saha araştırması gerçekleştirdik. SMART PLS kullanılarak yapısal eşitlik modellemesi yoluyla elde edilen araştırma sonuçları, liderlik tarzının ve şirket içi mesleki ilişkilerin finansal ve finansal olmayan performans üzerinde doğrudan bir etkisinin olmadığını gösterdi. Ancak bilgi paylaşımı ve iletişim yalnızca finansal olmayan performansı etkiler. Ücret ve eğitimi ölçen iki değişken ise “PLS Algoritması” yöntemiyle ortadan kaldırıldı.

Keywords

İK Uygulaması, Organizasyonel Performans, İlişki, Akıllı PLS

References

• ADESINA, Kolade Sunday (2021), “How Diversification Affects Bank Performance: The Role of Human Capital'', Economic Modelling, S.94, ss.303-319.
• ALİ BELHADJ, Yassine (2016), “Factors Influencing the Use of the Balanced Scorecard Performance Model by Algerian Companies”, Forum for Economic Studies and Research Journal, S.4(1), ss.20-31.
• ALLANİ-SOLTAN, Nada, ARCAND, Michel and BAYAD, Mohamed (2005), ''La Gestion Stratégique Des Ressources Humaines: Un Déterminant de L’accroissement du Niveau D’innovation Des Entreprises Françaises'', Revue İnternationale Sur Le Travail Et La Société, S.3(2), ss.602-638.
• BAGOZZI, Richard P. and YI, Youjae (1988), ''On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models'', Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, S.16(1), ss.74-94.
• BALLAND, Stephane and BOUVIER, Anne-Marie (2008), Management Des Entreprises En 24 Fiches, Dunod Publisher, Paris (France).
• BARNEY, Jay (1991), ''Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage'', Journal of Management, S.17(1), ss.99-120.
• BARNEY, Jay (1995), ''Looking Inside for Competitive Advantage'', Academy of Management Executive, S.4, ss.49-61.
• BECKER, Brian and GERHART, Barry (1996), ''The Impact of Human Resource Management on Organizational Performance: Progress and Prospects'', The Academy of Management Journal, S.39(4), ss.779-801.
• BOUZIDA, Zahia (2019), ''L’impact De La Démarche Qualité Sur La Performance Des Entreprises İndustrielles Algériennes: Cas De: ENIEM Et Condor Electronics'', Thèse D Doctorat, Univerisité Mouloud Maameri, Tizi Ouzou.
• CHRÉTIEN, Lise, ARCAND, Guy, TELLIER, Genevıève and ARCAND, Michel (2005), ''Impacts Des Pratiques De Gestion des Ressources Humaines Sur La Performance Organisationnelle Des Entreprises De Gestion De Projets'', Revue İnternationale Sur Le Travail Et La Société, S.3(1), ss.107-128.
• DECOCK GOOD, Christel and GEORGES, Laurent (2003), ''Gestion Des Ressources Humaines Et Performance Economique : Une Etude Du Bilan Social'', Revue De Comptabilite-Controle-Audit, S.9(2), ss.151-170.
• DELERY, John H. and DOTY, D. Harold (1996), ''Modes of Theorizing in Strategic Human Ressource Management : Tests of Universalistic, Contingency and Configurational Performance Predictions'', Academy of Management Journal, S.39(4), ss.802-835.
• EL ADRAOUI, Hayat (2015), ''Effet De La GRH Sur La Performance: Validation Du Modèle Configurationnelle Auprès D'un Echantillon De 92 Entreprises Au Maroc”, Rvue Question(s) De Management, S.3(11), ss.43-56.
• GAGNON, Olivier and ARCAND, Guy (2011), ''Les Pratiques De GRH Comme Catalyseur De La Performance Organisationnelle”, Revue İnternationale Sur Le Travail Et La Société, S.9(2), ss.1-23.
• GARENGO, Patrizia, SARDI, Alberto and NUDURUPATI, Sai Sudhakar (2022), “Human Resource Management (HRM) in the Performance Measurement and Management (PMM) Domain: A Bibliometric Review”, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, S.71(7), ss.3056-3077.
• GUEST, David E. (1997), “Human Resource Management and Performance: A Review and Research Agenda”, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, S.8(3), ss.263-276.
• HENSELER, Jörg and SARSTEDT, Marko (2013), “Goodness-of-Fit Indices for Partial Least Squares Path Modeling”, Computational Statistics, S.28(2), ss.565-580.
• JOHNSON, Gerby, SCHOLES, Kevan, WHITTINGTON, Richard and FRÉRY, Frederic (2005), “Les Leviers Stratégiques”, Stratégique, Pearson Education, Paris (France).
• KICHOU, Djedjiga (2015), “L’impact Des Pratiques De Gestion Des Ressources Humaines Sur La Performance De L’entreprise: Cas Des Entreprises Algériennes”, Thèse De Doctorat, Université De Mouloud Mammeri, Tizi-Ouzou.
• KMIECIAK, Roman, MICHNA, Anna and MECZYNSKA, Anna (2012), “Innovativeness, Empowerment and IT Capability: Evidence from SMEs”, Industrial Management & Data Systems, S.112(5), ss.707-728.
• LACOURSIÈRE, Richard, FABI, Bruno and ST-PIERRE, Josee (2000), “Impacts De Certaines Pratiques De GRH Sur La Performance Organisationnelle Et Financière Des PME”, 5. Congrès International Francophone Sur La PME, 25-27 October 2000 – Lille, AIREPME Publisher, Lille (Fr), ss.1-18.
• LESMINI, Lis, KAMSARIATY, Kamsariaty, MARLITA, Devi, SAWITRI, Ni Nyoman and SOEHADITAMA, Josua Panatap (2023), “Business Software Human Resource Information System for Assistance Human Capital Performance”, Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (FJMR), S.2(4), ss.711-718.
• MEZIANI, Mustapha (2012), “Contribution A la Méthodologie D’intégration De La Qualité Dans Les Entreprises: Evaluation Des Performances Managériales”, Thèse De Doctorat, Université MIRA, Béjaia.
• MULIYATI, Muliyati, LILY, Lily, FEBRIAN, Wenny Desty, RAJAB, Muhammad and AR, Muhammad, Thamrin (2023), “Transactional Leadership: Employee Performance and Organizational Performance (Literature Review)”, East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR), S.2(3), ss.1129-1142.
• NARO, Grald (2006), “Les Indicateurs Sociaux : Du Contrôle De Gestion Sociale Aux Développements Récents Du Pilotage Et Du Reporting”, Récupéré sur slideshare (E-Article), https://fr.slideshare.net/AbderraoufHAMZAOUI/les-indicateurs-sociaux-grald-naro (Date of Access: 03.08.2022).
• OUBYA, Ghozlene (2016), “'Contribution De L'étude Des Déterminants De La Performance De L'entreprise : İmpact De La Création De Valeur Pour Le Client Sur La Performance Des Entreprises Hotelières En Tunisie”, Thèse de Doctorat, Université CÔTE D’AZUR, Nice.
• OUMAKHLOUF, Naoual and KHERBACHI, Hamid (2023), “Measuring the Impact of Strategic Planning on Organizational Performance Using the PLS Approach”, Les Cahiers Du Cread, S.39(2), ss.103-131.
• PFEFFER, Jeffrey (1998), “Seven Practices of Successful Organizations”, California Management Review, S.40(2), ss.96-124.
• PFEFFER, Jeffrey and VEIGA, John F. (1999), “Putting People First for Organizational Success”, Academy of Management Executive, S.13(2), ss.37-48.
• ROUAG, Soumia and KADDOURI, Amar (2023), “Le Capital Humain, Un Elément Immatériel Stratégique Pour Devenir Meilleur”, La Ressource Humaine Un Facteur A L’origine De L’Avantage Concurrentie, Ecole Supérieur Du Commerce, ss.1-22.
• SAMWEL, Janes O. (2018), “Effect of Employee Relations on Employee Performance and Organizational Performance-Study of Small Organizations in Tanzania”, Global Journal of Management and Business Research, S.18(8), ss.68-79.
• SOUTENAIN, Jean-François and FARCET, Philiphe (2006), Dans Organisation Et Gestion De L'Entreprise, Foucher Publisher, Berti (France).
• SUSANTO, Primadi Candra (2022), “'Employee Engagement Strategy: Analysis of Organizational Commitment, Compensation,, Career Development”, International Conference of Humanities and Social Science (ICHSS), 15-17 December 2022, V.1, ss.96-103.
• SUSANTO, Primadi Candra, AGUSINTA, Lira, SETYAWATI, Aswanti and PANJAITAN, Anggia Rettrisunz Pim (2023), “Determinant Organization Commitment and Development Organization: Analysis Servant Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership”, Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (FJMR), S.2(3), ss.541-558.
• THIETART, Raymond-Alain (2014), Méthode Et Recherche En Management, Dunod Publisher, Paris (France).
• TIAN, Anna Yumiao, AHAMMAD, Mohammad Faisal, TARBA, Shlomo Yedidia, PEREIRA, Vijay and ARSLAN, Ahmad (2021), “Investigating Employee and Organizational Performance in a Cross-Border Acquisition: A Case of Withdrawal Behavior'', Hum Resour Manage, S.60(5), ss.1-17.